AI en Translation, Pages 301-325
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(5) Rectification of the current generated from the previous coil by connecting the two ends
to two insulated half-cylinders. Drawing the graphical curve
that shows the relationship between the generated electromotive force in this case
and the movement of the coil.
(6) The electromotive force generated from a set of coils rotating around one axis
in the center of a magnetic field, with their ends connected to parts of a single cylinder
insulated from each other. Drawing the general curve of the generated electromotive force.
(7) The basic components of DC generators, their function,
composition, and the metals from which they are made.
(8) Types of DC generators, their properties, and the method of
connecting them for use in power stations and the necessary equipment
for operation.
(9) How torque is generated in motors. The effect of back
electromotive force in motors. The benefit of using
a starting resistance for the motor.
(10) Types of motors used, their properties, and the method of
connecting them for use and the necessary equipment for operation, including how to
regulate speed and reverse direction in motors.
(11) Summary of the difference between direct current and alternating current
and the advantages and uses of each type.
(12) Secondary batteries. Their composition. Their charging method.
Their uses.
Fourth Year
For refrigeration
(1) The drilling machine and its different types
a. Feed movement for manual and automatic drills.
b. Vertical and horizontal thrust movement
c. Method of driving the drill with a belt and electric
motor.
(2) Different planers.
a) The carriage planer. Its uses
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(1 Automatic movement of the cart
(2 Stroke adjustment. Fast return movement in the stroke
for the unrestricted.
(3 Automatic feeding of the <del>planer</del> planer's tool.
B - The shaper planer. Its uses
(1 Automatic movement of the planing machine
(2 Stroke adjustment. Fast return movement in the stroke
for the unrestricted.
(3 Automatic feeding
C - The vertical planer. Its uses
(1 Transfer of motion to the tool
(2 Stroke adjustment
(3 For automatic feeding
(3 Mechanical saw
A - Circular saw. Circular motion. Feeding motion. Angle
of saw teeth.
B - Reciprocating straight-motion saw. Its assembly
and operation.
(4 Pipe threading machine. Its assembly. Its use
for turning (1 High-speed lathes
(A Fixed headstock. Different engagements for the movement of the fixed headstock shaft
B) Moving headstock. Explanation, use, and adjustment
C - Carriage. Its manual and automatic movement
D) Toolpost. How to adjust and fasten the lathe tool for flat
and tapered surfaces
E) Lathe bed. Some of its modern types
(2 Drills, their types, and brief operating methods
A) Vertical and horizontal feed movement
B) Types of drill bits ⟦and their sizes⟧ and their sizes in commercial markets
C) Counterboring.
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d - Countersinking for modified and tapered holes.
3 - Different planers.
a - Trolley planer and its uses, operation, and rapid return motion.
b - Shaper planer and its uses, operation, stroke adjustment, and rapid
return motion.
c - Vertical planer. Its uses and operation. Stroke adjustment. Automatic motion
of the vertical planer. Its use for all types of planers.
For blacksmiths
1 - Practical explanation of the following cutting machines, accompanied by a simple diagram for each.
a - Mechanical punch
b - Mechanical shear
c - Cold saw
d - Hot saw
e - Saw sharpening machine
f - Saw welding
2 - Beam and angle bending machine.
3 - Pipe and iron rod bending machine.
4 - Sheet metal rolling and straightening machines (sheet straightener).
5 - Manual and automatic hammers and their importance in industry, explained briefly.
a - Spring hammer
b - Steam hammer
c - Pneumatic hammer.
Fifth Year, one class per week
For machinists (milling machines)
a - General horizontal milling machine. Its structure.
b - How to install the cutter in the milling machine spindle.
c - Power transmission to the spindle.
d - Manual and automatic table feed.
e - Dividing head and its use.
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f - Cutting helical grooves.
g - Cutting spur gears and how to calculate them on the indexing head with practical examples
applied to them.
2 - Spur and helical gear cutting machine.
a - Its installation
b - Its operation
3 - Different shapes of knives required for the aforementioned machines.
4 - Knife sharpening machine:
a - Its installation
b - Its operation
5 - Precision measuring instruments
a - Vernier caliper
b - Micrometer
c - Micrometers for measuring internal cylinder diameters
d - Limit gauges and their tables and uses
for turning
a - Method of operating lathes, drills, and shapers with electric motors. ⟦aspects⟧ positions of these
motors relative to the machine.
2 - Horizontal cylinder lathe. Its description. Its drawing. Its operating method.
3 - Large faceplate lathe for turning wheels (flywheels).
4 - Turret lathe (as simplified capacity). The purposes for which it is used.
5 - Cutting speed for various metals and the amount of feed for the tool in different situations.
6 - Explanation of the general horizontal milling machine. Its structure. How to install the cutter in the cutter
milling cutter column. Power transmission to the cutter column. Manual and automatic table feed.
Indexing head and its use. Cutting helical grooves. Cutting spur gears
and how to calculate them on the ⟦indexing head⟧ indexing head with practical examples applied to them.
7 - Precision measuring instruments.
a - Vernier caliper
b - Micrometer
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C. Micrometer for measuring the internal diameters of the cylinder.
D. Limit gauges, their tables, and their uses.
Blacksmiths 1. Dies. The theory of the die machine. Multiple examples of shaping workpieces
with dies.
2. Oxy-acetylene welding.
Preparation of oxygen. Preparation of acetylene and the important equipment for its preparation. Filling
oxygen and acetylene in steel cylinders. Measuring devices on the cylinders
of oxygen and acetylene.
Welding torch. Cutting torch. Important welding connections that have replaced rivets.
Welding material for cast iron, iron, copper, and aluminum. Fluxes.
3. Electric welding.
A. By electric arc.
B. By electrical resistance.
4. A practical rule is given for determining the capacity of an air fan to supply a known number of furnaces.
Industrial Science - Foundry
Second Year One lesson per week
1. A brief overview of pattern making and its importance in casting workpieces and machine parts.
2. Sands used in metal casting, their sources, preparation, and uses.
3. A brief description of the crucibles and plates used in metal melting, natural drawing,
and industrial drawing, their capacity, and the units by which they are sold in the markets.
4. Metals used in foundry workshops.
A. Cast iron. Scrap metal. How to examine its samples (dry, soft, and burnt).
B. Pig iron (cast iron pigs) and knowing their quality grade with a presentation of
samples to students.
Third Year One lesson per week
1. Metals used in foundry workshops.
A. Cast iron. Scrap metal and how to examine its samples (dry, soft, and burnt).
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2. Pig iron (ingots), knowing its quality grade. Different samples
are shown to students.
b. Iraqi sand used in casting. With a general explanation from the curriculum of
the second grade.
1. Its types and the conditions that must be met. How to test it. Its defects.
Its composition, mixing, and the proportions of its mixtures in practice.
2. Oil sand and how it is formed and prepared. The purposes for which it is used.
3. Various industrial means to provide ⟦porosity⟧ in the sand.
4. Venting in risers and sprues of all types.
5. Cores and their types.
c. Means of changing, smoothing, and painting.
1. Local and coal charcoal.
2. Burnt sands.
3. Graphite, its properties, known commercial types, and sources.
4. Paint composition. Its uses. Drying methods.
d. Means of sand preparation.
1. Manual sieves. Their descriptions and sizes available in the markets.
2. Mechanical sieves. Their specifications and sizes available in the
markets.
3. Sand mixing devices.
4. Foundry mill.
e. Various risers. Their agreed-upon shapes and sizes.
1. Wooden risers.
2. Cast iron risers.
3. Steel risers.
4. Means of fixing several risers together.
5. Special risers for pouring copper.
6. Riser transfer.
Fourth Year
One class per week
a. Refractory building materials:
a. Aswan clay. Its composition, properties, and uses. Its locations in
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Iraq. Its price in the markets.
b - Fireclay bricks. The purposes for which they are used. Their properties. Their specifications.
Their prices in commercial markets.
c - English clay. Its advantages. Its uses. Its approximate price.
2 - Fuel materials for furnaces.
a - Coke. Its properties and degree of hardness in detail. The theory of its extraction from
coal briefly. Its calorific value. Its uses in the foundry.
b - Waste oil (mazut) and its use in furnaces.
3 - Methods for drying castings.
a - Drying with a pipe.
b - The movable hood and its use.
c - The drying wheel.
d - The dryer. Its drawing. Its operating method.
4 - Transportation methods inside the foundry workshop.
a - The winch. Its description and how to use it.
b - The trolley for carrying crucibles inside the dryer.
c - Types of tongs used for holding crucibles.
5 - Casting machines used in high volume industrial production.
6 - Raw red copper and how to smelt it.
7 - Aluminum. Zinc. Lead. Tin. Forms of raw materials available in the
commercial market and their approximate prices.
8 - Metal alloys (in more detail than given in the second year) with a statement of the percentage of
the mixture used in industry, the uses of these alloys, their melting point,
and practical methods of mixing them in crucibles.
Fifth Year, two periods per week
1 - Foundry furnace (cupola)
a - The furnace (cupola) without a forehearth. Its use. Its structure. Its advantages.
Its drawing.
b - Cupola with a forehearth. Its use. Its structure. Its advantages. Its drawing.
c - How to repair the cupola. Preparing it for casting, lighting it, and reporting on it.
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d - The amount of air required for combustion and its pressure
e - The effect of air on the type and quality of castings
f - The effect of coal on the type and quality of castings
2 - a - Ratios of coal, cast iron, scrap, and ore charges to each other
and the extent of the effect of changing these ratios on the quality of the cast iron.
b - Air pumps used to feed the blast furnace with air with a
simple layout for them. Their types and specifications in the market. Means of operation. How to
regulate the air they generate.
3 - The metal pouring process and the necessary precautions for it.
4 - a - Defects in castings, their causes, and their treatment.
b - The stress that occurs in castings, its harms, and ways to avoid it.
c - Excess material in castings
5 - Methods of cleaning castings
a - By hand brushes
b - By compressed sand
c - By pickling
d - Means of separating sprues from cast iron and copper castings
6 - An idea about the manufacture of bronze statues.
Tenth - Machines and Tools (Mechanics and Automotive <del>and Foundry</del> Section)
Second year, one hour per week
1 - Preliminary principles of heat
a - What is heat (b) Temperature in French and English and the relationship between them
(c) Thermometers (d) Pyrometers (e) Expansion of bodies with heat (f)
Specific, latent, and total heat (g) Methods of heat transfer.
2 - Types of fuel, their properties, and their uses briefly
(a) Coal (b) Coke (c) Vegetable charcoal (d)
Gasoline (e) Petroleum (f) Fuel oil (g) Waste oil (h) Illuminating gas
3 - Steam
(a) Theory of its formation (b) Its types (c) Steam pressure (d) Its units of measurement.
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in French and English and the relationship between them (e) the relationship between pressure and temperature
(f) the relationship between pressure and the temperature at which steam begins to form (g) atmospheric pressure
and its English and French units.
4 - Boilers.
A - Its types, definition and benefit (b) a precise comparison between fire-tube boilers
and water-tube boilers (c) explanation of the flame cycle and water cycle in each of
the two types (d) explanation of the following boilers with a simple diagram for each.
(1) Simple vertical boiler (2) Marine and Scottish boiler (3) Babcock and Wilcox boiler
(4) Locomotive boiler (5) Niaros boiler. Cochran boiler. Lancashire boiler.
5 - Boiler accessories with a drawing for each and their benefits
A) Gauge glass (b) pressure gauge (c) safety valve with spring
and with lever (d) feed pump (e) injector (f) sentinel plug (g)
steam distribution valve.
6 - Burning fuel oil in boilers. Fuel oil flow
7 - Natural and artificial draft.
Third Year - One session per week
1 - ⟦Principles⟧ of heat
(a) What is work (b) Energy = (c) The relationship between work and energy
(d) The function of the heat engine.
2 - Explanation of the simple steam engine on a diagram and on a model if
available, with different positions of the piston and determining the positions of other parts
in relation to it.
3 - Explanation of the parts of the simple machine separately and its benefit with an explanation of the Stephenson device
for reversing motion.
4 - Brief explanation of the indicator diagram
5 - (a) Explanation of steam distribution by means of the simple slide valve with the indicator
diagram showing only the entry and exit of steam (b) Explanation of steam distribution
by means of the D-slide valve with the indicator diagram showing only the entry of steam
, cutoff, exit, and pressure (c) Comparison between the two valves and the two diagrams
6 - Explanation of steam superheating methods. Its properties and benefits, and its uses.
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7 - Explanation of the compound steam engine. The general arrangement of its cylinders and its advantages over the simple engine.
8 - The surface condenser. The air pump.
9 - The ⟦precipitator⟧ ( ) evaporator ( )
Fourth year one session per week
1 - Centrifugal pumps. Reciprocating pumps.
Accurate comparison between each of them.
2 - Steam Turbines
Steam work in turbines. Types of turbines. Theory of impulse turbine. Theory
of reaction turbine. Nozzle theory. Parsons turbine. Single and double gears.
Applications of the turbine.
3 - Internal combustion engines powered by light oils. Types of these machines
in terms of the fuel used in them, in the form of a tree diagram.
4 - Full explanation of the parts of a petrol engine with a schematic drawing for each.
5 - Explanation of carburetor theory. Fountain carburetor. Zenith carburetor. Feeding methods
of the carburetor with petrol.
6 - Electrical ignition. (a) Theory of the induction coil (b) Explanation of the high-tension magneto (c) The spark plug.
7 - (a) Explanation of the four-stroke Otto cycle (b) Explanation of the two-stroke Otto cycle.
8 - Valve timing with graphical representations in both the four-stroke and two-stroke cycles.
9 - Accurate comparison between four-stroke engines and two-stroke engines.
Fifth year two sessions per week
1 - Definition of the indicator diagram. Its benefit in identifying some machine defects. Mechanical power.
Calculation of power from the indicator diagram. Brake power. Thermal efficiency. Mechanical efficiency. Overall efficiency. Multiple examples for power calculation.
Detailed explanation of the indicator device.
2 - General explanation of two-stroke and four-stroke diesel and semi-diesel engines.
3 - Parts of a diesel engine. Bedplate. Cylinder. Cylinder head. Piston.
Connecting rod. Crankshaft. Balance weights. Flywheel. Journal bearings. Thrust bearings
in marine engines and their maintenance. Valves. Cams and camshaft.
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The Regulator
4 — Explanation of a four-stroke diesel engine with air injection, indicator diagram, and valve timing.
Fuel valve with speed control. Air pump for injection and starting.
5 — Explanation of a four-stroke dry injection diesel engine with indicator diagram and valve timing.
Different shapes of clearance space. The injector. Fuel pump with speed control method.
6 — Explanation of a two-stroke diesel engine with indicator diagram and port timing.
7 — Explanation of a four-stroke and two-stroke semi-diesel engine with indicator diagram and valve timing
and ports. Explanation of the hot bulb.
8 — Explanation of cooling and lubrication methods for the main parts of machines.
9 — Problems encountered by diesel engines and ways to avoid them.
10 — Engagement device for reversing movement in installations and rudder connection to the steering wheel.
11 — Industrial Science and Machines (Automotive Section)
First year: Same as other mechanical sections
Second year: Same as other mechanical sections
Third year: Laboratory Management (one session per week)
Industrial Sciences: Detailed explanation of the following tools and their uses:
Simple mechanical levers attached to cars. Car engine holder
in the workshop. Manual and foot-operated car tire air pumps. Puller for removing
wheel rims. Puller for removing the rear wheel hub. Press for removing and installing
bushes. Device for removing piston pins. Simple hand greaser. Device (puller)
for lifting side and overhead valves. Device (milling machine) for turning valve seats. Device
for grinding valves. Scraper for repairing valve seat inserts and connecting rod ends (babbitted).
Device for welding inner and outer tires (heating by electricity or kerosene).
Fourth year: One session per week
Industrial Sciences: Detailed explanation of the following tools and their uses:
Lifting jacks with a movable base (large jack). Mobile hoist for lifting car engines
(winch). Valve grinding machine. Device for removing ball bearings (balls).
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Front wheel alignment device. Alignment device, connecting rods and alignment of their axes. Portable electric drill machine. Compressed air device and sender for cleaning spark plugs. Spark plug testing device electrically under air pressure.
Fifth year, one session per week
Industrial science, detailed explanation of the following tools and their uses.
Crankpin turning machine. Crankshaft bearing cap casting machine. Crankshaft bearing cap turning machine. Portable machine for turning and grinding cylinders. Device for removing and installing cylinder sleeves. Large mechanical car lift. Hydraulic lift for lifting cars. Complete compressed air machine with compressed air tank and accessories (cooler. filter. indicator. safety valve. air intake)
Compressed air greaser (grease gun). Kerosene and compressed air washing device (washing gun). Device for indicating the pressure value inside the tire (wheel) of the car. Battery charging device of both types.
Machines and tools
Third year, one session per week
1 — Prime Movers
General description of the parts of a car engine and a mechanical motorcycle.
Four-stroke cycle. Two-stroke cycle for gasoline engines.
Detailed explanation of the following parts —
Car engine cylinders of all types (monoblock, wet sleeve, and dry sleeve) and their shapes in terms of cylinder mounting on the crankshaft case and in terms of valve positions. Cylinder head and methods of securing it.
Different shapes of combustion chambers (for both side valves and overhead valves). Pistons of all types. Torsional vibration dampers. Conical valves and sleeve valves and their adjustment means. Timing of conical valves.
Camshafts and their benefits and methods of power transmission to them.
2 — Electricity — One session per week
1 — Mutual induction and methods of generating induced current
2 — Self-induction and the difference between it and mutual induction
3 — Methods of knowing the direction of induced current in a wire cutting lines of a magnetic field perpendicularly.
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4- The electromotive force generated in a loop of wire in the shape of a rectangle
rotating in the middle of a magnetic field, with its ends connected to two half-cylinders
insulated from each other. Drawing a graphical curve showing the relationship between
the generated electromotive force and the movement of the loop.
5- The electromotive force generated from a set of coils rotating around a single axis in the middle of a
magnetic field, with their ends connected to parts of a single insulated cylinder
from each other. Drawing the general curve of the generated electromotive force.
6- The basic parts of DC generators, the function of each part, its structure,
and the metals from which it is made.
7- Types of DC generators used.
8- The electric generator used in the car. Method of voltage regulation by
the third brush for a generator with three brushes. Voltage regulation by the regulator
for a generator with two brushes.
9- Secondary batteries. Their theory and composition. Methods of plate formation. Charging and discharging.
Battery problems and how to store them for a long time.
10- Battery charging and discharging circuit in the car. Automatic charging circuit breaker.
11- Car lighting circuit. Lamps with movable filament. Lamps
with two lights.
Fourth year, one class per week
Different clutches (mechanical types and hydraulic) and their function. Gearboxes
used in cars. Drive shaft and its various connections (types)
(Flexible coupling. Hooke's coupling. Sliding coupling. Ball coupling)
Final drive assembly. Differential assembly (explains one in detail). Wheels
rear and methods of installing their axles. Front wheel axles. Steering gears
of various types (worm and nut and cam). Connection of front wheels to steering gear
The frame (chassis). Methods of engine suspension. Leaf springs and helical springs
(Springs) and their use in frame suspension.
paper
Fifth year, two classes per week
Mechanical and hydraulic shock absorbers and their function - types of brake with lining
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Friction (contractile and expansive strip) methods of lining fixation. Fuel supply methods
(gravity. suction. pressure) gasoline pump. Different types of fuel feeder
(carburetor) and the theory of operation of each. Air cleaner. Engine lubrication methods.
Lubrication pump used in forced lubrication. Dry sump and its draining pump.
Oil pressure gauge (manometer). Engine cooling methods. Water pump. Radiator.
Air fan. Power transmission to auxiliary devices (water pump, air fan,
Electric generator, spark generator (magneto) and its timing with the engine. Distributor. Oil pump)
Exhaust sound muffling methods. Explanation of the four-stroke diesel cycle used in
cars. Theory of hydraulic devices for brake operation.
12- Industrial Drawing (Automotive Department)
First year as followed in the Mechanical Department
Second year as followed in the Mechanical Department
Third year four classes per week
1- Drawing curves of cycloid (cycloid - epicycloid) drawing teeth
from a straight gear using the previous curves.
2- Drawing two boards of simple car parts after disassembling them from a model, provided that the
disassembly time for each model does not exceed three hours.
3- Drawing six boards of car-specific parts from sketches prepared by the teacher, taking into account
annual renewal.
Fourth year five classes per week
One board is drawn from the disassembly of a car body selected from the curriculum of the
Factories Administration for the fourth year cars, provided that the disassembly time does not exceed
six hours.
Seven boards of car parts are drawn from sketches prepared by the teacher, such that these parts are
within the subject of prime movers (engines and machines) for the fourth year cars. These sketches are to be changed annually.
One electrical board is drawn from a sketch prepared by the teacher, to be within the subject of electricity
for the fourth year cars.
Fifth year six classes per week
One board is drawn from the disassembly of a device from the devices outlined in the curriculum of the
Factories Administration for the fifth year cars, provided that the
disassembly time does not exceed ⟦six⟧ hours.
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Seven drawings are drawn with a template prepared by the teacher, which will be part of the machinery curriculum for
the fifth year. Cars, provided that these templates are evaluated annually.
An electrical drawing is drawn from a template prepared by the professor from the electrical curriculum for the
fifth year, cars.
A transparent drawing with ink backing is drawn for one of the previous drawings, presented by the teacher.
Industrial Sciences, Electrical Department
First Year, two classes per week
1- Common metals used:-
Cast iron. Wrought iron. Mild steel. Tool steel.
Carbon steel. Red copper. Tin. Zinc. Lead. Aluminum
and the distinction between these metals.
2- Metal sheets, their manufacturing methods, legal dimensions, and means of processing
workpieces from sheets.
3- The following welding methods:-
Blacksmith welding. Tin welding. Copper welding. Welding
with silver. Oxy-acetylene welding.
4- A brief description of the following:-
A simple metal lathe, a simple manual drill, a blacksmith. Piercing shears
The pocket. The grinding wheel machine.
5- Explanation of mechanical motion transmission methods in operating machines by using pulleys
and belts and gears in general.
6- Lubricants and lubrication and their respective uses.
7- A simple explanation of how engines work.
8- Summary of the composition and uses of the following materials:-
Tar. Gypsum. Cement. Sand. Gravel. Concrete
Ordinary and reinforced.
Second Year, one class per week
1- Basic principles of heat.
(a) What is heat (b) Temperature in French and English and the relationship
between them (c) Thermometers (d) Barometers (e) Expansion of bodies by heat or the effect of heat
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quality, latent and total. (⟦w⟧) heat transfer methods (h) work (t) energy
(y) the relationship between work and energy (k) the function of the heat engine.
2- The following types of fuel and their properties briefly.
a- (Coal (b) Benzine (c) Petroleum (d) Mazut (e)
Dirty oil.
3- Steam. Theory of its formation, types, pressure, units of measurement, and the relationship of pressure
with temperature.
4- Boilers and their benefits, with an explanation of the following types and their necessary accessories.
Simple vertical boiler. Babcock & Wilcox. Locomotive.
5- Briefly explain the simple steam engine and its parts.
6- Explain a simple steam power plant and the function of each part of it.
7- Centrifugal pumps and piston pumps.
8- Brief explanation of steam turbines.
9- Explanation of the theory of internal combustion engines, a definition of each, and the fuel used in
each of them. 1- Kerosene - Gasoline - Diesel - Semi-diesel.
Third Year -
One class per week
First - Properties and uses of raw materials used in electrical engineering.
1- Conductive materials.
<del>Iron</del> Iron. Copper. Aluminum. Lead. Zinc. Tin.
Nickel. Platinum. Silver. Graphite. Carbon. Resistance materials.
2- Insulating materials.
Wood. Glass. Porcelain. Marble. Slate. Fiber. Rubber
Gutta-percha. Asbestos. Cotton. Silk. Mica. Micanite. Micanite
Tenast. Bakelite. Insulating pipes. Shellac. Oiled paper.
Second - Wires used in electrical connections and devices. Their types
and legal measurements. Methods of connecting, soldering, and joining them, extending and protecting them,
and the necessary equipment for that.
Third - Cables. Their types. Methods of laying, connecting them, protecting them, and the equipment
necessary for that.
Fourth - Pipes used in electrical connections. Their types and measurements
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legal and methods of extending and establishing them and their complementary parts.
Fifth year, one session per week
First - Electrical installation tools -
Lamp holder. Ceiling rose. Screws and plugs. Switches. Fuses
Lamps. Reflectors.
Second - Methods of distributing electrical power generated in the main stations for direct current
and alternating current and the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
Third - Methods of connecting current from the main branch to consumption sites. Circuit distribution
within premises and testing it.
Fourth - Explanation of the internal structure and method of connecting and using the following devices:
Wattmeter. Meter. Megger. Resistance measuring device. Measuring device
Frequency. Power factor measuring device. Synchronization devices.
Fifth - Problems and defects of direct and alternating current generators and motors and methods of avoiding them
and repairing them.
Electrical Department Machines and Equipment
Second year, one session per week
Electrical circuit and Ohm's law - Resistors and their connection method - Specific resistance
of the wire material and its calculation - Thermal coefficient and change in resistance. Electrical power
and Joule's coefficient - Magnetic effect on electric current for flux or magnetic
flux and its relationship with magnetomotive force - Magnetic reluctance
( ) The difference between an electrical circuit and a magnetic
circuit - Electric current occurring in a conductor cutting a magnetic field -
The first theory of electromotive force generated in the generator, the magnetic circuit
of direct current machines.
Armature winding for direct current machines.
Direct current generator with external excitation or self-excitation - Series and
parallel and compound generators - Armature reaction ( )
Graphical curves when loading generators ( ) Rectification
and spark occurring in carbon brushes ( )
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Auxiliary Poles.
DC motor (back EMF and its benefit - speed of armature reaction and rectification in motors - torque - shunt motors - speed regulation in them - series motors - and compound motors - differences between motors and suitable applications for each).
(Starting resistance for motors - electrical quality and switches)
Third year, two sessions per week
Alternating Current: Instantaneous values of variable electromotive force generated in a conductor - wave, wave time, and frequency - instantaneous values of variable current flowing in a conductor - relationship between frequency, coil rotation speed, and number of poles - current read by the ammeter ⟦and voltmeter⟧
Maximum ⟦voltage⟧ for the quantity and average current value - effective value of alternating current - summary of the relationship between maximum and average value.
Magnetic effect of alternating current.
Counter EMF - finding the inductive coefficient of a coil with known temporal correlation between current and counter EMF.
Phase relationship () between flux pressure wave and current wave in alternating current circuits.
Graphical representation: triangle of resistances - connecting two coils in series - connecting two coils in parallel - power consumed in alternating current circuits containing only inductive resistance and inductive and material resistance simultaneously, according to the power consumed in alternating current circuits in general.
Choke coils () - capacitors - power consumed in capacitors - connecting capacitors in series.
Electrical circuits containing material, inductive, and electrostatic resistance connected in series or in parallel - complex electrical circuits.
Multi-phase alternating current.
First - Two-phase alternating current - power in two-phase current circuits.
Second - Power in three-phase circuits - star connection method or () delta connection method () - power in connected circuits
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in the form of ( ) and methods of measuring power in them. Power in circuits connected in
the form of ( ) and methods of measuring power in them - and in the presence of only three wires, whether
the connection ( ) or ( ) methods of measuring resistance, voltage and current (using
ammeter - voltmeter - by the compensation method - by known resistance
and voltmeter - by Wheatstone bridge).
Fourth year, two lessons per week
1- General description of the alternating current generator. The main points of difference between
alternating current generators and direct current generators. Advantages of alternating current generators - generators
of fixed armature. The difference between slow-speed generators and high-speed generators.
2- A comprehensive explanation of the parts that make up alternating current generators, with a statement of
their different types, methods of formation, and the metals from which they are made.
3- Winding the armature members in alternating current generators using the bar and coil method to produce
single-phase, two-phase, or three-phase current.
4- Methods of connecting generators for use in power stations and the necessary equipment
for their operation when connected individually or in parallel with each other.
5- Commonly used alternating current motors.
(a) Induction motors (2) Synchronous motors (3) Repulsion
motors.
Explanation of the starting method. How movement occurs. Method of reversing movement.
Practical connections and necessary equipment for operation. Properties and uses for each type
of the mentioned types.
6- Transformers. Their types. Methods of connecting them for parallel operation in power stations
and their cooling methods.
7- Methods of converting alternating current to direct current using the following:-
(1) Rotary converters (2) Mercury-arc rectifiers (3) Metal rectifiers.
8- Study of the use of electricity in the following aspects:-
Automatic transport and machine circuits. Metal welding and melting. Heating. Cooling.
Chemical analysis. Transmission of audible and visual signals.
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9— Giving ⟦practical⟧ examples of what was mentioned.
Fifth year, three classes per week
1— Capacitors— their different types used in wireless— methods of finding their capacitance
relative to the number of their plates in the case of series and parallel connection.
2— Psychological and mutual induction and ⟦induction⟧ of single-layer and multi-layer coils.
3— Electrical transformers.
4— The effect of resistance, capacitor, and induction in AC circuits, simple examples of this
with graphical representation in the cases of tuning, series, and parallel.
5— Wavelength and finding it for a divided circuit by induction and capacitance.
6— Explanation of the antenna and its types and method of installation— vanishing and continuous radio waves.
7— Microphones and their types— Loudspeakers and their types— The crystal device and an explanation of
its parts.
8— Vacuum tubes and atomic theory and the production of electron beam by heat and light—
Filament structure and methods of heating it— The two-electrode tube (diode) its use in
the rectification process.
9— Rectification of alternating current by means of a metallic rectifier.
10— Antennas and their effect on reception.
11— Triode, tetrode, pentode, and composite radio tubes and their respective uses
each in receiving devices— Characteristics of radio tubes and how to find the three constants—
simple examples— use of the tube for waves and common detection methods
use and advantages and disadvantages of each.
12— Use of the tube as an amplifier for radio waves and a wave generator (oscillator) methods
used in connecting tubes to each other and the true amplification in each case.
13— Receiving devices and an explanation of the superheterodyne theory and reasons for its superiority over
conventional devices.
14— Wireless broadcasting stations and an explanation of their basic theory and operation
() and circuit usage methods.
15— Directional transmission and directional reception and their purpose.
16— The most important defects of devices and methods of repairing them.
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Natural and industrial drying, their defects and advantages, and wood defects arising from the growth
of trees and their exposure to wind and other weather factors. Wood defects arising from
errors in preservation, storage and construction methods - methods of wood maintenance from damage and methods of
storage - study of the properties of white woods known as fir - and spruce and beech
and the industrial purposes for which they are used, such as structural and decorative carpentry, and methods of measuring them
and selling them.
Types of glue and sandpaper (sandpaper) and methods of their manufacture, properties and use in
carpentry work. Types of ordinary nails, lag screws, threaded screws and dowels
and their use in carpentry work, their sizes and methods of sale.
Explanation of the manual tools used in the carpentry industry, such as adjustment tools,
measurement, fastening, cutting, sanding, finishing, drilling and trimming. Sharpening tools
and their maintenance and prevention methods.
Second year, one class per week
Study of the properties of soft and hard woods widely used in building and foundation carpentry works,
such as pine woods of all types, poplar, walnut, oak, mahogany, Indian teak
(Beli sander), chestnut, ebony, spruce, ⟦and Azghazi⟧ and others, with a comparison
of some with others in terms of strength, flexibility, shape and the suitability of each type for different purposes.
Methods of measuring and selling them and their sizes in the markets.
Study of the properties of Iraqi woods and their comparison with foreign woods and what they can be used for
if they are scientifically dried.
Plywood and veneer wood, their composition and manufacturing methods. Their properties. Their advantages and disadvantages.
Their sizes and methods of sale.
The purposes for which they are used. Selection of woods for different purposes and what to observe when
receiving them. Study of types of putty and paint materials with oil, ester, deco, lacquer,
wax, varnish and wood preservatives. Their composition. Their properties and the purposes for which they are
used.
Study of the different types of joints used in carpentry and their places of use.
Metal pieces used to connect wood and strengthen joints or fastenings.
Simple hardware such as hinges, bolts, hooks, locks and handles and their places of
use and the materials they are made of.
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Forming simple ornaments and cornices and the tools ⟦that⟧ are used in that.
Third year, one session per week
Pieces that form furniture sets for the home. Industrial terms for parts of furniture
Furniture (bone heads. legs. pedestals. legs. beam. ornaments. cornices
secretaries. etc...) Various uses of known layered woods
by plywood or counter or blockboard. Use of veneer and methods of gluing and forming
different decorative and geometric shapes from it. Fillet. Marquetry. Parquetry. Methods
of forming and gluing them onto straight and curved surfaces. Illustrated with drawings.
Fourth year, one session per week
Mechanical machines for furniture carpentry. How to operate and use them in general.
Band saw, circular saw, and jigsaw. Planing, mortising, tenoning, and molding machines. Press
Veneer press. Plywood press. Manual and automatic lathes. Illustrated with drawings.
Rules governing designs for space and structural details. Simple units
and repetition, symmetry, balance, alternation, ramification, wavy line, and dropped units.
Fifth year, two sessions per week
Industrial installations for furniture pieces including sides and doors. And tops and drawers
and others. Straight and curved. And the installation of metal parts. Preparation of wood lists
and processing categories. A general historical overview of historical furniture styles. The style
Arabic, English and French illustrated with drawings.
Notes: - (1) The explanation should always be practical on models of tools or machines
or wood or furniture according to the lesson, whether in practice or in the laboratory.
(2) Students visit governmental and private factories, wood stores, exhibitions and museums
for general application to the work.
Ornaments:
Second year, one session per week
Rules governing designs for filling space and structural details. And geometric shapes
and natural ones used. Simple units. Repetition. Symmetry. Balance. Alternation.
Ramification. Wavy line. Etc...
Regular units, dropped units and inverted units, taking into account the lines of mass
External design. Design for different materials. Effect of colors on design.
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The students are given drawings illustrating the aforementioned points to copy them in pencil
and color what needs to be colored.
One class per week
History of Ornament - copy the styles with a simple explanation of their influence on each other
in the following arrangement:-
. Prehistoric . Ancient Egyptian . Assyrian . Greek . ⟦Roman⟧ .
Permian . Byzantine . Romanesque . Gothic . Renaissance . The era
Islamic, Ajam (Persian), Indian, Chinese, and Japanese.
Drawings of the previous styles are made, taking into account the materials from which the model
from which the drawing is copied, using colors as much as possible.
Third year
Two classes per week
Making measurements for works that have been made. Making measurements for works that are required to be made.
Measurements
Fifth year
Industrial Drawing
Follows the general curriculum of the industrial curriculum.
First year
Four classes per week
Theoretical drawing of various simple dry and fine carpentry works.
Drawing of different types of joints mentioned in the industrial science curriculum for the
second year. Sections of moldings used in fine carpentry at natural scale
and by engineering methods. Drawing of single, double, and composite wooden floors and showing
their specific details as well as the joints.
Second year
Four classes per week
Drawing of moldings, cornices, and details enlarged to natural size with projections
and sections. Drawing to scale of a simple furniture box and cabinet with projections <del>⟦illegible⟧</del>
and sections. Arabic and Roman calligraphy.
Third year
Six classes per week
Drawing to scale of simple furniture pieces and rooms copied from real models with projections
and sections. Also drawing sections at natural size showing industrial constructions.
Fourth year
Six classes per week
Fifth year
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Drawing a design from real models and historical and modern panels, including a bedroom,
living room, dining room, and office, with plans, sections, and details at natural size.
Laboratories
First Year
Filing Department
Twenty-one sessions per week
Filing: (four weeks) Turning in a simple explanation of the lathe, its parts, and ordinary and modern
scribing and measuring tools, and the number of cuts and their uses. Exercises
for turning round and tapered surfaces from the outside, as well as flat surfaces.
(Four weeks) Blacksmithing in an explanation of the anvils and their operation, tools and their uses,
and knowledge of the type of charcoal used in the anvils. Simple exercises in cutting, pulling,
pressing, bending, slotting, leveling, and straightening with a straight plumb and adjusting surfaces
to the angle.
(Twenty-two weeks) for a detailed explanation of the workbench, hand tools, and methods
of their use. Scribing and measuring operations and their applications. Various
diverse exercises for scribing, marking, cutting with an iron saw, rough filing,
fine filing, and adjusting surfaces with each other and to the angle. Executing
some shapes given to the student from different models.
Second Year
Twenty-one sessions per week
Exercises containing the following operations:-
Straight drilling. Countersinking. Tapping with male and female dies. Making grooves (slots),
straight and eccentric, with the use of a marking tool and making joints on them.
Bending sheet metal and simple cold riveting. This is based on given drawings
from various exercises suitable for their level.
Note: The student is given comprehensive tables of hand tools showing their names,
the metals they are made from, their uses, their ⟦specifications⟧ in the commercial market,
their approximate prices. Before starting an exercise, it must be drawn in a
notebook, and its explanation, purpose, tools, and hours required for its execution must be written.
Third Year
Twenty-five sessions per week
Making hand tools used in mechanical industries and others that are more
difficult than those made in the previous two years, based on drawings and various
exercises suitable for their level, and training the student on internal repairs
required for mechanical laboratories.