AI en Translation, Pages 276-300
Page 276
234
16th January, 1949.
COPY
D.E. Eskell, Esq.,
P.O.Box 134,
Royal Automobile Club,
Pall-Mall,
LONDON S.W.
Re: Sir Sassoon Eskell
Technical School
Dear Sir,
The Schools Committee have referred to this Council the Cor-
respondence exchanged between you and the Committee some time ago
last year, with regard to your wish to hand over to them Sir Sassoon
Eskell Technical School in Baghdad. We understand that the reluc-
tance of the Committee to carry on this correspondence was due to
the fact that the Committee's financial position precluded further
burdening by the running of a Technical School under the terms re-
ferred to in your letter dated July 18th, 1947. The Committee have
also brought to the notice of this council a copy of your letter
dated 15th August 1948, addressed to Monsieur Weill of Paris, re-
lating to the handing over of the Technical School's building to
serve for a secondary school.
The Council wishes to stress the dire need of this Community
for a Technical School of the kind envisaged by the late Sir Sassoon
Eskell. The conclusion arrived at unanimously was that everything
possible was to be made to realise this project, despite the fact
that the fund set for the purpose fell far short of the minimum req-
uirements. A special committee was therefore formed to submit a de-
tailed report on how this project could be put into operation with
the meagre resources placed at the disposal of the trustees.
In the meantime, and fearing that the prevailing high prices
and scarcity of equipment should render impossible the carrying out
of the project at present, the Council feels that it would serve the
Community and the testator's memory best to have the building serve
temporarily as a Secondary School until such time as will make it
possible to carry out the original project. We therefore wish to in-
vite your kind attention to the following proposals:
1- The Jewish community in Baghdad is willing to take over the
building of the School and the land next to it together with the fund
as per the terms laid by you in the letter referred to above, but the
Council prefers that, for obvious reasons, there would be no relation
of any kind between this project and any foreign institution such as
the Alliance Society or any other, and that everything relating to
this matter will be directly dealt with between your goodselves and
the Jewish Community in Baghdad.
2- As we are very anxious to see the project carried out as soon
as possible, we wish to stress on the term laid down by you in the
letter referred to above that in case we take over the School the com
munity would have the option of using the building as a Secondary
School or a Technical School as necessity and expediency should deter-
mine. This will enable us to start right now using the premises ⟦...⟧
134
16/1
Page 277
16th January, 1949.
- 2 -
Secondary School till the time comes when we are in a position
to carry out the project of a Technical School. The Jewish Com-
munity places great importance on the project of a Technical
School, but should it prove beyond our capacity to start it now,
we believe that this compromise would give us the greatest bene-
fit out of the present premises.
3- Once these proposals meet with your kind approval, as we
hope they will, a special committee will be formed to take over
the School under the terms referred to above.
We are anxiously awaiting your reply expressing agreement
with these proposals.
Assuring you of our best attention and cooperation and with
all due gratitude on behalf of the community we represent, we
are, dear Sir,
Yours faithfully,
⟦illegible⟧
VICE-PRESIDENT
JEWISH LAY COUNCIL
BAGHDAD
Copy to:-
The Jewish Schools Committee,
BAGHDAD.
Page 278
Members nominated for the School of Crafts Committee
1 - Menashi Qarahbin - Principal of College Michel
2 - Dawood Shlomo - Railway Employee
3 - Rubin Sassoon - Birmingham Graduate
4 - Dawood Hawky - (Son-in-law of Dr. Shalom) Specialist Engineer
5 - Salim Sofer - Birmingham Graduate
6 - Abdullah Ovadia - Graduate of American University of Beirut
7 - Ibrahim Shukarji - Robert College Graduate
8 - ⟦Sami Ibrahim Sayem⟧
9 - ⟦Ezra Menashi⟧
⟦line⟧
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
7/
8/
9/
⟦scribbles⟧
Page 279
226
1949/1/21
Department Copy
Dear Sirs,
David Shaa⟦s⟧
Sami Ibrahim Hayyim
Abdullah Obedia
Ezra Shm⟦al⟧
Menashe Louis
After greetings,
I am pleased to inform you that the Physical Council decided in its
twenty-ninth session held on January 20, 1949, to appoint you
a committee to study the issue of opening the Sir Sassoon Haskel School for Crafts from
both technical and financial aspects.
So I ask you to kindly proceed with this task, hoping
to submit a report to the Council at the earliest possible opportunity on the results of your study on this matter.
Please accept our utmost respect, with the Council's wishes for your
success and achievement.
Vice President
Copy to - Head of the Schools Committee
1/21
Materials needed by the blacksmith
1 - Iron anvil —————— Quantity 1 —————— Seven Dinars
2 - Iron vise —————— Quantity 1 —————— Five Dinars
3 - Iron forge —————— Quantity 1 —————— Four Dinars
4 - Iron hammers (various sizes) — Quantity 4 —————— Eight Dinars
5 - Iron tongs —————— Quantity 4 —————— Five Dinars
6 - Various iron files ————— Quantity 12 —————— Ten Dinars
7 - Manual iron shears ————— Quantity 1 —————— Five Dinars
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
<del>⟦illegible⟧</del>
7/
Total 44 Dinars
44 Dinars
⟦line⟧
Page 280
25
D 7
⟦11/539⟧ D
Correspondence Register
Headquarters of the Jewish Community
Baghdad
Incoming number ⟦...⟧
Date ⟦...⟧
Year ⟦...⟧
Subject ⟦...⟧
Dear Mr. ⟦...⟧
On the occasion of ⟦...⟧'s desire to establish an industrial school in Baghdad,
pursuant to Article 231 of the ⟦...⟧ Law of 1931, the Spiritual Council
in its session held on ⟦...⟧ approved the establishment of this school
under the name of ⟦...⟧ Industrial School.
The aforementioned school will be affiliated with the administration of the Jewish Community in Baghdad.
And it will be funded from the revenue of the endowments allocated for this purpose,
and according to the instructions issued by the Ministry of Education in this regard.
Therefore, this letter was written.
Head of the Jewish Community
⟦...⟧
19/1
Page 282
Department copy
229
1949/1/26
Committee of the School of Arts
After greetings,
Further to our letter no. 236 dated 21/1/1949.
You will find enclosed a copy of the letter dated January 24, 1949,
to His Excellency Ezra Menachem Daniel regarding the School of Arts for the late Sir
Sassoon Heskel, for your kind review of its contents, due to its relevance to your esteemed committee.
Please accept our respect;
⟦illegible⟧
1/26
⟦signature⟧
Vice President
Abboud Effendi
This letter is sent to
Professor Abdel Aziz Barakat
Also, a copy of communications is sent
A copy to the Committee of the School of Arts to
The head of the Schools Committee for information
Professor Abdel Aziz Barakat
⟦signature⟧
1/26
1/5
Page 283
Number
31 / 1 / 11 Dr
Financial Registration
Presidency of the Jewish Community
Subject /
Jan 10, 1931 in your letter numbered 266 and dated Jan 17, 1931
Including a request to provide you with a list of names of employees as of January 31, 1931
We attach herewith a list of the names of the employees belonging to the Presidency of the Jewish Community
Hoping you will kindly review it and inform us if there are any notes regarding it.
Please accept our highest respect
President of the Jewish Community
To Mister
President of the Jewish Community
Please provide us with a list
of employee names as of 31
January 31 AD
with a statement of their salaries
for the purpose of auditing them
With appreciation
⟦illegible⟧
25 / 1
Page 284
Curriculum
for Official Industrial Schools (Five-Year System)
Subject | First Year Number of Sessions per Week | Second Year Number of Sessions per Week | Third Year Number of Sessions per Week | Fourth Year Number of Sessions per Week | Fifth Year Number of Sessions per Week
1 - Religion | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1
2 - Arabic Language | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2
3 - English Language | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3
4 - Mathematics | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3
5 - Bookkeeping and Correspondence | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2
6 - Natural and Electrical Sciences | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3
7 - Mechanics and Material Strength | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1
8 - Industrial Sciences (Technology) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2
9 - Machines and Engines (Prime Movers) | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2
10 - Electricity Subject (for Mechanical Departments) | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1
11 - Industrial Drawing | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6
12 - Engineering Drawing | 2 | 2 | — | — | —
Total | 21 | 21 | 21 | 24 | 24
Practical Study | 21 | 21 | 25 | 28 | 28
Total Weekly Study Hours | 42 | 42 | 46 | 52 | 52
Page 285
Curriculum
Five-year Industrial Study
Firstly - Religion
First year | one hour per week | }
Second year | one hour per week | }
Third year | one hour per week | }
Fourth year | two hours per week | (Expansion of the third-year curriculum with moral information)
Secondly - Arabic Language
First year | three hours per week
One hour for grammar and application | Middle School curriculum
One hour for reading and memorization |
Reading - Students read no less than fifty pages from the textbooks prescribed for middle schools.
Memorization - Students memorize no less than forty lines of good poetry on appropriate topics and no less than four passages of good prose, provided that their lines are no less than thirty lines.
One hour for composition - Students write no less than six topics during the year, provided that they are derived from industrial and scientific life, and special attention is paid to demonstrating the advantages of work and freelancing.
Second year | three hours per week
One hour for grammar and application | Middle School curriculum
One hour for reading and memorization |
Reading - Continue reading in the textbooks prescribed for middle school, no less than fifty pages.
Memorization - Students memorize no less than forty lines of good poetry and no less than thirty lines of appropriate prose.
One hour for composition and recitation - 1- Students practice treating simple topics improvisationally, provided that they are derived from students' school life.
2- Students write no less than five topics per year, provided that they are more precise and broader than the previous year, and special attention is paid to the importance of industrial education and the impact of industry on community life.
List of Materials and Tools
(Maternity Hospital Preparation) List for various hospital departments
Material Statement | First Floor Department - Required equipment with notes | Second Floor Department - Required equipment with notes | Third Floor Department - Required equipment with notes | Department Wards - Required equipment with notes | Dining Hall
1- White fabric | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1
2- White nurse's shirt | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2
3- Blue nurse's shirt | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2
4- White nurse's skirt | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3
5- Blue nurse's skirt | — | — | — | — | —
6- White nurse's head cover | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2
7- White nurse's apron | — | — | — | — | —
8- Nurse's shirt (for hospital) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2
9- Nurse's shirt (for kitchen) | — | — | — | — | —
10- Nurse's shirt (for laundry) | — | — | — | — | —
11- White nurse's gown | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3
12- Blue nurse's gown | 2 | 2 | — | — | —
Total | 17 | 17 | 71 | 31 | 31
Total number of pieces | 17 | 17 | 52 | 86 | 86
Total number of all required pieces | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73
Page 286
- 2 -
Third Year
Two hours per week
Two hours for composition and recitation: 1 - Students deal improvisationally with industrial topics
more comprehensive than the previous year, provided that students ensure accuracy
in expression and adherence to the purely objective aspect.
2 - Students write no less than five topics, paying attention
especially to the impact of craftsmanship on the worker's progress and in writing
letters to shops or factories.
Page 287
- 2 -
Final Exam Questions
Third Year
1 - What are the tasks performed by the mechanic in the repair shop
And what are the tools he uses in his work? Mention five of them
* And what precautions should be taken when using them?
2 - Mention the names of five types of files used by the mechanic
And indicate in what case each one is used and how it is cleaned
* And what oils are used to lubricate machines?
Page 288
- 4 -
Fourth - Mathematics
First Year | Four hours per week
Geometry | Middle school curriculum.
Arithmetic | Training students in mental arithmetic. Mixing and blending. Problems on areas of triangles, quadrilaterals, and regular polygons. Circumference and area of a circle applying given formulas to students. Areas and volumes of prisms and cylinders. Square root. Cube root. Exercises on Pythagoras' theorem. Area of a triangle given its sides. Areas and volumes of pyramids, cones, spheres, and tori from given rules. Areas and volumes of regular and irregular, complete and incomplete bodies.
Principles of Algebra | Use of letters, signs, and coefficients in ⟦functions⟧, exponents, negative quantities, and the rule of ⟦signs⟧ in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and the rule of exponents in multiplication and division. Algebraic terms and like terms and their reduction. Reduction of fractions whose numerator and denominator contain only one term. Use of parentheses and common factors, and their introduction and removal.
Second Year | Three hours per week.
Geometry | Middle school curriculum.
Arithmetic and Principles of Algebra | Graphing. Coordinate axes and the origin and how to define a point on their plane. Representing a statistical table with a straight or broken line graph. Reading the graph and inferring information from it. Substituting letters with numbers in algebraic terms and problems on them. Examples and problems that lead to first-degree simultaneous equations in their solution. Factoring second-degree algebraic expressions into two factors in simple cases. Simple second-degree equations and practical applications thereof. Solving second-degree equations in real roots.
Third Year | Two hours per week
| Ratio and proportion and various problems on them. Examples in proportion
Page 289
- 5 -
It includes converting different measurements such as meters and yards to each
other. Proportional division. Companies. Simple profit
and compound. Various problems on them. Algebraic equations that are more
difficult than the previous year.
General practical problems on levers. Density and specific weight
of liquids. Archimedes' principle. Coefficient of linear expansion,
surface and volumetric.
Problems on thermometers and barometers.
Uniform speed and average speed.
Fourth Year
Two hours per week
Surd roots. Solving some equations on them.
Research on logarithms and its application with various practical examples.
Triangles. Definition of trigonometric ratios, their properties, and their relation to each
other. Extracting trigonometric ratios from mathematical tables.
Simple trigonometric equations. Solving right-angled triangles
and its use in practical problems.
Fifth - Bookkeeping and Cost
Accounting (Estimates)
Fourth Year
General -
Two hours per week
Definition of bookkeeping and its purpose. Theory of debit and credit
(double entry).
Types of accounts. Types of ledgers. Daily ledger. Original
Daily ledger, its conditions, and how to record in it. Various simple exercises
on operations related to industry.
General ledger and its function, and how to post from the daily ledger to balance
accounts, creating a trial balance.
Cost accounting for industrial products in simple cases. Creating
operating, profit and loss accounts, and creating a simple balance sheet.
Commercial letters. Card. How to take copies of outgoing letters
in the copy book and with carbon. And the use of files
and dockets for incoming letters and copies of outgoing letters.
Account statements. Money order. Check. Promissory note
and bearer bond. Bill of exchange. Receipts. Industrial advances.
Saving and investment. Raw materials. Methods
Page 290
- 6 -
Internal transportation. Advertising. Its importance and most famous
means.
Two hours a week
Fifth year
For the mechanical and automotive branch 1 - A brief overview of estimations and their purpose. Forms
and notebooks used for that. Statement of ratios and methods leading
to making correct and organized estimations.
2 - Examples and practical applications for calculating costs and for making
estimations and calculating them for operation, adjustment, and installation, provided that they are
consistent and coordinated in the industrial sciences curriculum (technology)
for the fourth and fifth years, and that their suitability to the level of
the studying students is taken into account, especially regarding the enumeration of raw material costs
and wages of workers, machines, administrative expenses, and profit.
Fifth year
Commercial Department -
1 - A brief overview of cost accounting and estimations and their purpose.
Forms and notebooks used in operating offices
and raw material and manufactured goods stores. How to use them and their benefits.
2 - Applied examples including raw material items, costs, and profits
making estimations for simple completed works and making estimations
for works requested to be made.
Fifth year
Electrical Department -
1 - A brief overview of cost accounting and estimations and their purpose.
Forms and notebooks used for that. Statement of
ratios and methods leading to making correct and organized estimations.
2 - Making estimations for connecting electrical power inside buildings
and facilities (residences, factories, stores).
3 - Making estimations for manufacturing and repairing electrical appliances such as motors, generators,
items of the natural sciences and mechanics curriculum ⟦lighting⟧ ⟦and others⟧
Sixth - Natural Sciences
First year
Two hours a week
Units and measurements. Properties and states of matter. Primary
definitions of general natural sciences. Levers and weights. Law
Page 291
- 7 -
Lever law. Types of levers. General applications of levers - finding
weight by means of a lever. Simple balance - steelyard
and helical balances. Density and specific gravity. Relationship between volume and weight
and density with each other. Finding the specific gravity of liquids
and small bodies using a specific gravity bottle. Liquids
their general properties. Pressure in liquids at different depths and in all
directions. Pascal's law and Bramah's press. Communicating vessels
(fluid equilibrium). Finding specific gravity by means of a U-tube
(). Springs, fountains, and siphons
Archimedes' principle. Extracting the density and specific gravity of bodies
by Archimedes' principle. Law of floating bodies
Hydrometers (normal and Nicholson's) their benefits and how to use them
Torricelli's experiment. Ordinary barometer. Manometers briefly.
Gas pressure measuring devices. Suction and force pumps
and air chamber pumps.
Second year
Chemistry -
Three hours per week
Element. Atomic structure of materials. Atom. Molecule.
Compound. Solutions. Chemical symbol. Chemical law
Air. Its components. Oxygen. Its preparation, properties, and industrial
uses. Hydrogen. Its preparation, properties, and industrial
uses. Water. Hard water. Chemical and mechanical water purification.
Heating materials in air and in vacuum. Humidity
of the air and its effect on different materials (metals, leather, wood
and other compounds). Humidifiers (hygrometers). Daniel's hygrometer.
Physics -
Heat. Temperature. Thermometers (Celsius, Fahrenheit
and maximum-minimum). Relationship between Celsius, Fahrenheit
and absolute temperatures with each other. Heat transfer. Expansion
of solids, liquids, and gases with increasing temperature.
Specific heat. Latent heat of fusion and vaporization. Relationship
of pressure to boiling.
In electricity and magnetism, the meaning of magnetism. Permanent and temporary magnets. Magnetic poles.
Magnetic field. Earth's magnetism.
Page 292
- 8 -
Compass. Methods of magnetization. Magnetic theory. Meaning of
electricity. <del>Charging</del> Negative and positive charges. Conducting and insulating bodies.
Leaf electroscope. Distribution of charges on
bodies. Lightning rod. Induction and conduction electricity. Idea
about <del>electrical fields</del> electrical fields. Electronic theory to explain
the electrical phenomenon. Electrophorus. Simple idea about electric cells
(Volta. Dry. Leclanché) in terms of composition,
benefit and chemical reactions. Electric current. Its definition.
And its direction. Magnetic effect of electric current. A simple idea
about capacitors. Definition of volt, ampere, and ohm after explaining
electromotive force, current intensity, and electrical resistance briefly.
Ohm's law. Series and parallel connection for both resistors
and cells. Secondary batteries ( )
Two hours a week
and insulating
Third Year
Carbon. Its properties. Its different forms. Distillation of coal and wood.
And the benefits of its industrial products. Carbon dioxide. Its preparation
and properties and benefits. Carbon monoxide. Its preparation and properties
and benefits. The important differences between carbon dioxide and monoxide.
Oil. Its existence. Extraction. Refining. Acetylene
Metals and nonmetals. The effect of air oxygen on metals and the removal of
their luster and how to remove this effect. Acids. Their characteristics and most important
reactions with metals. Bases. Their characteristics, their neutralization with
acids. Sodium carbonate. Its preparation and benefits.
Borax. Its preparation and use in industry. Iron
Its existence, characteristics. Extraction. Chemistry of blast furnaces.
Zinc. Its existence. Characteristics. Extraction. Aluminum. Its existence.
Characteristics. Extraction. Lead. Its existence. Characteristics. Extraction.
Page 293
9
<del>⟦12⟧</del>
Copper - its existence. Its advantages. Its extraction. Electroplating
with copper and silver. Tin. Its existence. Its advantages.
Its extraction. Sulfur. Its existence. Its advantages. Its conditions. Its industrial
benefits. Mercury. Its existence. Its advantages. Amalgams. Silicon
and silica (silicon dioxide). Cement. Concrete
ordinary and reinforced. Clay. Pottery mortar.
Mechanics
Second Year
Two hours per week
Motion. Velocity and acceleration. Newton's laws. Units of angular
circular. Circular motion. Angular velocity. Angular
acceleration. Mass and terrestrial gravity. Force. Unit of forces
Triangle and polygon of forces. Forces in a single plane and acting
at one point or at several points. Resultant of forces in all
previous cases. Equation. Applied examples. Moment of forces.
Couple. Couple moment. Center of gravity of regular simple bodies
and surfaces. Equilibrium. Its types with tangible examples. Binding forces
and centrifugal forces.
Third Year
One hour per week
Momentum. Impulse. Elastic and inelastic collision. Friction.
Coefficient of friction on a flat and inclined surface. Energy. Its types
in brief. (Potential energy, kinetic energy). Work.
Power (their units). Elasticity. Elasticity of tension and bending
and cutting and compression. Elastic energy. (Practical applied examples
for all previous cases.
Seventh - Engineering Drawing
First Year
Two hours per week
1 - Engineering drawing for all industries
Page 294
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Introduction. Explanation of drawing tools and their use. Explanation of measurement tools
and their French and English units. Basic principles and geometric definitions
Point. Line. Surface. Body. Angle. Geometric shape
Drawing some simple geometric operations. Bisecting straight lines
and angles and arcs. Erecting and dropping a perpendicular onto a known line from
a given point. Drawing a line parallel to another.
Drawing simple geometric shapes. Circle. Square.
Rectangle. Rhombus. Parallelogram. Triangle. Drawing important geometric operations
with respect to the following:
Angles. Triangles. Circles passing through the vertices of the triangle. Circles
tangent to the sides of the triangle from the inside and outside. Regular polygons
(from the square to the dodecagon). Inscribed and circumscribed circles for regular
polygons. Tangents to circles and common tangents to two circles. Tangency of circles with lines.
Tangent circles.
Note. It is necessary to refer to important geometric theorems
and deduce them from geometric drawing operations.
Second Year
Two hours per week
Conic sections and their important properties and how to draw the ellipse,
parabola, and hyperbola using the common method.
Drawing projections of regular solids, which are: (Cube.
Cuboid. Pyramids. Cylinder and Cone
in inclined positions in space).
Cutting the aforementioned solids with planes perpendicular to
two planes or one plane of the projection planes and drawing their projections
then finding the true shapes of those sections.
Drawing the geometric perspective at 30° 45° for the aforementioned
geometric solids in different cases.
P
--- 24 ---
Wall construction. Foundation excavation. Soil transportation. Concrete pouring. Gravel compaction.
Brick laying. Roof pouring. Roof construction. Roof waterproofing with asphalt, felt, and soil.
Plastering. Wall painting. Door painting. Glass installation. Iron painting.
Window installation. Door installation. Stair pouring. Railing installation. Sink installation.
Electricity setup. Water setup. (Sink, toilet, and drain installation) Sewer extension.
Electrical cable laying. Lamp installation. Switch and socket installation.
First Stage
----------------
In the first year
Maintenance and operation staff duties
Generator and electricity inspection. Generator cleaning and maintenance. Generator lubrication and greasing. Battery inspection.
Distribution board inspection. Cable inspection. Electrical point and socket inspection. Lighting inspection.
Water and fuel pump inspection. Tank inspection. Water and fuel filter cleaning. Pipe inspection.
Cooling, heating, and ventilation system inspection and maintenance. Firefighting and alarm system inspection and maintenance.
Furniture and seating maintenance and repair. Door, window, lock, and glass maintenance and repair.
Plumbing and sewage inspection. Gutter cleaning. Upper tank inspection. Square and garden cleaning.
Elevator and escalator inspection and maintenance. Communication device inspection and maintenance. Camera inspection and maintenance.
Computer and peripheral inspection and maintenance. Laboratory inspection and maintenance. Workshop and laboratory inspection and maintenance.
Audio and cinema equipment inspection and maintenance.
In the second year
Maintenance and operation staff duties
Roof maintenance. Wall and floor restoration. Building painting. Sanitary facility maintenance.
Sewer wiring. Tank cleaning. Pesticide spraying and insect and rodent control. Garden maintenance.
Crop irrigation. (Central cooling and heating system inspection and maintenance). Generator maintenance.
Electrical transformer and main panel inspection and maintenance. (Elevator inspection and maintenance) in the building.
Telecommunication and exchange system inspection and maintenance. Photocopying and computer equipment inspection and maintenance.
Laboratory and workshop equipment inspection and maintenance.
Building laboratories and workshops - for the stage
--------------------------------
In the third year
Maintenance and operation staff duties
Equipping laboratories and workshops with equipment and devices - 1
Page 295
- 11 -
Drawing of developments of simple complete and truncated geometric bodies.
Drawing of projections of intersecting surfaces of bodies in the following cases in the simplest positions
which are:
a - Right cylinder with a right cylinder
b - Right cylinder with a right cone
c - Right cylinder with a right pyramid
d - Right cylinder with a right prism
Secondly - Industrial Drawing (Mechanical Section)
First Year | Four hours per week |
| Proportional drawing of lines. Explanation and drawing of ordinary scales |
| and grid (limited to metric measurement) Explanation of points, projections and levels |
| of projection. Projection of the geometric point to determine its position in space. |
| Projection of a straight line in different positions and finding its true length and its effect |
| on all projection planes. Projection of flat geometric shapes in |
| space. |
| Drawing of projections of regular upright bodies, which are (cube, cuboid |
| and prisms, pyramids, cylinder, cone and sphere) in simple positions |
| in space. |
| Explanation and drawing of the geometric perspective on 30 5 45 and applying that to bodies |
| mentioned previously. |
| Drawing of projections of some simple bodies from a geometric perspective that is consistent |
| with the student's industry. |
| Creating simple bodies and others with straight and conical holes without |
| using drawing tools and executing sketches on drawing boards for projections |
| of these bodies. |
Second Year | Four hours per week |
| 1- Making freehand sketches from wooden or natural models with the use of |
| measuring tools for simple bodies suitable to be machine parts, and that |
Page 296
- 12 -
For the three views ⟦of the word⟧. Simple bracket. Connecting rod.
Cylindrical bush and flanged bush, etc...
2- Executing some of the previous sketches on drawing boards.
3- Drawing common types of rivets, threads, and nuts.
Ordinary and lock nuts, and one type of wrenches with their dimensions
on drawing boards. And drawing square and triangular threads and showing
a cut for two steps of the square thread. Types of keys.
4- Making freehand sketches from wooden or natural models with
using measuring tools for more difficult mechanical parts than the previous ones
such as an axle bearing base. A simple single drum body from one piece.
End of a connecting rod. A simple piston. Simple shaft coupling,
etc...
5- Executing some of the previous sketches on drawing boards.
6- Drawing the three views of the previous mechanical parts from a drawn perspective
on a sketch.
Third Year
Four sessions per week
1- Cycloidal curves - drawing gear teeth from a spur gear using the previous curves.
2- Making freehand sketches from models or natural pieces of parts
more difficult than those given in the second year, using measuring tools
such as an axle bearing. The big end of connecting rods with inserts
and keys. A machine vice. A safety valve with a lever. A piston
with a core. A hanging chair bracket in the ceiling. A shaft coupling with
discs. A stopper. A spherical feed valve turned. A simple double drum body with a boss.
A bevel gear and another spur gear,
etc...
3- Executing the previous sketches on drawing boards in views
and sections.
4- Drawing the three views of mechanical parts from a sketch
on the drawing boards.
Fourth Year
Six sessions per week
1- Drawing mechanical parts on boards from a sketch
in views and sections: spring-loaded safety valve. Simple regulator.
Complete double drum. And a sprayer screen.
Page 297
- 13 -
for a diesel or semi-diesel engine. A two-stroke diesel or semi-diesel engine cylinder. A cylinder with a liner for a gasoline engine. A steam chest with a simple slide valve or a piston valve. Complete eccentric. A single-throw crank with balance weights. A ball bearing seat, an air valve for an internal combustion engine. A movable tailstock. A lathe tracer. A two-bit drill. Horizontal internal combustion engine beds.
2- Copy a simple plate from the aforementioned plates and design it on transparent paper
or transparent cloth.
Fifth Year
Six classes per week
1- Drawing the following mechanical parts on plates in projections and sections, drawing them
for workshop implementation, individually or assembled, from prepared examples, with surface designation
of operation:-
Piston for a diesel engine, starting valve, diesel cylinder head, fuel pump
for a diesel engine, a governor with balls, a fixed tailstock for a lathe, drawing
welding bolt, drawing a lathe carriage, an American chuck for a three-jaw lathe,
assembly drawing of a piston air pump.
2- Using ink in drawing work for one of the previously mentioned plates on transparent paper
or transparent cloth.
Ninth. Industrial Sciences (Mechanical Department)
First Year
Two classes per week
1- Common metals and their uses (cast iron. wrought iron.
mild steel. carbon steel. red copper. tin. zinc.
lead. aluminum).
Differentiating between metals practically in the school labs. by scratching, oxidation,
filing, drilling, hammering, resonance, and sparking.
2- A brief explanation of the extraction of cast iron, iron, and steel from ⟦the raw material⟧ and mentioning
the furnaces used briefly and a simple schematic drawing of them.
3- Properties of the following metals in terms of specific gravity, melting point,
malleability, ductility, and thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as aspects
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The use of each of the following metals:
Iron. Copper. Lead. Tin. Aluminum.
4- Common metal alloys. Their compositions and mixing ratios
in brief and their uses, which are:
Brass. Machine part bronze. Bell bronze. White metal alloys
for lining bearings and connecting rods. Soldering tin. Aircraft aluminum.
Car pistons.
5- Heat treatment and cooling of metals and the resulting changes in
their properties by performing the following operations:
Hardening. Annealing. Tempering. Coating. And careful attention to color indication
at different stages when performing the tempering process.
One lesson per week.
Second Year
For filing and turning. And blacksmithing. And electricity.
1- Explain the methods of mechanical power transmission in operating machines and enumerate in general
2- The following means of power transmission:
a- Pulleys (discs) their shapes, simplest forms, and different grooves
and methods of their installation.
Fixed, free, and stepped. Their purpose and the materials they are made of.
b- Gears (cogwheels) straight, conical, helical, and sprockets
made from them and their uses.
c- Belts and the materials they are made of and their specifications in the commercial market
and their approximate prices and methods of joining and welding them.
3- Detailed description of the following devices: a simple lathe for turning metals
simple drills. Grinding stone machine for sharpening cutting tools. Detailed description
of a modern blacksmith's forge and explanation of blacksmith welding operations for types of iron and welding
with tin. And welding with copper, silver, and oxy-acetylene. Electric welding.
One lesson per week
Third Year
For filing.
1- Power transmission in gear engagements used in workshop machines.
a- Gear engagements with articulated keyways
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b - Sliding gear train engagements.
c - Norton engagement.
1 - Types of keys and their uses
2 - Bearing blocks.
a - With shells. b - With ball ⟦bearings⟧. c - With rollers.
4 - Shaft couplings.
a - Disc coupling. b - Sleeve coupling. c - Flexible coupling.
d - Articulated coupling.
5 - a - Lubricants and greases and their uses. b - Common greasers
and oilers.
6 - Workshop drive shafts, their diameters for specific loads (table only given)
Appropriate dimensions between bearing blocks.
7 - Different methods for supporting bearing blocks.
8 - a - Threads and their types and cutting methods. b - Springs and their types, material
and use.
9 - Types of grinders:
a - Manual grinders and their uses b - Grinding wheels and methods of
operation.
10 - Power transmission in gear engagements used in workshop machines.
a - Articulated key gear engagement.
b - Sliding gear train engagement.
c - Norton engagement
for turning
2 - Lathe tools
a - Angles of various lathe tools. b - Types of metals for lathe
tools and their chemical composition and hardening methods. These are carbon steel
air steel "Stellite".
3 - a - Different types of threads and their cutting methods. b - Thread calculation
and lead screws. c - Cutting French threads on an English lathe and vice versa.
d - Using tables to cut threads on different lathes.
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4 - Different methods of turning flat surfaces.
5 - Methods of turning cylinders from the inside.
For blacksmiths
1 - Explanation of iron types and properties of each type. And its uses in industry
with samples of different iron sections to differentiate between them.
2 - Explanation of the effect of carbon and other foreign materials such as silicon and manganese
and phosphorus and sulfur on the properties of iron in terms of its quality and its workability
in cold and hot conditions.
3 - Explanation of steel types, composition, properties, and uses.
4 - Effect of carbon, chromium, nickel, cobalt, wolfram (tungsten),
and vanadium on steel properties in terms of quality, hardness, elasticity, and its endurance
to different stresses concisely.
5 - Drawing iron and steel by rolling machines into various grooves and sections
etc....
6 - Manufacture and drawing of pipes concisely.
7 - Riveting and its types. Manual and automatic riveting operations. Air pressure machine
for riveting and important rivet joints (no calculations given).
8 - Hardening, tempering, and annealing in a broader scope than studied in the second year.
9 - Knowing the temperature of heated iron or steel by simply looking at
its color. Common temperature measuring devices for furnaces.
Electricity
One class per week.
1 - Mutual induction and methods of generating induced current.
2 - Self-induction and the difference between it and mutual induction.
3 - Methods of determining the direction of the induced current in a wire that cuts magnetic field lines
perpendicularly.
4 - The electromotive force generated in a coil of wire in the form of a
rectangle rotating in the center of a magnetic field, with its ends connected to two copper
rings. Drawing the curve that shows the relationship between the magnitude of the generated
electromotive force and the movement of the coil. And proving that the current taken from this coil is an
alternating current.