AI en Translation, Pages 101-125
Page 101
In the social life of the town, they follow the example of the English, whose number is between 300 and 500, and they alone
have an ambassador. Moreover, the English constitute nearly half of the professors and lecturers in the Medical College, and to them
goes the credit for establishing most of the educational systems. However, the Arab national circles always strive for liberation from
the mandate and influence of the English.
As for the German community, whose members live gathered around the legation, it contains approximately fifty people,
and this number includes a number of Austrians and Jews. In terms of numbers, it is the second
self-contained foreign community. Before the war, when there was a German school in Baghdad, the number of Germans was much
higher.
As for artistic life, such as music concerts, acting, and meetings, it is non-existent. As for the German foreigners,
they have their own meetings and banquets.
And here, the German legation, headed by Dr. Grobba at the head of the National Socialist bloc
of Germans, we find the point of reliance for this bloc in Dr. Jordan, the specialist in ancient archaeology,
who now manages the Iraqi Museum and seeks to establish a social life among the members of the community. And in every
month, approximately, an evening party is held for winter relief, in which every German is required to provide financial
or technical assistance for this purpose. Although the number of Germans is small in this country, their influence is great and is in
constant increase thanks to the efforts exerted by the German Minister Plenipotentiary, who is very well-liked by everyone. In this
country, the New Germany finds special sympathy, and among the motives for this sympathy is that its total persecution of the Jews
is not at the back. In Iraq, there is also a Jewish problem, and although it is not as intense as it is in Palestine,
the Jews constitute a third of the population in Baghdad and they play the main role in trade and the stock exchange. These
and other reasons, some religious and some political, have led to the severe tension existing between the Arab national circles
and the Jews. This aversion between the two parties is to our benefit as Germans and undoubtedly also facilitates my work
here, as it is not easy for the Jews here to spread propaganda against the Germans.
I teach at the secondary school for boys, which is somewhat equivalent to the German secondary school, and the lady
who preceded me in this field started last year with a class consisting of seven students, among them four
Muslims, two Jews, and one Christian. I am continuing my work in this class, and I have also started a new class
for German studies consisting of fourteen students. However, since freedom was given to the students to choose between
French and German, and since the French language has been taught here for a long time and the Jewish students tend
without exception toward French, you find the demand for the German language to be low. My wife teaches four
hours a week of the German language in the girls' school, and this class contains twenty female students, among them seven
Jewish girls.
As a preliminary means for teaching, I made use of the English language, which the students know as a second school
language, but at the first available opportunity, I will strive to translate simple phrases into the German language. As for the
advanced class, I speak nothing but German, and from time to time we sing a German folk song, and this is what
Page 102
- 2 -
It brings joy to the hearts of the students, even though as Easterners they have absolutely no ear or feeling for Western music.
It has required great effort to train them on the simplest melodies, and there is no piano in my school, so the students
cannot understand the tones perfectly on the harmonium. The students in the secondary school range in age
between seventeen and twenty years, but in intellectual matters they are much less stable than German youth
of the same age. Add to that, they are not accustomed to discipline, and in general, the German
language is not easy for them, but most of them study it with great desire and longing. They always urge me
to tell them something about Hitler and the modern German Reich, and they constantly declare that they need a
great, sincere man like Hitler to lead their country, and they wish that this leader were allowed to visit their country to see with his own eyes
the great reception that would be held for his person.
Furthermore, I teach German for two hours a week at the English Aviation School in
Hinaidi, which is eight kilometers from Baghdad, and I also give some private lessons, for example, three
lessons a week to the doctors of the Royal Hospital in Baghdad, and one lesson to the Director General of Education and to some
teachers and employees of the Ministry of Education. These last lessons give me the opportunity to speak to my students
about refinement, art, and the economic situation in Germany, as well as about new ideas in education. Unfortunately,
we do not have research on this subject in a simple language that can be used for this purpose, and for this reason I am forced
to translate some pieces from simple German or adapt small pieces myself, and for this purpose I use
works aimed at national political refinement, such as the works of Krieck. Here too, I have succeeded brilliantly
by using German national songs, which always bring joy and activity to the lesson.
This work of mine forces me daily to ride horse-drawn carriages, which are the main means
of transportation in the town. I also give private lessons in my home, and my relations with the Director General of Education
and the director of the hospital facilitate my mixing and acquaintance with Iraqis of various classes, and this is what
brings me the intended benefit from my work.
Baghdad is one of the hottest cities in the world during the summer season, but now the weather is very cold, but we prefer it to
the scorching heat of summer. All of this we endure with great joy out of love for the national service we perform here.
We endure living in this foreign Eastern town so that we can serve our homeland.
Page 103
13 Muharram 1354 and
16 April 935
To His Excellency the Honorable Minister of Interior
Greetings and respect
I present to Your Excellency issue No. 181 of Al-Hidaya newspaper issued on 9 Muharram 1354
And I hope to draw Your Excellency's attention to the marked paragraph on page 11 of it,
Sassoon
Head of the Community
Page 104
28/6
H 3061 on 6/1
369 N for the year 31
The Honorable Head of the Jewish Community
Health Administration
3061 on 9/1/31 We are sending you herewith medical certificate No. 181 regarding the young man Shafiq
Ibrahim Al-⟦...⟧ to be examined by the Appeal Committee and to inform us of the result as soon as possible
On behalf of
Governor of Baghdad Province
Page 105
3 ﴿ Guidance ﴾
Enjoying the pleasures of the world and its physical and psychological desires, and whoever
is like that, in following his lustful pleasures, becomes lower than
beasts, and in following his whims, more predatory and intense than wild animals,
plotting against one another, and preying on one another, nothing deterring them
from that except inability. They have deceived themselves with material civilization,
and human sciences and arts, saying they are what overflow the spirit of perfection upon
man if he does not believe in resurrection, recompense, accounting, and punishment,
and they said that civilization is what prevents man from injustice, killing,
and cheating, and prepares people to ascend to the peak of happiness, but these
wars that occurred between those civilized nations and that
blood that was shed and is being shed, and those hellish preparations
that leave nothing and spare nothing, and the use of all that those nations possess of
science, art, industry, and politics for the destruction of mankind and the undermining of the pillars
of humanity, refute those sayings that civilization is the guarantor
of serving mankind, and if those who held the reins of affairs in those
governments believed in spiritual civilization, they would not have gone to such extremes in tyranny.
The nations that followed the path of religion did not stir up war except in self-
defense and to establish truth, justice, and equality in rights between
classes of creation.
And just as religion set limits for the strong that they should not exceed,
it motivated weak souls to use the powers instilled in them,
and alerted the idle mind to reap the fruits that the Creator enabled it
to have and which He subjected for it and its benefit, for religion: (alerts the mind,
organizes the will, repels aggression, and stops tyranny, for it is
the greatest mercy for man).
And through the influence of religion, the discipline of families, tribes, and groups was completed,
just as it has provided virtue and morals with immense power, because it established the bonds
of individuals, the home, and life, and maintained the balance between groups and individuals,
and helped strengthen national feeling.
The influence of religion on morals is an obvious matter; no one can deny its authority
over hearts, and its influence on souls, and it has promised its people abundant good
and great favor if they follow its commands and avoid its prohibitions.
So whoever believes in what the messengers brought finds a guardian over himself in his solitudes,
that He rewards him if he obeys Him and punishes him if he disobeys Him, so he approaches acts of obedience
secretly and openly, and turns away from forbidden things in his solitude and his societies,
therefore Umar ibn al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, said: He who is not disciplined by the Law,
may God not discipline him. .
(By my life, if we assumed that the idea of belief in an eternal God is a poetic
imagination, or a set theory as the materialists claim, it would be the most wonderful
of imaginations and theories devised by the wise, so how if
it is a current reality whose permanence is spoken of by all beings from
the smallest atom to the largest orbiting sphere. Indeed, the belief in the existence
of God gives the greatest solace to humans and links them to a high unseen power
that supports them in weakness and inspires in their souls the realization of the desired hope,
just as it is one of the most successful means to ward off from them the dangers of despair and despondency
and the weight of calamities and disasters, as they resort during the intensification of crises
to their Creator, so they either escape their woes rejoicing or surrender
to the fates contentedly. Above all that, belief in God connects
the branch to the root, gathers the scattered, and inspires in the soul calmness
and tranquility. As for the atheist, his soul has no connection to the eternal universal existence,
so in his own eyes he is most like a bouquet of flowers uprooted from the earth,
no time passes over it but it withers and is cast out and its
trace vanishes from existence. The atheist is contemptible in his own eyes, so how can he not be
in the eyes of others more contemptible and lower. This, and belief in God is the greatest means
for refining the soul and promoting the inherent personal talents in man.
Page 106
5 (The Guidance) Master of Mankind
And it is his migration ...
Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him
Time is a polished page, filled with events and marked by the brand of
actions; for without them, its parts would be identical and its sections similar.
And if the stars revolve around each other or themselves,
and look out into their orbits to shape the seasons and set limits for times,
that does not concern us except from the aspect of changing seasons and the impact of effects.
Were it not for great deeds and major events, time would have no meaning,
nor would changing the numbers of years have significance; for yesterday is like today, and tomorrow is like the day
after it, unless Allah wills the occurrence of an event to which time pays attention and whose
affair history cares for.
And if it is permissible for temporal changes to have an effect on those lying
under the slate and dust among the dead who do not care whether a year has passed,
or a year has begun, or days have changed, it would be permissible for us to say an old year
has passed, and a new year has dawned.
But alas! For the dead, it is all the same: the hour they died and thousands of years
after they were buried until the day they are resurrected.
Yesterday's sun set and today's sun rose, yet we found nothing missing,
nor did we witness what is not perceived and witnessed, nor did we wake up to the sound of
a shackle breaking, or a palace cracking, or an oppressed person being victorious, or a humiliated person
becoming mighty, thus taking revenge and gaining power.
And people today are as they were yesterday: eating, drinking, amusing themselves,
and playing; they are provoked but do not get angry, and it is said to them: embark on
the path of injustice, and they embark. So what did their past year make them lose, and what did
their coming year bring them? And what did these numbers and figures return to them,
which they dye upon the parts of time? And what distinguishes those parts
through events and actions? Therefore, we have stripped away this entire life since
the occupation until today, and it was one year, not years, because
a condition has not shifted and an injustice has not changed; we only move in prison from
cell to cell, and we only proceed through the chain of this enslavement from
link to link. So where are the years and where are the ages when injustice is one year?!
The Master of the Arabs and the Master of the sons of Adam, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, migrated from
his birthplace and the source of his lineage, Mecca, to Medina, to imprint history
with his mark, and to brand time with his brand, and to lay the foundation of that history with his own hand.
It was too much for the Master of the Arabs to see the history of the Arabs running with the seasons
of the year and following the fluctuations of time, and he insisted that time follow the history
of the Arabs. Neither the summer with its heat nor the winter with its coldness has an effect or
changes a condition in Arab history. This history, which began with an action,
namely the Migration, and did not begin with summer or winter, and it was as if he made action
a beginning for it, a symbol that it should remain a history of actions, not a history of
atmospheric fluctuations or changing seasons.
This Sunnah in Islam has continued to distinguish actions within years
and brand events within times; so it is said: the Year of the Migration, the Year of the Conquest,
the year we conquered Egypt, and the year we conquered the Levant, and so on until the
state of actions declined, the wind of words blew, the seeing eyes were attacked,
and the imaginative senses woke up...
For a reason, and for a profound wisdom, and for a successful and wonderful arrangement, the Arabs did not
follow others in shaping their years by the seasons, and fixing their beginning
and end, so they do not change except by the change of the sun; rather, they preferred that the
distinguishing features of their history be events, and the differences of their history be actions. Therefore,
the Migration was the beginning of history.
So Muslims today, in the near and far reaches of the earth, remember this
Migration, just as the destitute, humiliated, and oppressed heir remembers that his father,
grandfather, and predecessors before him had unshakeable pride, a dominant root, and loftiness.
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7
⟦ Guidance ⟧
Encouraging Marriage in Italy
The Railway Department in Rome published statistics about
those who purchased travel tickets in the month of January on its lines
from the tickets granted to those who marry and move from one place to
another to spend their honeymoon, and it was 1,615 tickets.
The number of newlyweds who purchased discounted tickets
granted to their like since July 1932, which is the date of the decision
regarding that, reached 66,793 tickets, including 2,357 tickets for couples
who came from abroad.
These figures indicate that the measures taken by the government
to encourage marriage have succeeded and brought the desired benefit.
In India
Muslim scholars met in the city of Peshawar and decided to demand
the English government to abolish its law enacted in 1901
which includes depriving the daughter of inheritance if she marries
and leaves her father's house, and she does not have, if divorced, the right
to demand alimony from the husband during the waiting period; they requested a return to
Islamic Sharia and its teachings in this regard.
The attendees also issued a statement in which they warned Muslims against contacting
the Qadianis, stating that after this statement there is no excuse for anyone
who contacts this atheistic sect.
The All-India Muslim Conference was held in New Delhi to consider
the Communal Award, and many speeches were delivered there. It was said
by Nawab Habibullah: The eighty million Muslims of India will not accept
to stand in a position of slavery and servitude, nor do they accept to be exploited by the
majority sect economically, but they accept constitutional reforms
on the basis of the Communal Award.
I die for the sake of God
And for the sake of the Messenger of God
We mentioned in previous issues of Al-Hidaya the news of the killing of the Mujahid Muhammad
Siddiq the Hindu who slandered the person of the Noble Messenger, peace be upon
him, and the Indian court sentenced him to death. Before
the execution was carried out, his mother, and he was her only child, went to his prison.
She found him happy and joyful, and he had been informed of his hanging after a day, so his mother
embraced him and kissed him and asked him to give the call to prayer (Adhan) before her, so he gave it in a loud,
melodious voice. Then he said to her: I have memorized 17 parts of the Holy Quran in prison
and I find myself extremely eager to recite a few verses before you.
So he read to his mother what was easy for him from the verses of the Wise Remembrance.
Then he said to his mother: (O mother, thousands of people die in the hands of
their fathers and mothers due to deadly and swift epidemics, so fathers are patient and mothers
endure; neither fathers nor mothers can ward off death.
However, your luck, O mother, is the best luck of mothers, because your son sacrificed
his youth and life for the sake of the love of the Noble Prophet and the desire to protect
the dignity of the Messenger. Do not grieve, O mother, over my death because I die for the sake of
God and the sake of the Messenger. Rejoice in my death and be proud of it.)
The mother replied while weeping: (My son, I am but one of the
Prophet's nation; if I had other children besides you, I would have accepted their death and rejoiced
in this death for the sake of the Messenger of God.)
Then he kissed his mother's hand with longing and warmth and said: (O mother, the Resurrection is near,
in it we shall meet, and on that Last Day I will take you to Paradise,
and we will see the Greatest Messenger; then you shall approach him and say:
O Messenger of God, I sacrificed my only child and offered him for your sake, and I
had no helper other than him, for I was a miserable widow. I hope you will intercede
for me and for my son, the piece of my heart. And believe, O mother, that the Messenger, peace be upon
him, will not reject your hope and will not turn back your request, so he will intercede for you and for me.)
6
⟦Guidance⟧
The speech of kings is the king of speech
The feelings of His Majesty King Ibn Saud
towards Iraq
When the Iraqi scout delegation visited His Majesty the Great King Abdul
Aziz Ibn Saud, may God Almighty protect him, at his high palace, His
Majesty delivered to its members the following pearls:
I am pleased with this blessed scientific renaissance that has appeared in
Iraq, which will have the greatest impact on the progress of the Arabs, and I
and we see it, and land, and its erasure, nothing remains for him from all that except tears
in his eyes, and a sigh embodied in his lungs, and injustice without victory,
and digestion without power, and nonexistence even of sustenance and sufficiency
He sees the whole world, its land and its sky, its sciences and its knowledge,
its beauties and its joys, its traces and its achievements, he sees all that for his ancestors
in it the merit of establishment and the merit of precedence
Then he sees that huge inheritance, and the grand glory, has passed into hands that
did not leave an impact on it, and did not place a stone in its construction, and he sees himself in it
humiliated, oppressed, a stranger, a fugitive, neglected, spat out by the land that
he lost, and forgotten by the sky that he did not obey, and despised by those strong
nations that God made his ancestors inherit by continuing their imitation and following
Thus the weakened and humiliated Muslims remember that day
from whose corners greatness bursts forth, and from whose sides pride descends,
and time humbles itself before it, and events fall on their chins, dusting
their faces as thrones and crowns were dusted at his feet
They remember all that while they are barred from it, distanced from it, with no connection
to it except the cause of history, and the lineage of wishes, and they will remain so
until they are guided to the paths of life and master the art of death...
Al-Faruqi
I am also pleased to see you in my country to increase through acquaintance the bond
that ties our country to your country and our people to your people. My joy is doubled
by meeting you because you are the first mission to come to us from Iraq; the memory of this
mission will remain in our souls.
Every day, news of the renaissance in Iraq reaches us that pleases
the heart and expands the chest; and if we rejoice at that, we only rejoice
for ourselves, because we and Iraq are one. Many ties bind us to it,
the most important of which is that we and the Iraqis are Arabs, and our characteristics are one, so everything
that pleases Iraq pleases us, and every misfortune that strikes Iraq is a misfortune
for us, we feel pain for Iraq's pain and rejoice for its joy. Likewise, our interests are shared,
for Iraq is in reality a dam for us that prevents anyone from penetrating into our country,
so it is no wonder if we care for its affairs as we care for our own affairs.
Therefore, I say to you in this crowded gathering: I pledge to
God three things.
1 - We are callers who call Muslims so that the word of God may be
the highest. I pledge to God and then I pledge to the Muslims that I will never deviate from
that at all.
2 - I pledge to God that I, my family, and my soldiers will be mujahideen
in the way of the Arabs and in support of the Arabs.
3 - I pledge to God that I will remain as long as I live preserving the
friendship with Iraq with my soul and my character.
This is the speech of an Arab Muslim who pledges to God in the House of God
the Sacred before this mission.
Then after that, His Majesty said to the reporter of Al-Muqattam newspaper when he mentioned
to him the joy of the Iraqis at his speech:
Iraq is from us and we are from it, and what pains Iraq pains me and what
pleases it pleases me, for the source is one, and the nation is one, and no one wants
good for Iraq except that he wants the same for me...
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9 { Guidance }
Observations and Remarks
Will they not return?
Their bad propaganda has spread everywhere, and they have declared
their explicit hostility to the Islamic religion and the national zeal that we take pride in
through its Quran, and upon which we build the edifices of our hopes and seek help against the calamities
of colonialism, and fight with its strength the epidemics of disintegration that have eroded
the souls. That "zeal" which was imbued with the spirit of Islam
and derived its origin from it, and upon which its pillars were based, has become
a sole target for those who are "greedy" for it, driven to
shake it, weaken its forces, and demolish its pillars. Every day we see from one
of them an impact in this path. That "teacher" took the teaching
platform as a means to instill the poisons of atheism in the subjects of sociology,
misleading the youth and deceiving them regarding their religion, their creed, and the dignity
of their greatest Prophet without shame, fear, or hesitation!!
And some of their "known" newspapers have been filled with the mention
of titles adorned with holiness, triple mercies, the Apostolic
Nuncio, and the clergy!... and other such manifestations
of enticement and incitement for the sake of promoting the missionary merchandise that
was woven by the factories of foreign colonialism and dyed in different colors
and varied forms. Under its veil, its destructive influence seeps in
and its lethal corruptions penetrate every area it can influence,
planting the seeds of evil and destruction in its fields.
We directed our gaze to the Arab Islamic government to purge
its schools of these poisonous worms that live by sucking
our blood and gnawing at the dignity of our sanctities, but we received no answer from it, nor did it
move a finger to alleviate the tragedy at the very least.
Then we turned to the Ministry of Education, which carries on its shoulders the weight
of responsibility, but we saw nothing from it but silence, or rather turning away, if we do not say
that it prepared the fertile soil for planting these seeds among
the naive students, as we found that whenever voices of
complaint rose against a teacher, it merely transferred him, as if it wanted
him to complete the mission assigned to him in another place that he might see as more suitable
than the first, and so on and so forth until the disease worsens and its eradication becomes difficult
and hopes for its cure are cut off.
O Muslims. The morning has become clear to those with eyes,
and enemies have descended upon your courtyard, fighting your religion and your nationalism in the light
of day and in public. So take your precautions and prepare for them
whatever strength you can, and pay attention to the evil that surrounds you, and that
the religious and national duty calls upon you to work for the sake of
salvation from these successive insults and to wash away the
shame attached to them, and to defend the basins of your religion and the sanctity of your history. For
God will see your work, and so will His Messenger and the believers.
"Ibn Rushd"
For the Maintenance of Cemeteries
This newspaper had mentioned in its past issues the state
of Islamic cemeteries, their desecration, and the tampering with them until the cemetery
of (Al-Ghazali) became a place where the visitor sees the grave of a Muslim next to the grave of an Armenian with
the cross on it, and it drew the attention of the government and the nation to that.
We have been informed that the government is working to form a committee from the Ministry of Interior,
the Ministry of Justice, and the Directorate of General Endowments to maintain cemeteries in
Iraq and establish legislation for them while appointing a responsible authority for their finality.
⟦line⟧
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10
⟦Guidance⟧
What is the Islamic religion?
Islam is the religion of peace - for the word (Islam) means
Literally first: Peace, second: The path leading to the establishment of peace
And thirdly, submission, because a person's submission to the will of the other is the best and safest way
to consolidate peace. And the religious meaning of the word (Islam)
is total submission to the will of God Almighty.
Islam provides its followers with a complete constitution through which they can know good
so that they may follow it, and it points them to the path of guidance to walk it, and warns them
against evil so that they may avoid it. And this, by my life, is the ultimate nobility and the most eloquent
wisdom and a call for the establishment of peace among mankind.
⟦The Prophet of Islam⟧
The Prophet of Islam is Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and there is no creature
ignorant of that, and that he is the seal of the prophets and messengers. And if one of
the signs brought by the religion of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, was an acknowledgment of what
God sent to His servants of messengers and prophets like Abraham, Moses,
and Jesus (prayers of God be upon them all), that would be sufficient evidence
of the loftiness of this true religion and the nobility of the foundations upon which it stands.
Far be it from Islam to belittle a messenger or a prophet who came for the guidance of
humanity and to exalt the word of God. How noble are the Muslims, a nation characterized by the
tolerance and high morals of its religion. No wonder, for their Prophet is the one about whom
God Almighty said (And indeed, you are of a great moral character).
⟦The Holy Quran⟧
The Quran is the miracle of the great Prophet Muhammad, and the Quran is the book of the nation of
Muhammad, a revelation from the All-Mighty, the All-Wise. Muslims believe in the other
heavenly books revealed to the prophets and messengers and they respect
the People of the Book, no matter how much those holy books have been misinterpreted
and no matter how poorly some humans have applied what is in them, for the Quran
will remain the bright beacon of the universe, and the greatest hand and longest reach
is too short and incapable of tampering with it or affecting it with distortion, for the Book
of God is in a secure sanctuary.
The door of Ijtihad (independent reasoning) in Islam is open. Islam urges
respect for personal opinions and freedom of innocent thought, and this
is among the loftiest principles of Islam.
⟦Islam, Science, and Knowledge⟧
"Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim man and woman" "Seek
knowledge from the cradle to the grave" "Seek knowledge even in China"
These are lofty teachings brought by Islam and spoken by the master of mankind
Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him.
What could be considered among the advantages that a Muslim possesses by following
the rulings of his religion, ensuring that man rises to be in the ranks of
the angels.
And there is nothing for any non-Muslim person but to join this true
religion to drink from its sweet, pure water and to scoop from this
purified honey. For in Islam alone, one finds the causes of
tranquility, knowledge, and peace.
⟦Islam and Work⟧
In Islam, there is an incentive for work and a motive for activity. Islam does not know
laziness and forbids lethargy; it calls for work,
stirs up determination, sharpens resolves, inspires hope, and forbids
despair and despondency. God said in His Mighty Book (O my sons, go
and find out about Joseph and his brother and do not despair of the spirit of God; indeed,
none despairs of the spirit of God except the disbelieving people).
⟦Islam and Doing Good⟧
Everything that a person possesses of worldly goods is, in the view of
Islam, a trust entrusted to him by God to benefit others among
the servants of God, not to keep it for himself alone. It is the duty of man
to live to benefit other humans. Based on this lofty principle, he must
not withhold his hand from charity, nor neglect doing good,
nor deprive people of the blessing that God has bestowed upon him...
Page 110
﴿ Guidance ﴾
13
Baha'ism
Its origin - its claims - refuting its falsehoods
Its relationship with colonialism
-6-
Exile to Edirne
Baha and his followers did not stay long in Istanbul until the ambassador
of the Iranian state in Turkey, who was then (Mirza Hussein Khan
Qazvini), saw fit to exile them to the farthest borders of the Turkish state. He negotiated
with the Turkish government regarding this, and they agreed to deport them to Edirne. They were deported
there, and it became known among the Baha'is as (The Land of Mystery).
That was in the year 1280 AH, and by moving to this city,
Arabs only benefit one another out of self-interest!!
Abdullah al-Hajj says this as if he is expressing himself, for
if it were not for the (48) dinars and (750) fils that he receives
monthly from the Iraqi government treasury, he would not have remained in Iraq
for even one second, nor would he have become a person of influential word in it.
Rather, he would today be secluded in a Syrian village
suffering from hunger.
Then Abdullah al-Hajj gave a speech to high school students last Monday
denouncing this newspaper because it exposes what those like him spread in
schools and fights for freedom of opinion which must be respected!
These opinions and others that Abdullah al-Hajj says
are not new, for the man used to spread them to the students of the University of
Ahl al-Bayt, and the Teachers' College when he was a teacher in them.
Is it appropriate for Abdullah al-Hajj to take over teaching in the
reformist Iraqi government schools, and is his remaining in them one of the complements of
our current situation?! The answer lies with the Ministry of Education.
Babism entered a new stage, for in it the veil was uncovered, as they claim,
by Baha making a strong call for himself, and belittling the views of his brother
and expelling him from his neighborhood. The conflict between the two parties intensified and the
quarrel grew fierce for the sake of assuming leadership over these followers. So
Baha first titled himself (M), then (The Remembrance), taking from the Almighty's
saying (Indeed, it is We who sent down the Remembrance and indeed, We will be its guardian), then (The Blessed
Appearance) for his blessed appearance, then (The Blessed Beauty) for his blessed beauty,
then (The Beauty of Pre-existence, the Truth, and Baha) until this last title
became a permanent title for him, and a name by which he is known. From this, he named
his followers Baha'is.
Mirza Yahya, nicknamed (Subh-i-Azal)
As for Mirza Yahya, Baha's brother, a group followed him who remained loyal to him
since his appearance, and Baha's claims did not affect them. Believing that Mirza
Yahya held the true deputy-ship of the Bab because Baha was nothing but an agent
for this brother of his. He titled himself (Subh-i-Azal) and hence
his followers were called Azali Babis or Bayanis or the People of the Bayan
in reference to the Bayan of the Bab. His call for himself intensified when
he saw Baha's monopolization of the matter without him, while he was nothing but an agent
for him. So he rose to settle the account with his brother, and his brother went to extremes in contesting the reins
of the call until the matter led them to plot against each other
to assassinate him. One of them began to put poison in the other's food.
The Baha'is say that Mirza Yahya poisoned Baha, which affected him
but he survived it. The Azalis say that Baha poisoned Mirza
Yahya and wanted to assassinate him with a cold weapon, but he escaped from him.
The strength of the first group was bolstered by the joining of (Muhammad al-Isfahani), who was one of
the senior men of Babism, to Mirza Yahya. He began to reveal the truth to the followers
and lie in wait for Baha and his party with evil. Finally, (Aqa Jan Bey) also joined
him, and he held the rank of (Amir Alai)
in the Turkish army. The status of the Azalis grew and the discourse worsened between
the two parties until a bloody revolution was feared. So the Sublime Porte
and the Iranian embassy agreed to deport Baha and his companions, and their number was
12
﴿ Guidance ﴾
In Councils and Clubs
Where are you, Ministry of Education?
- 2 -
After the cup has overflowed and no room for patience remains,
and religious, moral, and national chaos has spread, and harmful
trends against religion, ethics, and national pride have multiplied. After
we saw all this pervading our schools and overwhelming the minds of our youth,
and it began to be delivered from teaching pulpits and speech platforms as attacks
on our religion and nationalism, it became our duty as Muslims, Arabs, and Iraqis
to work with all our might to remedy the matter and strive to intervene between
the owners of these corrupt, lethal opinions and the teaching platforms,
because the Ministry of Education did not pay attention to these important aspects, and did not
strike the hands of their owners and those working to broadcast them; rather, the most
it did was transfer those proven to have spread among the students
such sayings from one place to another, as happened
to Majid Khadduri when Education transferred him from Mosul to Baghdad,
and to Majid Abdullah when he was transferred from Mosul to Basra, and to Nouri
and Raphael when they were transferred from Baghdad to Basra, as if they cannot
spread their destructive views in those schools to which they were transferred, and as if
Basra is not part of Iraq, therefore Education does not care about it, and
Education did not realize that it encourages these people to spread their views and generalize them among
students of all schools.
After all this, we decided to publish the actions of some teachers
in schools on the pages of this newspaper so that the Islamic nation
in Iraq may see its opinion of them.
Today we want to talk about the teacher of Constitutional Law
at the Central Secondary School in Baghdad, Abdullah al-Hajj, and what he delivers to
the students and what he poisons their thoughts with.
This man says, as has reached our ears from more than one person in his lessons to
the students: The government must abandon religion and strip itself of it because it is
harmful to the country, and the official holiday ⟦line⟧ Friday ⟦line⟧ must be replaced
with Sunday!!, and that the only error in the Iraqi Basic Law
is its declaration that the state religion is Islam!!
When the students debate him on these sayings and refute him with
how European governments adhere to their religions, and that all
their constitutions state that the state has an official religion, he answers them that those
governments contain no one but Christians!!?
Woe, woe to the teacher of Constitutional Law for this
compounded ignorance, and woe, woe to Education for selecting this
teacher who is supposedly informed about constitutions, nations, and governments!!
For England, whose king is titled the Defender of the Protestant Faith,
does not have among its subjects, who exceed hundreds of millions, anyone other than
Christians!!, and Italy, whose king is titled the Defender of the
Catholic Faith, all its subjects are Christians!!, and the rest of the
other countries like Germany, America, Holland, and Belgium, and even France
which puts in its budget hundreds of billions of francs
for missionary work, has no one among its subjects who is not a Christian!!?
How much you, O teacher, need to learn from your students.
Then Abdullah al-Hajj, teacher of Constitutional Law at the
Central Secondary School in Baghdad, says: There is no entity for the Arabs,
and the Arabs do not deserve to be mentioned for anything because they are ignorant and
have no civilization or social structure, and it should not escape your minds
Page 111
15
⟦Guidance⟧
For we see that they are in fact descendants of the Jewish people
The Jews studied Christianity and even Islam until they were able to
send their men into the field where they see power exists,
so they push their men into every society and every religion, to have a kind
of influence, and the Islamic world at the present time faces a dangerous
risk from the group of capitalists or Jews who aim to
exploit every corner of the Islamic world to the maximum extent
Hitler saved Germany from the yoke of the Jewish capitalists and created
a nation that terrifies them, and Germany today is moving on the path of progress without
Jewish money. If the success of this movement continues, other countries
may follow suit, and where then can the Jews reach
a hundred percent interest?
The Jews were terrified by this situation, and their newspapers began to attack
Hitler and claim that the Muslims, due to their barbarism, are not fit to rule
themselves by themselves and that they are backward peoples, hoping that
foreign authority would be among the reasons that stabilize the Jews' footing,
and at that point they would dominate these and those. Otherwise, is it permissible for
the land where Christ was born to be ruled by those who believe they sacrificed
him and crucified him?
And what do Christians think in the depths of their souls about Zionism in
Palestine? Have they forgotten the cross? Where was the Pope of Rome, and the bishops
of the Christian churches when the promise was given to the Jews that they would be granted
the lands of Palestine? Did a single one of these Christian voices
rise in defense of their beliefs?
Israel rules the world today with its money; even the Soviets in
Russia did not escape its authority. When they found that they could not
dominate Russia during the era of the Tsar and his men, they were advocates of revolution
and we find among them today David Finkelstein and Elias Maxim Litvinov
who is the controller of the foreign policy of the Soviets
Palestine is dear to Christians just as it is dear to Muslims
And I wonder once again: Will Christians allow a state to take the
place of Christians in the land of Jesus, a state they believe is the lineage
of those who crucified him?
Khalid Sheldrake Bey
Oxford University Female Students
The reader may be surprised to learn that female students at Oxford
University are not allowed to eat in the same hall
with the male students.
Finally, the university union thought of taking votes on the
issue of female students sharing the dining hall with their colleagues. The
result was 220 votes in favor of the proposal, 195 against, but
the president announced that the internal bylaws require a two-thirds majority. Accordingly,
the situation remained as it was. The vote cannot be repeated on this
proposal during the current academic year.
In the lands of civilization!!
In America, there is a club called the "Liars' Club," and no one is accepted
for membership unless they are prominent and superior
in lying.
Every year, this club holds a party for a lying competition
in which members compete in inventing lies. This competition is not
limited to club members only; rather, anyone who feels
in themselves the ability to lie and innovate it can join the ranks of
that club, and they are entitled to it if they win the prize on their card. The
number of those who participated in the competition for the past "lying" year reached
1,200 people, or to put it more clearly, "liars." All of
their innovative lies were collected as much as possible in a book. Thus they work to spread
vices among the people.
Page 112
The number of students in private schools and the grants given to them according to the report of
the Ministry of Education
Number of students
19346 in private schools at a rate of 162 fils per student
Those who do not have grants
2804 foreign schools according to the list
7286 private schools " "
⟦line⟧
10090
10137 difference 47
⟦line⟧ at a rate of 340 fils per student
9209
Grants | Dinar
500 | 3134 | in the year 1930 - 1931
" | 3290 | " " 1931 - 1932
750 | 3346 | " " 1932 - 1933
From the amount 750 3346 which is the grant of 32 - 933 it is divided as follows
Dinar
180 | Grant to the Islamic Charitable Society
36 | Sar Sang
216 | "
⟦line⟧
3130 750
⟦line⟧
Page 113
Names of schools whose grants exceed the average
Number | Average per student Fils Dinar | Number of students | Grant amount Fils Dinar | School name
1 | 1 278 | 251 | 324 " | Al-Ghari Najaf
2 | 1 136 | 293 | 333 " | Al-Tafayudh
3 | 1 015 | 184 | 186 750 | Al-Mufid Kadhimiya
4 | " 980 | 148 | 145 " | Al-Husayniyah
5 | " 976 | 432 | 422 " | Al-Ja'fariyah and Al-Hashimiyah
6 | " 750 | 149 | 110 " | Al-Suryan
7 | " 670 | 164 | 110 " | Al-Latin
8 | " 593 | 118 | 70 " | Assyrian Private Mosul
9 | " 506 | 168 | 85 " | Saleh Sassoon Daniel Hilla
10 | " 446 | 314 | 140 " | Khan Menahem Daniel
11 | " 366 | 131 | 48 ⟦.⟧ | Assyrians Baghdad
2252 1972 750
Page 114
Number of students in private schools whose grants are less than the average rate
Number | Rate Fils | Number of Students | Grant Dinars | School Name
12 | 321 | 623 | 200 | Rachel Shahmoon
13 | 294 | 228 | 67 | Armenians Mosul
14 | 252 | 356 | 90 | Carmelites
15 | 225 | 200 | 45 | Nuns Basra
16 | 221 | 814 | 180 | Alliance Basra Boys Girls 507 307
17 | 193 | 619 | 120 | National
18 | 184 | 598 | 110 | Albert Sassoon
19 | 159 | 418 | 67 | Armenians Baghdad
20 | 145 | 276 | 40 | Karam
21 | 144 | 483 | 70 | Shamash
22 | 131 | 152 | 20 | Reqa Nouriel
23 | 73 | 1550 | 110 | Laura Kadoorie
24 | 56 | 538 | 30 | Noam and Toba
| | 6855 | 1149 |
Total Students | Total Established Fils | Total Established Dinars | Statement
2352 | 750 | 1973 | First 11 Schools
6855 | " | 1149 | Second 13 Schools
9207 | 750 | 3122 |
24
Page 115
Private schools that do not have grants from the Ministry of Education
| Number of Students
Alliance Baghdad | 406
Karam Suleiman | 78
Firdous for Boys | 244
Hadas | 170
Armenian Assyrian Camp | 87
Israeli Adhamiya | 66
| 1051
Al-Midrash | 2699
Al-Nashi'a | 306
Central Nuns | 703
Nuns in Al-Sinak | 369
| 5128
Nuns in Karrada | 100
Masouda Salman | 438
Saint Al-Birr in Basra | 71
Armenian Mixed in Basra | 53
Al-Najat in Zubair | 298
| 6078
Nuns in Ashar for Females | 146
Al-Huda Amara | 74
Israeli in Amara | 116
Al-Shabiba Mosul | 40
Alliance Boys 150 Girls 81 Mosul | 231
Mar Abdul Ahad Mosul Boys 234 Females 367 | 601
| 7286
Page 116
Foreign schools that do not have grants from the Ministry of Education
Number of Students |
813 | Americans Baghdad
107 | Baghdad College
190 | Iranian Brothers Kadhimiya
150 | Iranian Sharafiyah Baghdad
1260 | ⟦line⟧
12 | Americans Baghdad females
190 | Iranian Alawiyah in Najaf
150 | Iranian Husseiniyah in Karbala
17 | United Mission Kirkuk
1629 | ⟦line⟧
50 | Assyrian Community Kirkuk
812 | Americans in Basra 508 boys and 304 girls
130 | Iranian Pahlavi in Basra
177 | Foreign Assyrian Mosul 111 boys and 66 girls
6 | American Mission
2804 | ⟦line⟧
| Total private and foreign schools
9207 | Those with grants from private schools
7286 | Those without grants from private schools
10090 | " " " " foreign 2804
19297 | ⟦line⟧
Page 117
Schools of the Israelite community that do not have a grant
| Number of students
In Baghdad |
Alliance Baghdad | 406
Karam Suleiman | 78
Firdous Boys | 244
Hadas | 170
Adhamiya Israelite | 66
Al-Midrash | 2699
Masouda Salman | 428
| 4091
Abroad |
Israelite Amarah | 116
Alliance Mosul Boys | 150
Alliance Mosul Girls | 81
| 347
| 4438
Statement of the number of students without grants
4438 Israelite schools in Baghdad and abroad out of
Total number of private students 7286
Page 118
Schools of the Israelite community in Baghdad that have a grant
Number | School Name | Number of Students | Grant amount year 32 - 33 Dinars | Grant amount year 33 - 34 Dinars
1 | Albert David Sassoon | 598 | 110 | 110
2 | Laura Kadoorie | 1550 | 120 | 110
3 | Noam and Tuwaisa | 538 | 30 | 30
4 | Nouriel | 152 | 20 | 20
5 | Shamash | 483 | 70 | 70
6 | Shamaon | 623 | 145 | 145
7 | Al-Wataniya | 619 | 120 | 120
8 | Karam | 276 | 40 | 40
| | 4839 | 655 | 645
Private schools of the Israelite community that have a grant
1 | Saleh Sassoon Daniel Hillah | 168 | 85
2 | Khan Menahem Daniel | 314 | 140
3 | Alliance Basra Boys and Girls | 814 | 180
| | 1286 | 405
Total for Baghdad and outside for Israelite schools and their number of students
Number of Students Grants
6125 1060 out of 9207 students grants 3122/750
Page 119
The case of ⟦Naeem⟧ Ezra
The teacher at the Shamash School
Page 124
239
19 February 935
Secret
Mr.
Naeem Effendi Ezra
Teacher at Shamash School
It has been required that you cease attending the school until further notice;
⟦signature⟧
The President
A copy of it to the Directorate of Shamash School for information and to take measures to fill the teacher's position
temporarily
Page 125
288
16 Dhu al-Qi'dah 1353 and 19 February 935
Investigation regarding the teacher Na'im Effendi Ezra
Secret
Baghdad Education Directorate
Reference to your letter No. 64/3 dated 13 / 2 / 935 and No. S 15 / dated 16 / 2 / 935 to
Shamash School Directorate
The management of schools is among the duties of the Lay Council according to Article 7 (Paragraph 2) of the Law of the Jewish Community
No. 77 of 1931. Since the teacher Na'im Effendi's action requires a decision from the Lay
Council according to the procedures applied regarding community employees in general. I have presented to the Council your letters
referred to above, and it took your suggestion with all necessary interest and decided to form an urgent disciplinary committee
to investigate this matter and submit the result to the Council to take the final decision.
To facilitate the investigation process, the Council instructed the aforementioned teacher to be absent from work until the issuance
of the final decision in the case. We kindly ask you to provide us with the reasons that led to your request,
⟦illegible⟧
President of the Lay Council
A copy of it to the General Education Directorate for information