Voices from the Archive

IJA 3699

Arranging Travel for Operation Ezra & Nehemiah; Issues Pertaining to Jews Abrogating Citizenship

View interactive document page

Description

These are archival documents from the Baghdadi Jewish community. This item contains documents and correspondences pertaining to Baghdadi Jews abrogating their Iraqi citizenship in order to travel abroad. Included is an offer from a travel company about arranging transportation for the airlift of Iraqi Jews from Iraq to Israel (Operation Ezra and Nehemiah), complaints to the Iraqi government concerning police interference with Jews traveling, announcements to the Baghdadi Jewish community about opportunities to learn more about the citizenship laws and to forfeit citizenship, and correspondence between the government and the Jewish community concerning citizens who desire to forfeit their citizenship but have complicated circumstances. The item also contains letters in Judeo-Arabic, many which include community members' names.

Metadata

Archive Reference
IJA 3699
Item Number
10158
Date
Approx. January 1, 1941 to December 31, 1950
Languages
Multiple Languages
Keywords
Telegram, Judeo-Arabic, Burial Society, Revenue Stamp, Synagogue, Newspaper, Baghdad Light and Power, Charity, Thumbprint, Typed, Basrah, Baghdadi Jewish Community, Clipping, Electricity Bill, Ministry of the Interior, Crown Crest, President of the Baghdadi Jewish Community, Ink Stamp, Spiritual Council, Meir Elias Hospital, Travel, Letterhead, Income Tax, Communist, Abrogation of Citizenship, Postage Stamp, Photographs, Envelope, Israel, Ministry of Social Affairs, Receipt, Office of Transportation and Traffic Police, Correspondence, Annotation, Anti Semitism, Jewish Schools Committee, Anti-Jewish

AI en Translation, Pages 601-625

Page 601

Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Baghdad
277
Telephone Number { 3531 President
5452 Secretary
Number: 51/1770
Subject:
Date: 1951/3/11
Announcement
Those who wish to obtain certificates from the Presidency of this Community
regarding proof of kinship between the person whose citizenship has been revoked and his family members who wish
to join him in travel are requested to bring the following documents for the purpose of granting them the aforementioned certificate:
1- The census book (citizenship) belonging to each individual.
2- A certificate endorsed by the Mukhtar and two witnesses.
3- The military service book (in the event that the head of the family or one of those included in the certificate
has official documents indicating the completion of service).
At the same time, the granting of any certificate by the Presidency of the Community shall be in accordance with the official evidence
provided by the applicant.
⟦signature⟧
Acting President of the Community
President of the Lay Council
Ibrahim / 16

Page 602

Baghdad on February 16, 1951
Delivered via Express Mail
By the hand of Musa
278
To the Honorable President of the Jewish Community in Baghdad
Greetings and respect,
What is presented to your Excellency is that we have been notified of the completion of the processing of the renunciation of citizenship for eight hundred
and fourteen forms from the residents of the Erbil Governorate, and since the majority of those whose citizenship has been renounced
are in a weak financial condition, we have found that the travel fees for these people fall short of the required amount by
six thousand dinars. Furthermore, it has come to our attention that the Presidency of the Jewish Community in Baghdad
has an agreement with the airline for fees amounting to eleven dinars per adult and five and a half dinars
for a middle-aged person and one and a quarter dinars for a child. Even in the event that we collect the travel fees
according to the agreement between the Community and the company - i.e., at the prices mentioned above - we found that the deficit amounts to
approximately one thousand five hundred dinars, and we will be forced to collect this deficit from some individuals in our town. Therefore,
we hope your Eminence will extend a helping hand to these people and collect the fees from them according to
your agreement with the company, and the matter is yours to decide.
Deportation Representative
On behalf of the people of Erbil
Lawyer Pinhas Ezra Rahmim
Secretary to the President of the Jewish Community in Erbil
Binyan Musa Ishaq
Renunciation
Presidency of the Jewish Community
Baghdad
Private Number 1222
Date 2/18/1951

Page 603

278
Baghdad on February 16, 1951
His Eminence, the Head of the Jewish Community in Baghdad, the Respected
Greetings and respect
What is presented to your Eminence is that we have been notified of the completion of the processing of the renunciation of citizenship for five hundred and fourteen forms from the people of
Erbil Province, and since the majority of those whose citizenship was revoked are in a weak financial condition, we have ⟦found⟧ that the travel fees for these people are short
of the required amount by six thousand dinars. Furthermore, it has reached our ears that the leadership of the Jewish Community in Baghdad has an agreement with the
airline company for fees amounting to eleven dinars for an adult, five and a half dinars for a medium-sized person, and one and a quarter dinars for a child.
Even in the event that we collect the fees according to the agreement between the Community and the company, i.e., at the prices mentioned above, we have found that the deficit
amounts to approximately one thousand five hundred dinars, and we will be forced to collect this deficit from some people of our town. Therefore, we beg your Eminence
to extend a helping hand to these people and to collect the fees from them according to your agreement with the company, and the matter is yours.
Deportation representative for the people of Erbil | Secretary of the Jewish Community Leadership in Erbil
The teacher Pinhas Ezra Rahmim | Nissan Moshe Ishaq
Ibrahim / 21

Page 604

T / 728 / 510
2/20/1951
279
Department Copy
Presidency of the Committee for Denaturalization and Deportation
Baghdad
Greetings
We have received a petition from the residents of Erbil whose Iraqi citizenship has been revoked, signed by the Secretary of the Jewish
Community in Erbil and the deportation representative there (a copy of which is attached). They are unable to pay the fees you requested from
them. Since the fees agreed upon with the airline are 11/- Dinars for those over 12 years of age, and since
these individuals are ready to pay the fees at this rate for all of their 514 applications
without exception, including the poor and needy, we therefore ask you to take the necessary action and collect the fees from them according to the arrangement agreed
upon with the company. Note that your treatment of these individuals must differ from the treatment you give to travelers
from the residents of Baghdad, as these individuals are ready to pay the fees for all applications, including those able to pay
and those unable to. In view of the petitioners' weak financial condition and their inability to wait, we ask that this action be taken immediately and that we be informed of
the result.
Please accept our highest respect;
⟦signature⟧
On behalf of the Acting Head of the Community
Vice President of the Lay Council
Attachments
(1) Copy of the petition
Ibrahim / 21

Page 606

T / 51/1741
1951/2/28
28
Department Copy
Transport of Jews whose Iraqi citizenship has been revoked
To -
Iraqi Tourism Company Ltd.
Agent of Near East Air Transport Company Ltd.
Greetings,
The Presidency of the Jewish Community in Erbil informed us by its letter dated February 16, 1951, that
it has 514 forms belonging to the Jews of Erbil whose Iraqi citizenship has been revoked, and we have requested the
Citizenship Revocation and Deportation Committee to conduct the necessary examinations to deport them immediately (via our letter No. T / 51/1728
dated 2/21/1951) after receiving their full fees, including the transport fees for their poor, i.e., without any financial assistance
provided by the committee to them. However, the aforementioned committee did not respond to the request and took no action.
In view of the financial situation of these persons and what results from their lack of ⟦ability⟧ to spend their transport fees on
supporting their families, we hope that what is necessary will be done to transport the mentioned persons outside Iraq according to the prices that
were agreed upon with the presidency of this community, which are:-
Fils | Dinar
⟦line⟧ | 11 | Full transport fee for each adult person, i.e., over 12 years of age.
⟦line⟧ | 5 | Full transport fee for each person under 12 years of age down to three years.
100 | 1 | Full transport fee for each person under three years of age.
We have telegraphed the Presidency of the Jewish Community in Erbil to contact you and pay the fees on this basis, hoping
to facilitate the task of their travel. Please accept our highest respect.
⟦illegible⟧
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council
A copy to -
The Head of the Jewish Community in Erbil - with the request to contact the aforementioned Iraqi Tourism Company Ltd. in Baghdad
to audit the travel of the Jews and pay the fees as mentioned above, and to inform us of the results of
your contact immediately.
Ibrahim / 28

Page 607

Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Erbil
Number: Regular Copy
Date: 1951/3/5
281
Presidency of the Jewish Community
T / 1278 / 57
8 / 2 / 1951
To the Iraqi Tourism Company Limited
Agent of the Near East Air Transport
Company Limited
After greetings and respect
With reference to the letter of the Presidency of the Jewish Community in Baghdad No. T / 1741 / 51 dated 8 / 6 / 1951
and their instruction to us to contact your department to pay the transport fees for the Jews of our province to outside Iraq, ⟦we have⟧ sent ⟦Benjamin Ezra and Sabr Zakka⟧ ⟦to Baghdad⟧
to pay the fees according to the prices agreed upon between you and the Presidency of the Jewish Community in Baghdad and communicated to us in its letter
referred to above, requesting you to receive their fees and facilitate their travel mission at the earliest possible opportunity. Please accept our highest regards.
Head of the Jewish Community in Erbil
A copy of it to ⟦line⟧
The Presidency of the Jewish Community in Baghdad for your kind information and with reference to its letter above.
The Presidency of the Renunciation and Deportation Committee, please deport the Jews of the third batch of our province, whose number of
forms is 536 forms.
⟦illegible⟧
For outgoing registration
on letter 11 Baghdad

Page 608

Central Telephone Directorate
Telephone Division
Number - 1286/15
Date - 1 / 4 / 1951
20426 / 20 / 4 / 51
282
To -
Presidency of the Jewish Community
Baghdad
Subject - Installation of a telephone extension
The Directorate of Travel and Nationality Police has requested us to install an internal
extension in the Meir Tuwaig Synagogue branching from telephone number 5881
for the purpose of being used by the Denaturalization Division. We request
you to inform us if you agree to pay the installation costs of the extension so that
we may take the necessary action in this regard.
Denaturalization
⟦signature⟧
On behalf of the Director of Central Telephones
Presidency of the ⟦Community⟧
Number ⟦...⟧ T / 1227 / 51
Date 2 / 4 / 1951
Write to His Excellency the Director of Central Telephones
that the Community is not responsible for these
matters and please refer to the Denaturalization and
Nationality Committee in this regard..
⟦signature⟧ 4/2

Page 609

Department Copy
282
Installation of a telephone branch
T / 51/725
1951/2/20
Presidency of the Jewish Community
⟦illegible⟧
His Excellency the Director of Central Telephones
Baghdad
Greetings,
Since the Committee for Dropping [Citizenship] and Deportation is responsible for the dropping operations,
please refer to them to obtain their approval for paying the necessary expenses for installing the branch.
⟦illegible signature⟧
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council
⟦illegible stamp⟧
20 / 2 / 51
Ibrahim / 20

Page 610

1282
Incoming Internal Telegram
284
Presidency of the Jewish Community
57/2875
12/3/1951
Number:
Telegram Type: 4
Time of Registration: 12:10
Department Stamp:
Arrived at hour: 12
Minute: 50
Received by: ⟦Hassan⟧
Word count: 54
Administrative Instructions:
Date: 11
Issuing Office: Aqrah
To: President of the Jewish Community Baghdad Reply 20
They withdrew, we sold the houses and properties, now the buyers are insisting on the return of their money
After hearing about the freezing of Jewish property on the radio, and we have withdrawn
The money for plane fares, send a telegram for our travel on the 14th of this month
We, all the deported persons, prefer their money and we do not have a penny in our hands
⟦illegible⟧ MAR 51
Drop

Page 611

109
In internal incoming
⟦illegible⟧
Number:
Telegram type:
Time of registration:
Department stamp: Telona ⟦S⟧ / 2
Arrived at hour: ⟦Record⟧ minute: 70
From: Received by:
Word count:
Administrative instructions:
Date:
Issuing department:
To
Your order regarding us
Head of the Aqrah sect

Page 613

286
Department Copy
T / 1729 / 51
15 / 3 / 1951
⟦illegible⟧
Directorate of Travel and Nationality Police
Baghdad
Greetings,
Enclosed are three applications requesting a certificate of non-renunciation of citizenship. The first is signed
by Mr. Naeem Ibrahim Zubaida, Vice President of the Lay Council and Deputy Acting Head of the Jewish
Community in Baghdad; the second is signed by the Secretary of this community, the lawyer Shaul Moussa;
and the third is signed by Mr. Meir Hakham Moshe Doctor, Chairman of the Jewish Hospitals Committee
in Baghdad, along with (4) photographs for each of them, in view of their non-renunciation of their Iraqi
citizenship. Since their official duties require the prompt issuance of these certificates, we request your
esteemed directorate to issue orders to the competent authority to take the necessary action.
Please accept our highest respect.
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council
Attachments
(3) Three applications with 12 photographs
Renunciation
⟦illegible⟧

Page 615

His Excellency the Director of Travel and Nationality Police
Baghdad
Presented to your Excellency
I, the undersigned, Attorney Saul Moussa, Secretary of the Jewish Community in Baghdad, as I have not
renounced my Iraqi citizenship, I request to be provided with the identification proving that, and with more respect to your Excellency;
The Petitioner
Attorney Saul Moussa
⟦illegible⟧

Page 617

288
Department Copy
T / 51/8720
25 / 2 / 1951
Presidency of the Jewish Community
Basra
After greetings,
We kindly request the completion of the process to remove the travel ban for the person named Moshe Ezra Rahima
issued by the Basra Chamber of Commerce. You will find the ban letter numbered 3258 and dated
19 / 2 / 1951 attached herewith, as the aforementioned person cannot travel to Basra to complete it.
Awaiting your reply, please accept our respects,
Drop
⟦signature⟧
On behalf of the Acting Head of the Community
Vice President of the Lay Council
Presidency of the Jewish Community
⟦Baghdad⟧
Attachments
(1) Letter from the Travel Police Directorate No. 3258 dated 19 / 2 / 1951.
Ibrahim / 26

Page 618

Presidency of the Jewish Community
Basra
Number: 750 / M
Date: 4 / 2 / 1951
289
Subject: Prohibitions
To: Presidency of the Jewish Community - Baghdad
Greetings
We attach herewith the letter of the Civil Directorate and Bara Rajma Haitham Namri
He is not the one intended by the prohibition. We also attach two prohibited letters
The first in the name of Haitham Fakhri Awni and the second in the name of
Youssef Ibrahim Shamoun addressed to the Director of Travel Police
and Nationality. Please kindly complete them and send the letters
to us as soon as possible
Please accept our highest respect
Yaqub ⟦...⟧
Head of the Community
Presidency of the Jewish Community
Baghdad
Number ⟦S T⟧ / 51 / 1229
Date 6 / 2 / 1951
Copy of the prohibition response ⟦in the name of⟧ Haitham and Bara Rajma
and take his signature
⟦...⟧
6 / 2 / 51
Received
Urgent

Page 619

290
T / 51/1742
1/3/1951
Department Copy
To -
Presidency of the Denaturalization and Deportation Committee
Baghdad
Greetings,
We refer to you a copy of the petition submitted by the Jews of Al-Hayy District, in which it appears
that about nine months have passed since the date of their signing the application forms for
the renunciation of Iraqi citizenship, and the approval of the esteemed Council of Ministers has not been issued yet. Since their conditions
are now very bad, we request that the necessary measures be taken with the competent official departments to approve
their denaturalization and deportation.
Please accept our highest respect;
⟦illegible⟧
On behalf of the Acting Head of the Community
Vice President of the Lay Council
Ibrahim /
Denaturalization

Page 620

291
His Excellency the President of the Jewish Community in Baghdad, Respected
After greetings,
We are a group of residents of the neighborhood who renounced our Iraqi citizenship nearly nine months ago without the Council of
Ministers approving our renunciation forms. Since our financial situation is very weak and we cannot bear the necessary expenses for the minimum
standard of living, in addition to the many harassments we encounter from the townspeople, we request you to kindly take the necessary measures to expedite the completion of our transactions and our deportation
as soon as possible. It is worth noting that what we saved for airfare, we have begun spending on our livelihood, and it is not hidden from Your Excellency
the health and economic damages this delay brings us.
Please, Your Excellency, accept our highest regards and respects.
Yousef Nassim | Salim Anbar | Yaqoub Samra | Shua Hayawi Samra | Shmeil Munshi Balas
Presidency of the Jewish Community
⟦...⟧

Page 621

291
His Excellency, the President of the Jewish Community in Baghdad, Respected
After greetings,
We are a group of neighborhood residents who renounced our Iraqi citizenship nearly six
months ago without the Council of Ministers approving our renunciation forms. Since our
financial situation is very weak and we cannot bear the necessary expenses for the lowest ⟦level⟧ of our living,
in addition to the many harassments we face from the people of the country, we hope you will consider
notifying us to expedite the completion of our transactions and our deportation as soon as possible.
It is worth noting that what we saved for airfare we have begun to spend on our livelihood,
and it is no secret to your Excellency what this delay brings us in terms of health and economic damage.
Please accept, your Excellency, the highest greetings and respects.
Youssef Naeem   Salim Anbar   Yaqub Sassoon   ⟦Najia Houri⟧   Shamil Shuker Bulbul
22 / 2 / 951
Presidency of the Jewish Community
Baghdad
Outgoing No. T / 250 / 51
Date 28 / 2 / 1951
A letter is to be written to the Renunciation Committee regarding Mr. Youssef Naeem
and his brothers Salim
Secretary to the President
28 / 2 / 1951

Page 622

Presidency of the Jewish Community
Baghdad
Special Number T/A/ 57
Date 22 / 2 / 1951
292
Number
Date 25 / 2 / 951
Directorate of
Travel and Nationality Police
Baghdad
President of the Jewish Community
Subject / Commissioner Eliya Hesqel Ezra
Your letter number 5/4829 on 21 / 1 / 951
Please inform us of the form number of the mentioned commissioner so that it can be filled out so you can withdraw a
citizenship revocation form with him after it is marked in our records, provided that the answer reaches us urgently
Director of Travel and Nationality Police
For filing / Revocation
⟦illegible⟧

Page 623

292
Department Copy
T / 51/8722
1951/2/18
Directorate of Travel and Nationality Police
Baghdad
Greetings,
Reference to your letter numbered 261 and dated 6/2/1951.
We inform you that the form number of the deceased Elia Haskel Ezra is (9361) from
Obaid Quarter 41/145.
Please accept our respects,
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council
⟦21/2/1951⟧
Ibrahim / 18

Page 624

Number 51/1447
Date 9/4/51
294
His Excellency the Chairman of the Deportation Committee, Respected
Through His Excellency the Head of the Jewish Community, Respected
Presented to your Excellency:
We, the employees and staff of the Jewish Community, numbering about one hundred, have
been afflicted by our dismissal from our jobs following the revocation of our Iraqi citizenships after the issuance of the law
freezing the assets of Jews whose Iraqi citizenship has been revoked. Since we have become in an
unbearable state of economic hardship under such difficult circumstances after
the cutting of our salaries, we have submitted this petition of ours, hoping your Excellency will expedite
our travel at the earliest possible opportunity, as the government and private companies have done
with their employees who revoked their Iraqi citizenships.
Please accept our highest respect.
Name | Revocation Number
Sabha Zakaria | 22424
Rachel Zabka | 27922
Naji Ibrahim | 25671
Naim Hayyim | 21154
Youssef Ibrahim Dahan |
Fuad Hayyim Munshi | 26060
Shaul Haqqi Tawfiq | 29752
Daoud Ibrahim | 25562
Ahmed Youssef | 21622
Daoud Ibrahim Munshi | 26621
Ibrahim Ballas | 22021
Daoud Eliyahu Daoud | 22646
Haroun Hanash Ishaq | 27122
Anwar Ezra Nassif | 26702
Daoud Ishaq Sabih | 22887
Victor Shlomo | 24052
Anwar Saleh Al-Mahalla | 22171
Ishaq Shamoun Levi | 26200
Ezra Haqqi Tawfiq | 27629

Page 625

Daoud Khalil Yaqoub | 22052
Yaqoub Ahmed Abdullah | 27800
Naji Shamoun Shomil | 21861
Daoud Hay Abboudi | 29060
Salim Aram Salay | 21176
Fahima Ezra Munir | 22260
Sabiha Ezra Munir | 22262
Nouriya Salman Obaida | 22520
Aziza Abboudi | 26624
Louza Ibrahim Sabri | 29248
Farja Raphael | 25462
Khatouna Salman | 22887
Rizqi Saleh Aqeel | 21727
Habiba Manshi | 27592
Saleh Yaqoub Kabza | 22911
Regina Ezra Houri | 28642
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧ / 51
True copy of the original
⟦illegible⟧
The Director
22 / 4 / 51