Voices from the Archive

IJA 3701

Documents from the Jewish Religious Court, Baghdad

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Description

These are archival documents from the Baghdadi Jewish community. The item contains records from the Jewish Religious Courts and the Iraqi and the Baghdad Court of Appeals. The court records concern family matters such as marriage, divorce, custody of children, and inheritance issues.

Metadata

Archive Reference
IJA 3701
Item Number
12945
Date
Approx. January 1, 1921 to December 31, 1930
Languages
Multiple Languages
Keywords
Judeo-Arabic, Jewish Religious Court, Ministry of Justice, Ledger, Thumbprint, Iraqi Government, Baghdadi Jewish Community, Legal, Ink Stamp, Spiritual Council, Midrash Talmud Torah, Letterhead, Inheritance, Divorce, Chief Rabbi, President of the Jewish Community, Marriage, Benjamin Moshi, Correspondence, Annotation, Handwritten, Jewish Shara’ – Court of Revision

AI en Translation, Pages 51-75

Page 51

S.G.P.Bd...1533... 2333...500 Pads...21-1-21.
G. F. 11 ( Pads of 100).
General Form 11 Notebook Sheet (100)
FROM: The Personal Status Execution Judge in the Court of First Instance
To: The Honorable Head of the Spiritual Council of the Israelite Community
No.: <del>44</del>
Dated: 21 March 921
192:
Memorandum:
Greetings: In response to your letter dated 17 March 921, we enclose with this letter a list of the items belonging to the wife, which the defendant acknowledged and which were delivered to
the aforementioned person according to your previous order dated 18 March 921 and number [201]. Please accept our highest respect.
Sincerely,
COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
Court of First Instance
Baghdad
20-4

Page 52

Type of items | Number
Large new wardrobe | 1
New shirts | 2
Pillow | 3
" Flannel dress | 2
" Silk dress | 4
" Gauze dress | 2
" Izaar (wrap) | 5
" Fabric skirt | 8
" Towel | 2
" Socks | 2
" Crepe dress | 1
" Nasok dress | 2
" Bundle (Bughcha) | 1
" Headscarf (Fouta) | 1
" Small mirror | 1
" Scissors | 1
" Small knife | 1
" Date palm branch | 4
" Tobacco paper | 1
" Large clay pot | 1
" Bar of soap | 2
" Large crystal bottle | 1
" Silver chain for the hookah | 1
" Brass bowl | 1
" Washbasin | 1
" Basin (Lakan) | 1
" Pitcher | 1
" Large basket | 1
821
A true copy of the original 1/2/1940
⟦illegible⟧

Page 53

With G-d's Help
#
Before us David son of Shimon and Seniora from Sasson, may G-d grant them life, in the Court of Torah and Peace.
From the year 1991 of the count we count here in Baghdad ⟦...⟧ did not return from travel ⟦...⟧ signed his signature
And this is a certificate that ⟦...⟧ not ⟦...⟧ so-and-so ⟦...⟧ not ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧ ⟦...⟧
Mosaical Personal Status Courts
in Baghdad
Mosaical Personal Status Courts
The Decision - To the officer in charge of its execution
The Judge ⟦...⟧
The Court
The Sharia
in Baghdad

Page 55

To the Honorable Presidency of the Baghdad Civil Court of First Instance
Weight 90, gold anklets, one pair
20, gold necklace
22, gold bracelets (Malwi), one pair
45, gold Taffar
10, gold Hayri bracelet, one pair
187
Total contents
2000 Rupees
Only two thousand Rupees and no more
Plaintiff: Gorjia daughter of Yusuf Abu al-Tashi, residing in Hanouni Quarter
Defendant: Reuben Shaul, residing in Abbas Effendi Quarter
We submit to your high presence that the defendant is my husband, I was living with him in the house according to my intention, and a dispute arose between us
And he left me. Afterwards, through the Rabbinate, a reconciliation took place between us and I returned to his house to live with him like all other people
Only his mind was deceitful towards me, and after my return with him, he took from me by force the gold ⟦belongings⟧ which
⟦listed above⟧, which amount to two thousand Rupees. Regarding ⟦his loss⟧, a lawsuit was acknowledged in the presence of the Rabbinate
And the aforementioned, my husband, confessed in the presence of the Rabbinate that he took my belongings from me by force, and likewise he seized my belongings from
me at night. I have witnesses, people who live with them in the house. Therefore, I have come to plead before your
high position that you look into summoning the aforementioned defendant, my husband, to your esteemed court and recover my belongings for me
which are my property and my lawful right, in accordance with the procedures and the law. The matter is yours, sir. 12 March 927
Plaintiff, Hanouni Quarter
Gorjia daughter of Yusuf Abu al-Tashi
Response to the Honorable President of the Israeli Administrative Council
After greetings, in view of the wording of this petition, it appears that the disputes occurring
are requested by the wife and perhaps relate to marital rights, and that the lawsuits
based on those rights are outside of our functions. Therefore, we request the return of the esteemed
petition, so that the proper procedures and fulfillment ⟦for rectification⟧ may be carried out. May you remain well.
14 March 927
REVENUE 8 ANNAS
COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE BAGHDAD
⟦illegible⟧

Page 56

S.G.P.Bd...1533...2333...500 Pads...21-1-21.
G. F. 11 of (Pads 100).
General Form 11 Notebook Sheet (100)
FROM: Judge of Personal Status Matters in the Court of First Instance
From:
To: Honorable Chairman of the Jewish Committee
To:
No.: 24
Number:
Dated:
the: 192
Date: 26 April 921
Corresponding to: 192
Memorandum.
Memorandum
After greetings, this was written based on the lawsuit filed by Maryam daughter of Harun against Rahmani and Harun, the sons of Ishaq. As a result of the trial, their insolvency was proven.
Therefore, the court decided to grant twenty rupees every month to the plaintiff Maryam daughter of Harun from your community fund, since she has no legal provider other than these
convicted individuals, Rahmani and Harun, who are minors and cannot be charged with anything, and also it is not possible for her to remain without maintenance. As long as the deceased died
without money, the Jewish community that includes him in its fund, therefore it is necessary for such disabled persons to be supported from the fund of the Jewish community who shall spend on them
until their financial situation improves and the maintenance is transferred. Therefore, this note was issued to you to fulfill its contents, and we thank you in advance.
The Judge
COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
Court of First Instance
Baghdad
BAGHDAD
⟦illegible signature⟧

Page 57

Personal Status Courts
With reference to your letter numbered 495/7 and dated February 18, 924
We share with Your Excellency the love of compassion for the elderly and the weak who
lose a legal provider, but with all regret, we are unable to provide them with alimony
permanently as we have not been able to do so, even though we exert all our efforts because it
is not hidden from Your Excellency that these elderly and poor people have exceeded thousands of our group
And we had previously established this association with the help of the government under the title
(Night Relief) in order to somewhat help those in need
As for the allocations for this association, they are very limited because they do not exceed thirty
rupees per month from the municipality, along with some aid and gratuities that
are taken from individuals. We would be very grateful for your kindness as there is no
⟦choice⟧ in your capacity as a judge familiar with the conditions of these needy people
who are without a legal provider, to strive ⟦to try⟧ to reach a way
that facilitates giving aid to the aforementioned needy persons, and in response to your decision
we have given Azira daughter of Naoum fifteen rupees as a lump sum
aid from the community fund. February 7, 924

Page 58

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
Baghdad Court of First Instance
Baghdad
Memorandum.
Dated: 1941
the: 26 January 941
Date: 6 Jumada al-Ula 359
19:
Memorandum:
To: The Honorable President of the Spiritual Council
To ::
No.: 7 / 490
Number:
FROM: Judge of the Baghdad Court of First Instance
From:
Based on the request submitted by the lawyer ⟦...⟧, representative of the plaintiff Naeema bint Nassim in lawsuit No. 490 / 941 filed against her husband, the defendant
Ezra bin Saleh Shmeil, requesting continuous and past alimony amounting to one hundred and eight dinars, this court decided in its session held on 25-1-941
to refer the case to your esteemed council to estimate the continuous and past alimony for the aforementioned wife and to state its monthly amount starting from the date the lawsuit was filed on
1-1-941 until the judgment is issued, and to inform us of the result so that this court can issue the necessary judgment according to the law.
Accordingly, we are sending you herewith the lawsuit petition, the power of attorney, the family book, and the documents presented in the case, requesting their return to us along with your notification of the result.
Judge of the Baghdad Court of First Instance
⟦signature⟧
C. A. Genl. Form No. 12.
(Pads of 100.)
(12) General Number, Property Administration Form
(100 sheets per pad)
S.G.P.B. ⟦line⟧ 1 00 ⟦line⟧ 166 ⟦line⟧ 300 Pads ⟦line⟧ 28-11-19.

Page 59

H
Before us, the undersigned Beth Din, appeared Mr. Isaac son of Ezekiel Abraham Hasson, may he be protected by God,
and declared with a whole heart, a willing soul, and of his own absolute free will, without any compulsion or coercion at all, that he received from Ms.
Naim daughter of Ezra Abraham Sassoon ~ the sum of ⟦fifty⟧ Iraqi Dinars in cash ~ on account of what is due to her
from him ~ from the portion of the estate of the late Ezekiel Abraham Hasson ~ and upon this, the aforementioned Mr. Isaac signed with his signature before us
in Baghdad ~ on the 5th day of the month of Adar I ~ the year 5711 ~ 17 February 1951
Isaac Ezekiel
A. S.
N. Y.
Ezra Sassoon
Chaim
N. Y.
The Religious Court
Mosaica in Baghdad
1951
⟦illegible⟧

Page 60

100...2166... 300 Pads....28-11-19.
C. A. Genl. Form No. 12.
(Pads of 100.)
Civil Administration General Form No. (12)
(Booklet of 100 pages)
FROM / من: Judge of the Hillah Court of First Instance
To / الى: To the Honorable President of the Jewish Spiritual Council
No. / نمرة: 14 / 22
Dated / التاريخ: 25 January
the / الموافق:
19 / ١٩:
After greetings, Nabawiya Haboush, residing in the Bab al-Agha neighborhood, approached the court and claimed that her husband, Mursi Yasi, temporarily residing at the tobacco shop numbered 84,
left her and her son without alimony and requested an assessment of alimony against him. In the judgment, the aforementioned Mursi stated that the plaintiff is his wife but the child is not his son. Please, after investigations, inform us
regarding the marriage contract, whether it was valid or not, and whether the child's lineage is established from the defendant or not, before the court date falling on 28 January 924,
this Thursday, and with much respect.
COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
Court of First Instance
Baghdad
BAGHDAD
⟦signature⟧
The marriage contract between Nabawiya and her husband Mursi is established with the Spiritual Council because it is valid and legal,
and the lineage of this mentioned child is established to his wife through the marriage ⟦...⟧
⟦illegible⟧

Personal Status Court
Since the plaintiff has submitted a request asking to be appointed as a guardian for the minors Shaul and Naji, the children of the deceased Sasson
son of Hayyim, and since the court has verified that the interest requires his appointment as a guardian over them, the court decided in its session
public and dated ⟦...⟧ to appoint him as a guardian over them to carry out all transactions related to their interests and to preserve
their rights ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧
BAGHDAD
Accordingly, this deed has been given into his hand to be a proof in his possession and when needed
Written on the day ⟦...⟧ of the month ⟦...⟧ of the year one thousand nine hundred and ⟦...⟧ AD
Corresponding to the day ⟦...⟧ of the month ⟦...⟧ of the year ⟦...⟧ AH
⟦...⟧

Page 61

⟦illegible⟧
To the Honorable Judge of Personal Status in Karkh
" " " " in Rusafa
Plaintiff: ⟦Fawzia⟧ daughter of ⟦Daoud⟧ residing in Karkh ⟦...⟧
Defendant: ⟦Ezra⟧ son of ⟦Saleh⟧ residing in Karkh ⟦...⟧
Lawsuit: The defendant is my legal husband ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ according to the marriage contract ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ and whereas the defendant ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ I request he be summoned for the hearing ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ and to rule against him ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ while charging him with the costs ⟦...⟧
Plaintiff
⟦Fawzia Daoud⟧
⟦illegible stamp⟧
⟦illegible signature/text⟧

Page 62

⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
Number ⟦illegible⟧
And date ⟦illegible⟧
RABBI MOSHE HAIM ⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧ Baghdad
We, the undersigned, testify with complete and clear testimony ⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
Please accept the referral of this petition - and order what is necessary
Governor of Baghdad Province
25-1-931
I submit this petition to the Sole Judge in the Court of First Instance as this lawsuit pertains to his duties and to order what is required
Justice of the Peace
Court of ⟦illegible⟧
Aboud
26
The petitioner, Mursel Badi, due to the occurrence of a dispute between him and his wife, the matter between them led to divorce, and she claimed against him that he pay her ⟦illegible⟧
According to the requirements of the decision of the Israeli Spiritual Council, and since the mentioned amount he was unable to pay ⟦illegible⟧ his statement and for the lack of
A tenant and from his eye its solution after taking permission from the department he belongs to regarding the loan of the amount of alimony calculated against his salaries
Monthly, and this verification is within the duties of the mentioned ⟦illegible⟧ and outside the jurisdiction of the Personal Status Court, and the matter of the son's alimony
And the daughter and the value specialized in seeing her, so based on this petition to the Israeli Spiritual Council to resolve the matter of divorce
And the installment of the mentioned amount ⟦illegible⟧
Court of First Instance

Page 63

G. F. 11 (Pads of 100).
General Form 11 (Pads of 100)
FROM: Judge of Personal Status Matters in the Court of First Instance
To: The Honorable President of the Israeli Spiritual Council
No.: 481 / 22
Dated: 18 Rabi' al-Thani 1349 corresponding to 9 December 1930
Memorandum.: Memorandum
After greetings: We replied to you in our letter dated 19 December 1929 under number [117] regarding the statement of the outcome of the lawsuit between Yehuda and his wife
Tuffaha and regarding the matter of the legal home, and since no response has been received until now, please expedite the response before the trial day, which is Wednesday, 8 January 1931.
With my utmost respect.
The Judge
⟦signature⟧
Court of First Instance
Baghdad
⟦The response in our letter dated 4 January 1931 under number⟧
⟦225⟧

Page 64

In the name of the Mosaic Religious Court
in Baghdad
Number ⟦...⟧
Date ⟦...⟧
Baghdad on ⟦...⟧
This Mosaic Religious Court in Baghdad testifies that ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ has appeared before it ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧
The Mosaic Religious Court
in Baghdad
⟦signature⟧

Page 65

The Rabbinical Court of the Community of
⟦illegible⟧
Baghdad
Before the Rabbinical Court in Baghdad appeared Mr. Hakham Sasson son of the honorable Rabbi Isaac Kadouri, may God protect and preserve him,
on behalf of the Religious Council, and informed the Council handling the matter from the Council that Mrs. Miriam
daughter of Hakham Eliyahu Isaac son of Sasson passed away in Baghdad at her home on Thursday, 24th of Adar II, the year 5719 ⟦according to the count⟧ accepted among us, and she left
behind legal heirs, her honorable sons Mr. Ezra and Mr. Eliyahu, sons of Mr. Isaac Sasson. And Mrs. (their sister) Hannah
daughter of the aforementioned Isaac Sasson, and besides them she has no heirs, neither by civil law nor by Torah law, and this is the truth. 8 Adar II 589
Sasson Isaac Kadouri
Chairman
The Council
Religious
The Rabbinical Court
Baghdad
1959
24 / 3 / 1959

Page 67

⟦illegible⟧
With the Help of Heaven
Before us, the undersigned, on the 1st day of the month of Elul, the year 5696 from the creation of the world
appeared before us Mrs. Haviva daughter of Isaac, widow of the late Abraham son of Isaac, and her daughter Mrs. Rachel
daughter of the aforementioned Abraham, and requested from us to grant them a certificate of inheritance for the estate of the aforementioned late Abraham
who passed away to his eternal home on the 26th day of the month of Adar, the year 5696, and that his sole heirs
are his aforementioned wife Mrs. Haviva and his aforementioned daughter Mrs. Rachel, and he has no other heirs besides them
and upon this we have signed on the aforementioned day here in Baghdad
The humble ⟦...⟧
The humble ⟦...⟧
23/8/1936
No ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧

Page 68

Number 218
On October 25, 1925.
To the Honorable Judge of Israelite Personal Status Matters, respected
Greetings and honors.
To preserve the rights of wives, the spiritual body used to require a guarantee for the outcome of the lawsuit from the husband who attempts
to go absent and travel to other countries, leaving his wife or fiancée without completing the marriage or divorce proceedings and returning
the dowry. Upon refusal to provide the guarantee, the aforementioned body would request detention through the police.
However, the esteemed Ministry of Justice recently revoked this authority from us and promised to enact a law for proceedings in
religious courts. Upon our follow-up and pending the enactment of the said law, His Excellency the Minister informed us orally that
we may approach your respected court regarding necessary and urgent matters and request it to bind the necessary person with a guarantee
for the outcome of the lawsuit and to bring the required party in person to complete the divorce proceedings and other necessary
judicial transactions. Therefore, please present the matter to His Excellency the Minister and provide us with an answer as to whether
your respected court is prepared to consider the mentioned matters so that we may approach it when needed for urgent
matters. May you remain in respect;
Acting Chief Rabbi of Baghdad
⟦illegible⟧

Page 69

The Court of Justice of the Holy City
Baghdad, may God protect it
The Israelite Spiritual Court in Baghdad
JEWISH RELIGIOUS COURT
BAGHDAD
Date: 22 Adar
Year: 5687
No.:
To the Honorable
The Sage and Judge, the Hakham of Baghdad, may his glory be exalted, the crown of our head, to the honor of the Holy Congregation, may God protect it
We received the question of your honor, may he live, and we observed what the slaughterer ⟦Lanza⟧ wrote
Regarding the matter of Mr. Ezra Nuri Nissim against Mr. Ezra Isaac H. Kadoorie etc.
Therefore, we inform you that the aforementioned Ezra Nuri paid the Redemption of the Son for his grandson
According to the law of the Torah
⟦illegible stamp⟧
Number 209
84
Judge of Personal Status Matters
In response to your letter numbered 957 / 887 and dated the 25th of it
The son for whom alimony is requested is entitled to it because he was not purified and did not undergo
the religious purchase ceremonies specific to the firstborn, because the amount paid
is not for circumcision, but rather for the aforementioned ceremonies, the basis of alimony.
Date from Israelite 927

Page 70

SGPS...534...819...1,000 Pads...7-11-26.
G. F. 11.
Form No. (11)
From: Judge of Israeli Personal Status
To: His Eminence the Honorable Hakham Bashi of Baghdad
No.: 252
Dated: Corresponding to 25 December 1926
Memorandum.
After greetings.
During the consideration of a case filed before this court, the counsel for
the defendant argued that the son for whom alimony is requested has not been purified (circumcised) until now -
and since he is a firstborn ( ⟦Dawud⟧ ) and the known redemption ceremonies have not been performed for him, he did not
belong to either spouse and therefore is not entitled to alimony. Accordingly, I request you to inform us about
this as soon as possible, and to your Eminence much thanks and respect.
The Judge
COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
BAGHDAD
26/12/1926

Page 71

Baghdad Karkh Second Land Registry Department
To the Honorable Musawi Sharia Court in Baghdad
⟦illegible⟧
Greetings and respect
We send you herewith an original copy of the map of the house
Numbered ⟦illegible⟧ of the ⟦illegible⟧ neighborhood, Baghdad
Based on your request enclosed in your letter numbered ⟦illegible⟧ and dated
on ⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
Director of Land Registry ⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible stamp⟧

Page 73

The Religious Court of the Holy City
Baghdad, may God protect it
Jewish Spiritual Court in Baghdad
JEWISH RELIGIOUS COURT
BAGHDAD
No.: ⟦288⟧ / 62
Date: 19 Kislev, Year 5687
Report
To the Honorable President of the Religious Court in Baghdad, Mr. Ezra Reuben Dangoor, may his light shine and endure
The petitioner Shalom Nahum H. and his brothers known as Ben Hakham H. Shimon H. Shlomo
In Baghdad, married H. Shimon H. Shlomo son of Rachel Rosa daughter of Shimon, may his light shine
And this is their claim
H. Nahum Rosa H. Shimon claim in the name of Shalem and Shlomo their minor sons
That the aforementioned H. Shimon H. Shlomo signed 87/Cheshvan 27/Tishrei 27/Tishrei
The company of Shimon H. Shlomo H. Nahum H. Shlomo H. Ezra Rahamim in Baghdad
And by this, the aforementioned H. Shimon obligated himself to them for the sum of 26 English gold pounds
Which the aforementioned H. Shimon H. Shlomo H. Shlomo H. Nahum H. Shlomo signed
Furthermore, the aforementioned H. Shimon obligated himself to them for the sum of 6 English gold pounds
In total, the aforementioned H. Shimon owes them the sum of 32 English gold pounds
To the Honorable Judge of Jewish Personal Status Matters
Based on this letter No. 2599 on the 20th of it
That Karjiya daughter of Shaul filed a lawsuit against her husband Shimon son of Shlomo
And during the trial, the answer was decided by him and his family in Topu Gubater on September 27, 926

Page 74

The Religious Court of the Baghdad Community
JEWISH RELIGIOUS COURT
BAGHDAD
The Religious Court of the Mosaic Community in Baghdad
Number 80 / ⟦...⟧
Date ⟦...⟧ / ⟦...⟧ / 1978
It is certified that her husband ⟦...⟧ requests her ⟦...⟧ proxy in the aforementioned court
That the aforementioned ⟦...⟧ sent to his aforementioned wife ⟦...⟧ the way
As he enabled her to join him and until today no answer has been received and this is what was required
112

Page 75

The Court of Justice of the Holy City
Baghdad, may God protect it
The Israeli Spiritual Court in Baghdad
JEWISH RELIGIOUS COURT
BAGHDAD .
No.:
Date: 22 Adar
Year: 5687
To the Honorable
The wise and distinguished Rabbi Meir Kahana son of Sasson Fahum, honorable judge and teacher
We urged him 6 days ago to summon them from your son-in-law ⟦to⟧ Ezra ⟦to⟧ Abdi
6 days 22/12/26
The 6 days have passed and they did not come ⟦be⟧fore us 6 so that ⟦they⟧ fulfill their words
6 Your Honor shall look into the letter 6 sent to the court in Baghdad as agreed
to sign with a pen and not to a person, Your Honor alone, so that 6 judge
to be an assistant in extracting funds, he will understand well, and peace
⟦illegible⟧