Archival unit 301
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Correspondence Regarding Standardized Exams, Shamash Secondary School
View interactive document pageThese are archival documents from the Baghdadi Jewish schools. They contain correspondence regarding payments for the SAT and Achievement Tests between the president of the Jewish community, the Educational Testing Service in Princeton, N.J., the Bank of Iraq, and the principal of the Shamash Secondary School. There are also several brochure publications regarding administration of standardized tests, advertisements for supplemental test preparation, generic correspondence from the Educational Testing Services, forms assessing English language competency, and copies of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) exam for 1964.
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College Entrance Examination Board A GUIDE TO THE ADVANCED PLACEMENT PROGRAM 1960-61
1960-61 examinations summary Administration: The Advanced Placement Examina- tions are administered to students by their schools. In November, schools are asked to indicate their intention to give the examinations and to name an Advanced Placement Examinations Coordinator on a School Participation Form. These forms should be returned by December 10, 1960. A School Estimate Form will then be sent to Examinations Coordinators for an estimate of the number of Advanced Placement candidates and the number of examinations needed. In February, the Examinations Coordinators will receive a Test Order Form which must be returned by April 19, 1961 in order to ensure the delivery of test supplies. Part of the examination fees, which the schools will collect, will be retained to help cover school expenses and as an honorarium. Stu- dents at schools where the examinations will not be available will be referred by the College Board to schools where they will be given. Subjects: Examinations are offered in the following subjects: English Composition and Literature (one examination), American History, European History, French, Intermediate German, Advanced German, Latin 4, Latin 5, Spanish, Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, and Physics. Examination dates: May 15-19, 1961. Candidate fees: $5 for registration plus $8 for each examination taken. Inquiries: All correspondence concerning the examina- tions should be addressed to: College Board Advanced Placement Examinations Box 592, Princeton, New Jersey Copyright 1960 by College Entrance Examination Board
The Program The College Entrance Examination Board offers the Advanced Placement Program in the interest of able students; in the interest of secondary schools which enable these students, while still in secondary school, to undertake work on the college level commensurate with their abilities; and in the interest of colleges that welcome incoming students who are thereby prepared for courses more advanced than those usually studied in the college freshman year. Descriptions of the college-level courses in 11 subjects are provided by the Program in its book, the Advanced Placement Program: Course Descriptions. Through the Director of the Pro- gram, the College Board encourages and advises secondary schools in the introduction of these courses. It also offers, for students who have taken these courses, Advanced Placement Ex- aminations that are based on courses explained in the Course Descriptions. Both the course descriptions and the examination in each sub- ject are written by a committee of school and college teachers of that subject. In turn, colleges consider for credit and advanced placement those students who have taken the courses and the Advanced Placement Examinations. The Program is thus an effective instrument of cooperation between schools and colleges that seek to enhance the educational opportunities open to able and ambitious students. 1
Origins The Advanced Placement Program grew out of two experiments supported financially by the Fund for the Advancement of Education. It continues the School and College Study of Admission with Advanced Standing, and re- flects many of the basic ideas and much of the underlying philosophy of the School and College Study of General Education. Both of these studies date from the early 1950's—and were in essence formalizations of earlier traditions. College Board The Advanced Placement Program is in its sixth year as a project of the College Entrance Examination Board. The Program operates through a Director who works with a general supervisory body, the Committee on Advanced Placement. The College Board itself, which was founded in 1900, is a membership association composed of colleges and universities, schools, and educational associations. Educational Testing Service In its operation of the Advanced Placement Program, the College Board has the help of Educational Testing Service, an independent, nonprofit agency with headquarters in Prince- ton, New Jersey. Educational Testing Service provides and grades the examinations, as well as offers administrative services involved in the Program. 2
College-level courses in schools The Advanced Placement Program begins with courses on the college level given in secondary schools to able and ambitious students. A school that wishes to undertake such advanced work does not need to secure permission to do so, but it should be sure that it understands the Program. Teachers who are setting up college- level courses should read the course descrip- tions in the book, Advanced Placement Program: Course Descriptions. They are also advised to get in touch with teachers in schools offering ad- vanced work and with the appropriate depart- ments in the colleges that many of their students enter. In addition, teachers are encouraged to write to the Director at the address given on page 11 for any assistance he may be able to give. Small schools have made successful arrange- ments for college-level work through individual instruction of a tutorial nature. Advanced Placement Examinations Thirteen Advanced Placement Examinations, based upon the courses discussed in the Ad- vanced Placement Program: Course Descriptions, are offered: English Composition and Literature (one examination), American History, European History, French, Intermediate German, Ad- vanced German, Latin 4, Latin 5, Spanish, Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, and Physics. Each examination is prepared by a committee of five teachers, three from colleges and two from secondary schools, with the assistance of 3
testing specialists on the Educational Testing Service staff. The members of these committees of examiners are appointed by the College Board. Students are allowed three hours to complete each examination. Essay questions prevail, but they are supplemented in some of the examina- tions by questions of the multiple-choice, objec- tive type. Each modern language examination in- cludes a listening comprehension section that uses tape recordings to test the student's ability to understand the spoken language. Those parts of the May 1960 examinations that consisted of questions of the essay type may be purchased in sets (see page 10). Since these examinations are based on college- level courses, students who have not had special preparation beyond regular secondary school work are advised not to take them unless advised to do so by their teachers. Students are urged to discuss their plans with their teachers. In 1960-61, the examinations will be given during the week of May 15 to May 19 by schools throughout the country. Schools outside the United States that arrange to do so may also administer the examinations. Most students will take the examinations in their own schools; some, whose schools are not giving the examina- tions, will take them in local participating schools. Students who are unable to make these arrangements may write to the address given on the inside front cover. Candidate fees for exami- nations given in the schools are $5 for registra- tion and $8 for the examination in each subject and will be collected by the school. Of the total fees collected, the school retains $5 plus $1 for 4
each examination it has given. The amount retained is intended to help cover its costs in giving the examinations and as an honorarium. For those students who cannot take the exam- inations at a nearby school, the examinations will be given at special centers for an additional special administration fee of $10 for each ex- amination. Schools are asked to complete a School Par- ticipation Form and to return it by December 10, 1960, if they expect to have students who will wish to take Advanced Placement Examinations the following spring. Those schools that submit completed School Participation Forms will routinely be sent copies of two booklets: In- formation for Coordinators and Bulletin for Stu- dents (see page 10). A School Estimate Form will also be sent to Examinations Coordinators for an estimate of the number of Advanced Placement candidates in schools and the num- ber of examinations that will probably be needed the following spring. In February, participating schools will receive a Test Order Form which must be returned by April 19, 1961. Any school that does not now regularly receive Advanced Placement Program announce- ments may do so by requesting the addition of its name to the Program’s mailing list. Reading the examinations A committee of readers for each examination grades the essay portions of the examination papers in June. Composed of teachers from schools and colleges throughout the country, 5
these committees are appointed by Educational Testing Service. At least one person holds joint membership on the examining committee and the reading committee in each subject to insure easy communication between the groups writing and grading the examination. Examination papers are graded on the follow- ing five-point scale: 5—high honors, 4—honors, 3—creditable, 2—pass, 1—fail. Colleges make their decisions The materials supporting a candidate's request for credit and placement are sent only to the college that he is entering. These materials, which are received in July by the college, include a school report which gives a description of the advanced course or courses taken, the course grades, and the school recommendation regard- ing college credit or placement. The college also receives an Advanced Placement Examination report which includes examination questions, the student's paper, the grade given him by the reading committee, and interpretive information on examination grades. Since colleges have reported a substantial number of cases of students who did not receive advanced placement or credit because they failed to apply for this consideration, the College Board hopes that schools will urge students who have done well on the examinations to seek credit and proper course placement. Advanced Placement grades will be sent to schools on September 1. Any school that would like to receive the examination grades before Septem- 6
ber, however, may request them after they have been released to colleges in July. Each college makes its own decision regarding credit and advanced placement. The record indi- cates very clearly that almost all colleges entered by Advanced Placement students do give ad- vanced placement to those students who have performed satisfactorily in college-level courses in school and on the examinations. The majority of these colleges grant credit as well as place- ment to qualified students. Results Most Advanced Placement students to date have taken college-level courses in school in only one or two subjects. Very few, therefore, plan to finish college in less than four years. They have enriched rather than accelerated their edu- cational programs in both school and college. It is possible, however, for some students actually to shorten their college careers. The number of such students is likely to be small, for they will have begun their acceleration as very able performers in three or more college-level courses in school. Most of them will go on to do graduate work. Reports from individual colleges indicate that Advanced Placement students have done very well academically. It is worth noting that these students have also maintained an above-average level of extracurricular activities in school and college. The College Board has received much favor- able testimony about these students from both 7
colleges and schools. Research on their per- formance and other aspects of the Program is planned for the coming years, as the number of students and institutions interested in the Pro- gram continues to increase. Given in the following table are the growing numbers of schools, students, and colleges partic- ipating in the Program over the last seven years. Year | Schools | Students taking examinations | Examinations taken | Colleges 1953-4a | 18 | 532 | 959 | 94 1954-5a | 38 | 925 | 1,522 | 134 1955-6b | 104 | 1,229 | 2,199 | 130 1956-7 | 212 | 2,068 | 3,772 | 201 1957-8 | 355 | 3,715 | 6,800 | 279 1958-9 | 560 | 5,862 | 8,265 | 391 1959-60 | 890 | 10,531 | 14,158 | 567 a Conducted as the School and College Study of Ad- mission with Advanced Standing. b Program responsibility assumed by the College Board. Conferences Nine conferences sponsored by the Advanced Placement Program were held late in June 1960. These conferences, similar to those of preced- ing years, were given in accordance with the Program's aims of developing communication between school and college and improving the work done in school and college. The conference participants included school and college teachers and administrators who are interested in the Program, as well as members of the committees of examiners and readers for the examination. The 1960 conferences were organized accord- ing to the following fields of interest and met at the following institutions: for administrators, 8
Lawrenceville School (N. J.); biology, University of Colorado; chemistry, University of Illinois; English (eastern conference), Smith College; English (western conference), Northwestern University; history, Stanford University; foreign languages, Hotchkiss School (Conn.); mathe- matics, Case Institute of Technology; physics, Columbia University. By-products 1. Students and teachers are stimulated to higher levels of achievement in the school's regular courses. 2. The Program conferences serve as forums for the valuable interchange of ideas between school and college teachers. 3. The Program provides challenging experiences for able secondary school teachers as well as for able students. 4. The Program tends to focus on subject matter and the teaching of subject matter. 5. Schools and colleges work together in an effective way, with the colleges showing an in- creasing interest in what the schools are doing. Publications The following informational publications are issued by the Advanced Placement Program and are available on request to College Board Ad- vanced Placement Examinations, Box 592, Princeton, New Jersey. Advanced Placement Program: Course Descrip- tions. Intended primarily for teachers, this book 9
contains descriptions of the recommended Pro- gram courses and of the examinations that are based upon them, and also includes illustrative examination questions. The book is available at a cost of $1.50. This revised edition of the former Advanced Placement Program Syllabus was pub- lished in June 1960. It may also be obtained from Box 27896, Los Angeles 27, California. Essay Questions from the 1959-60 Advanced Placement Examinations. Essay questions used in the 13 examinations given in May 1960 may be purchased in sets for $1 per set. Two kinds of sets are available. One is a complete set (one each) of the examinations in all subjects; the other, eight copies of any one of the examina- tions. The sets do not include the questions of the multiple-choice or objective type used in any of the previous Advanced Placement Exam- inations. Information for Coordinators, Advanced Place- ment Examinations, 1960-61. Intended for teachers or administrators who have been appointed Advanced Placement Examinations Coordinators in their schools, this leaflet pre- sents instructions on obtaining test materials, handling fees, and arranging for registration in those schools where examinations are to be administered. It is supplied without further request to schools that submit the School Par- ticipation Form. Bulletin for Students, Advanced Placement Ex- aminations, 1960-61. Intended primarily for stu- dents, this booklet presents information on the nature of the examinations, the examination schedule, and the reporting of scores. 10
Advanced Placement Program Newsletter. This newsletter is issued from time to time as an information medium for school and college teachers interested in the latest developments in the Program. Further information concerning the Advanced Placement Program may be obtained from Jack N. Arbolino, Director, Advanced Placement Program, College Entrance Examination Board, 475 River- side Drive, New York 27, New York. 11 D70R45 201100
ADVANCED PLACEMENT EXAMINATIONS, 1960-61 SCHOOL PARTICIPATION FORM In May 1961, secondary schools will again conduct the Advanced Placement Examinations. Schools wishing to participate in the Advanced Placement Program by preparing candidates and by administering the ex- aminations to their students are requested to use this form to indicate their wish to participate and to name an Advanced Placement Examinations Coordinator. The Coordinator will be responsible for making all necessary arrangements for giving the examinations. Upon return of this form, the Coordinator will auto- matically be sent two copies of Information for Co- ordinators. This booklet is intended to assist the Co- ordinator by providing him with the examination schedule and detailed information about ordering copies of Bulletin for Students, the registration of candidates, the collection of fees, and other arrangements for the examinations. No order need be placed by the school to receive Information for Coordinators. The Coordinator for this school's Advanced Placement Examinations is: Name: Title: School: Address: Signature: The address slip below will be used to mail the booklet Information for Coordinators. Please fill out this entire sheet and r⟦eturn⟧n to⟦line⟧ D90R20—277800 College Board Advanced Placement Examinations, c/o Educational Testing Service, Box 592, Princeton, New Je⟦rse⟧y, by not later than December 9, 1960. ⟦line⟧ College Board Advanced Placement Examinations c/o Educational Testing Service, Box 592, Princeton, New Jersey To::
ceeb COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION BOARD 475 Riverside Drive, New York 27, N. Y., UNiversity 5-9500 JACK N. ARBOLINO Director of the Advanced Placement Program October 31, 1960 Dear Sir: Enclosed you will find a school participation form and the "Guide to the Advanced Placement Program." The first is self-explanatory; the "Guide" is a concise description of the College Board's plan to help high schools offer college-level courses to their best students. The Advanced Placement Program continues to grow. In 1959, 5,862 candidates from 560 schools took 8,265 examinations. In 1960 the comparable figures were 10,531 candidates, 890 schools, and 14,158 examinations. School and college teachers and administrators in all sections of the country recognize the Program as a workable way to strengthen American education. I should like to call your attention to the inside front cover of the "Guide," which carries a summary of the procedure for administering the examinations. Detailed information will be sent to schools giving the examinations. If yours is not a participating school and you would like to know more about the Program, or if you would like help in establishing it, please do not hesitate to call on us. We will be glad to help in any way we can. Sincerely yours, ⟦Jack N. Arbolino⟧ Jack N. Arbolino ⟦illegible⟧
SHAMASH SECONDARY SCHOOL | Shamash Intermediate School New Alwiyah - Baghdad | Baghdad Tel. No. 91693 | Al-Jadida Al-Alwiyah ⟦line⟧ | Telephone 91693 ⟦line⟧ No. ⟦line⟧ | No. ⟦line⟧ Date 24th October 1960 | Date ⟦line⟧ Our School Code No.with ETS: 990210 The Rector, Baghdad College, Centre for SAT and Achievement Tests, B a g h d a d. ⟦line⟧ Dear Sir, I am enclosing herewith an ETS Remittance Report together with the equivalent of $ 12.50 in Iraqi currency (ID. 4.470) being fees for the Preliminary Schlastic Aptitude Test (PSAT) which was administered on Tuesday 18th October 1960, to 25 studetns of this school. I shall be much obliged if you will kindly arrange to remit same to Educational Testing Service, Box 589, Princeton, New Jersey on behalf of my School in order to avoid probable delay caused by the usual routine necessary for the transfer of fees, in a private capacity, through the Exchange Control Department. Thanking you, I remain, Yours faithfully, ⟦signature⟧ A.S.OBADIAH, Principal. ⟦Circular purple stamp, partially legible⟧ Copy to: Educational Testing Service, Box 589, Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.A. Kindly arrange with your Baghdad centre to collect all fees of PSAT and SAT and Achievement Tests which are liable to be due to you in future from Shamash Secondary School in Baghdad, in order to cut routine to a minimum and to save unnecessary delay in the settlement of payment for such fees, by our School, through the Exchange Control Department in Bahgdad. Thank you. A.S. OBADIAH,
Shamash Secondary School Baghdad Alwiyah Al-Jadida Telephone 91693 Tel. No. 91693 No.: Number: Date: 24th October 1960 History: Our School Code No. with ETS: 990210 The Rector, Baghdad College, Centre for SAT and Achievement Tests, B a g h d a d. Dear Sir, I am enclosing herewith an ETS Remittance Report together with the equivalent of $ 12.50 in Iraqi currency (ID. ⟦5.625⟧) being fees for the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitute Test (PSAT) which was administered on Tuesday 18th October 1960, to 25 studetns of this school. I shall be much obliged if you will kindly arrange to remit same to Educational Testing Service, Box 589, Princeton, New Jersey on behalf of my School in order to avoid probable delay caused by the usual routine necessary for the transfer of fees, in a private capacity, through the Exchange Control Department. Thanking you, I remain, Yours faithfully, ⟦A.S. Obadiah⟧ A.S.OBADIAH, Principal. Copy to: Educational Testing Service, Box 589, Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.A. Kindly arrange with your Baghdad centre to collect all fees of PSAT and SAT and Achievement Tests which are liable to be due to you in future from Shamash Secondary School in Baghdad, in order to cut routine to a minimum and to save unnecessary delay in the settlement of payment for such fees, by our School, through the Exchange Control Department in Baghdad. Thank you. ⟦A.S.⟧ A.S. OBADIAH,
Form S 2 (Revised 1935) Iraqi Customs Copy ⟦illegible⟧ Declaration: Land (including Air) Import / Export: Import Via: Baghdad Airport Number: ⟦illegible⟧ Customs Post: Airport Clerk: ⟦illegible⟧ Date: ⟦illegible⟧ Total Pieces: One only Name of original Importer or Exporter: Shamash Private School Name of the person to whom ownership of funds belongs at assessment: Name of the person who exported the funds: Name of the place sent from: USA Origin of goods: USA Place of final delivery: Baghdad Pieces | Quantity, weight and description of pieces | Value | From the Customs side 1 Parcel | ⟦illegible⟧ | 1 | kg ⟦illegible⟧ | School publications | Free | | | ⟦circular stamp⟧ I / We acknowledge that the details described above are correct.: Signature of the Importer or his authorized agent: ⟦signature⟧ Date: 7 / 8 / 1968 Place: Baghdad Total estimated value in writing: Total duty in writing: Appraiser: Receipt number: Date: Treasurer: Director of Customs and Excise: ⟦signature/stamp⟧ ⟦blue stamp at bottom right⟧ ⟦illegible blue handwriting at top left⟧
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COLLEGE BOARD ceeb NEWS College Entrance Examination Board, 475 Riverside Drive, New York 27, N. Y. May 1960 — Number 7 1960-61 TEST FEES REDUCED Fees for the Scholastic Aptitude Test, the Achievement Tests, and the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test will be substantially reduced in 1960-61. Beginning with the tests administered in De- cember, the Scholastic Aptitude Test fee will be changed from the current $6 to $4, and the Achievement Test fee from $9 to $6. The fee for the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test, given in October, will be reduced from $1 to $.50. The changes in fees were made in accordance with the College Board's status as a nonprofit service agency of schools and colleges. They were made possible by two factors, operational economies achieved through the use of new facilities, methods, and equipment by Educational Testing Service, which conducts the testing programs for the Board, and the increasing numbers of students to whom the economies apply. The number of tests taken by students has grown by about 250,000 annually in the last three years with a total of approximately 1,300,000 expected in the 1959-60 academic year. It is estimated that the effect of all Board fee reductions in 1960-61 will total a savings of about $2,650,000 for students and their parents. WRITING SAMPLE SCHEDULED Administrations of an English essay exercise to be known as the Writing Sample have been scheduled for the College Board's Decem- ber 3 and January 14 testing dates in 1960-61. The Writing Sample may be taken in December either separately from the Achievement Tests, at a fee of $2, or in place of one of the three Achievement Tests to which candidates are entitled for the $6 fee. On the
January date, when Achievement Tests are not given, the Writing Sample will be administered in the afternoon at the $2 fee. Students will be given one hour to write an essay on an assigned topic. Copies of their essays, ungraded, will be sent to their schools and to the colleges they name. Further information about the Writing Sample, including a state- ment by the Board's committee on examinations, is contained in an announcement scheduled for distribution to schools and colleges in May. HEBREW, RUSSIAN TESTS ADDED Tests in Hebrew and Russian will be offered by the College Board for the first time in 1961. The tests, which will be administered at Board testing centers on the March 18 date only, will be among the Achieve- ment Tests available to students. The other one-hour objective tests in foreign languages which are part of the Achievement Test program are in French, German, Latin, and Spanish. They will continue to be administered at Board centers on the December, March, May, and August testing dates. Tests in Greek and Italian, which are taken by relatively small numbers of students, will not be given at Board centers but will be available to schools for their administration to interested students. Students taking the March or May Achievement Tests will be entitled to take the Greek or Italian test at no additional fee when it is given by their school. Italian listening test: A test in Italian will be added in 1961 to the listening comprehension test offerings, which this year included only French, German, and Spanish. It is anticipated that a Russian listen- ing comprehension test will become part of this program in 1962. These tests are administered by schools to their students on a single date approximately two weeks before the Board's March Achievement Test date. They are available at no additional charge to students who register for the March or May Achievement Tests. Schools interested in administering the test in Greek or Italian or any of the listening comprehension tests next year may make
arrangements to do so by writing to: College Board Supplementary Achievement Tests, Box 592, Princeton, New Jersey, or Box 27896, Los Angeles 27, California. COLLEGE SCHOLARSHIP SERVICE USE INCREASES Through April 15 almost 60,000 parents had filed the Parents' Con- fidential Statement form with the College Scholarship Service for transmission to colleges to which their children were applying for admission with financial aid. A substantial portion of the increase of 38 per cent in the number of statements submitted this year, as compared with the same period last year, was credited to the system introduced last fall of distributing the form to students through their schools. This procedure will be continued in 1960-61. Another con- tributing factor was the rise in number of colleges requiring the form, from 196 to 254. Transcript fee reduced: Starting next fall, students will be charged $2 for each transcript of the Parents' Confidential Statement that they request the College Scholarship Service to send to colleges. This year's fee schedule is $3 for the first copy and $2 for each additional copy. NEW COLLEGE BOARD PUBLICATIONS An unusual edition of the Report of the President of the College Board was published in May and widely distributed to school and college officers. Entitled Admission to College: A Perspective for the 1960's, the report is an analysis by Frank H. Bowles of the major educational and social factors which have determined the direction and scope of the Board's development in recent years, and of the trends that can be perceived in the foreseeable future. Topics covered are: Student Identification and Guidance, the Nature of College Preparation, Student Finance, Admissions Operations, Organization and Membership, Research, and Staff Functions and Finance. The report is available at $.50 per copy. Included in the mailing of Mr. Bowles' report was a new booklet, The College Board Today, which briefly describes the organization
and purpose of the Board, and its current testing programs, services, research interests, and associational activities. This publication is free. Test information revised: New editions of the informational ma- terials relating to the Scholastic Aptitude Test, Achievement Tests, and Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test are now in preparation for distribution in September. These include the two booklets which des- cribe the Scholastic Aptitude Test and Achievement Tests, the two leaflets for students which provide interpretive information on the test scores, and a single booklet for counselors which will consolidate interpretive materials now contained in separate booklets on the Scholastic Aptitude Test and Achievement Tests and on the Prelimi- nary Scholastic Aptitude Test. A sample set of these publications will be sent to schools and colleges in September. Schools will be asked to order copies for students who expect to take the test and for counselors. All of these publications will be free. NOYES NAMED ACTING PRESIDENT Edward S. Noyes, a former chairman of the College Board, has been appointed acting president of the Board for a two-year period begin- ning July 1. He will serve during the absence of President Frank H. Bowles, who has been granted a leave of absence to direct an interna- tional study of university admissions theory and practice. College Entrance Examination Board Post Office Box 592, Princeton, N. J. PRINCETON N. J. U.S. POSTAGE 04 : P.B. METER 366999 Director Shamash School Secondary Shamash Secondary School New Alwiyah, Baghdad 990210 Baghdad, Iraq ATTENTION: THE PRINCIPAL Form 3547 requested
⟦illegible⟧ PSAT PRELIMINARY SCHOLASTIC APTITUDE TEST EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE P. O. BOX 589 PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY PRINCETON MAY 10 '60 N. J. P.B. METER 327392 U.S. POSTAGE 07 VIA AIR MAIL ⟦window for address⟧