AI en Translation, Pages 126-150
Page 126
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
Baghdad
Telephone Number 91693
Number: F / 85 / 61
Date: 24 / 3 / 1961
His Excellency, the respected President of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
After greetings,
In view of the existence of an English language typewriter of the Royal brand with a
long carriage offered for sale, which is slightly used and in very good condition. And given
the possibility of our need for it in the upcoming school year, especially if the opening of
the commercial branch is approved. Therefore, please approve the expenditure of no more than 40/- Dinars
to purchase it. Knowing that new typewriters of its size cost approximately
(75/-) Dinars, provided that the expenditure is from the allocations set in the
school budget for the school year 1960 / 1961.
Please accept our highest respect,
Secretary of the Schools Committee
Approved
⟦illegible⟧
Proceed with purchasing it, provided it is within the school budget
19 / 4 / 1961
⟦illegible⟧
Page 127
Frank Iny School
FRANK INY SCHOOL
Intermediate & Primary
Intermediate & Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
TELEPHONE NO. 91693
No.: F / 87 / 61
Date: 24 / 3 / 1961
No.:
Date:
To the Honorable Chairman of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Baghdad
Subject: Income and expenses of Frank Iny and Shamash schools for the month of February 1961
Greetings,
First - We list below the details of the expenses for Frank Iny and Shamash schools for the month of February 1961, totaling
(2339/841) Dinars, requesting you to kindly instruct to record them as follows:
Statement | Shamash Preparatory Dinar Fils | Frank Iny Dinar Fils | Total Dinar Fils
February 61 Salaries | 355/938 | 1067/812 | 1423/750
Lecture Fees | 160/250 | 314/250 | 474/500
Teachers' Car Fees | 5/075 | 5/075 | 10/150
Drivers' fees for student transport | - | 257/000 | 257/000
Miscellaneous Expenses | 43/610 | 130/831 | 174/441
Total | 564/873 | 1774/968 | 2339/841
Second - The income for the month of February 1961 amounted to (13/500) Dinars, so please kindly instruct
to record it as revenue as listed below and as advances to the account of Frank Iny and Shamash schools:
Dinar Fils
Frank Iny school fees, second installment | 7/000
" " " extracurricular | 1/000
Student transport car fees | 4/000
Miscellaneous income, compensation for broken glass etc. | 1/500
Total | 13/500
Third - The financial position of the school on 1 / 3 / 1961:
3904/757 Balance in the Ottoman Bank on 1 / 3 / 1961
865/805 School fund balance including some advances to teachers, janitors
and drivers.
Please accept our highest respect,
Secretary of the Schools Committee
⟦illegible⟧ in the records
⟦illegible⟧
Page 128
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
Baghdad
Telephone Number 91693
Presidency of the Jewish Community
Incoming Number 219
Date 25/3/61
4/7
Number F/86/61
Date 24/3/1961
The Honorable President of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews - Baghdad
After greetings,
Based on the request of the President of the Community, we have supplied the Community Administration
with the books listed below, the price of which is 1.500 Dinars. Please be so kind as to instruct
noting them on your end as revenue in the advance accounts for Frank Iny and Shamash schools and as an expenditure
under the chapter you designate.
Please accept our highest respect,
Secretary of the Schools Committee
Book Title | Price
Fils | Quantity | Amount
Fils Dinar
The Holy Bible | 150 | 5 | -/750
Alpha Beta | 150 | 5 | -/750
⟦signature⟧
Page 129
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
Baghdad
Telephone Number 91693
Number: F/ 92 / 61
Date: 12 / 4 / 1961
Amanat al-Asima (Capital Municipality)
Greetings.
Reference to your letter numbered 6553 and dated 27 / 3 / 1961.
The amount scheduled to be collected from the sale of tickets for the play performed by our school students
is (-/150) Dinars. The net proceeds of the party (after subtracting various expenses
from the income) will be spent on clothing poor students in the Frank Iny School belonging to the Jewish
Community in Baghdad. Given that this party is held for a purely charitable purpose, please
be so kind as to exempt the tickets from fees, with thanks.
Please accept our highest respect.
Isaac Cohen
Acting Director
A copy to / Directorate of Education of Baghdad Province / Rusafa
Governorate of Baghdad Province
Ministry of Social Affairs ⟦With the request to approach the Capital Municipality for that purpose⟧
Presidency of the Jewish Community / For information
Amanat al-Asima (Capital Municipality)
Section ⟦illegible⟧
Number ⟦illegible⟧
Date ⟦illegible⟧
Page 130
Frank Iny School
Intermediate & Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
FRANK INY SCHOOL
Intermediate & Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
TELEPHONE No. 91693
Number F/61
Date 24 / 7 / 1961
No. ⟦line⟧
Date ⟦line⟧
⟦illegible blue rectangular stamp⟧
The Honorable President of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Greetings.
Subject/ Revenues and expenses of Frank Iny and Shamash schools for the month of June 1961
First - We list below the details of the expenses of Frank Iny and Shamash schools for the month of June 1961 amounting to
(4459/028) Dinars, requesting you to kindly instruct to record them as follows:
Total | Shamash High School | Frank Iny | Type
Dinar Fils | Dinar Fils | Dinar Fils |
3732 750 | 933 187 | 2799 563 | Salaries of teachers and administration for the month
of June 1961, including salary advances
for July and August 1961 for some
teachers and an advance on account of
supervision allowances for the period starting
1 / 4 / 1961, per Administrative Committee letter
M/387 / 62 on 12 / 3 / 1961
137 100 | 31 000 | 106 100 | Lecture fees
21 100 | 10 550 | 10 550 | Teachers' car fees
257 000 | 00 000 | 257 000 | Drivers' fees for student transport
93 000 | 00 000 | 93 000 | Travel fees for Madame Lucille per contract
terms
215 328 | 53 832 | 161 496 | Miscellaneous expenses
2 750 | 00 000 | 2 750 | Naqqar Endowment, price of books for 1961 summer awards
4459 028 | ⟦line⟧ | ⟦line⟧ | ⟦line⟧
Four thousand four hundred fifty-nine Dinars and twenty-eight Fils.
Second - Revenues - None
Third - Financial status of the school as of 30 / 6 / 1961
371/662 Cash balance on 1 / 7 / 1961 including advances to some teachers and janitors
1904/757 Bank balance on 1 / 7 / 1961
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦signature⟧
Secretary of the Schools Committee
Page 131
FRANK INY SCHOOL FRANK INY SCHOOL
INTERMEDIATE & PRIMARY INTERMEDIATE & PRIMARY
Baghdad Baghdad
Telephone No. 91693 Telephone No. 91693
No.: .....F/ /59
No.: ⟦line⟧
Date: 20 / 10 / 1959
Date: ⟦line⟧
Honorable Chairman of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Greetings.
Reference to your letter No. M/218/59 dated 17/8/1959 regarding the decision
of the committee to send student Sasson Yehuda Azouri to study in England at the
expense of the late Hesqel Menachem Daniel's endowments and to assist him in obtaining the necessary acceptance to
one of the colleges.
The aforementioned person has obtained a certificate of acceptance from one of England's institutes for the year
starting in October 1959, and he has also obtained the necessary visa for his entry
into England.
Please kindly approve the payment of his airfare from Baghdad
to London, and please also pay the amount of (300/-) three hundred dinars to him as an initial payment
for study expenses in his first year, after binding him with a guarantee according to the followed procedures.
Please accept our utmost respect.
Abdullah Obadia
Principal
Copy to / Schools Committee
Scholarships file
Page 132
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
Al-Alwiyah Al-Jadida - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
No: F/ 610
Date: 10 / 30 / 1961
⟦illegible⟧
The Honorable Chairman of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Greetings.
Please kindly approve the payment of an amount of forty-nine dinars to purchase
fabric and sewing fees for the uniforms of the school's cleaners, numbering seven, as was done in previous
years.
Please accept our highest respect.
Secretary of the Schools Committee
⟦illegible⟧
Approved
11 / 17 / 961
⟦signature⟧
Page 133
FRANK INY SCHOOL
Intermediate & Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
TELEPHONE No. 91693
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
No.: ⟦line⟧
Date: ⟦line⟧
No.: ⟦...⟧ / 61
Date: 10 / 30 / 1961
Presidency of the Jewish Community
⟦illegible⟧
His Excellency the Chairman of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews, Respectfully
Greetings.
Subject / Income and payments of the Frank Iny and Shamash schools for the month of September 1961
First - Listed below are the details of the expenses of the Frank Iny and Shamash schools for the month of September 1961, totaling
(1731 / 737) Dinars, requesting your kind instruction to record them with you as follows: -
Total | Shamash Secondary | Frank Iny
Dinar Fils | Dinar Fils | Dinar Fils
Salaries of teachers and administration for the month of | 1026 ... | 342 ... | 1368 ...
September 1961
Teachers' cars | 10 375 | 10 375 | 20 750
Miscellaneous expenses | 92 240 | 30 747 | 122 987
Mission account Ghanem Sassoon | 150 ... | | 150 ...
Obadiah Shochet
School Annex Building Account | | | 70 ...
⟦line⟧ | ⟦line⟧ | ⟦line⟧ | ⟦line⟧
| 1278 615 | 383 122 | 1731 737
Second - Income - Part of the first installment of school fees for the year (61 / 1962)
Third - The financial position of the school on 9 / 30 / 1961.
632 / 907 School fund balance on 10 / 1 / 1961 including some advances
to teachers, drivers, and janitors
4802 / 757 Ottoman Bank balance on 10 / 1 / 1961 including part of the fees
school for the academic year 61 / 1962.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦signature⟧
Secretary of the Schools Committee
Page 134
Shamash Preparatory School
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
FRANK INY SCHOOL
Intermediate & Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
TELEPHONE No. 91693
⟦illegible⟧
History ⟦illegible⟧
Number: F / 328 / B / 60
Date: <del>12/20/1960</del>
No.:
Date.:
Honorable President of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Greetings,
I have previously informed you in the past regarding the possibility of my reappointment to service at the University of Baghdad
During your absence from Iraq, I was assigned to join the university to fill some vacancies
existing in one of the higher institutes, on an urgent basis. Accordingly, and in view of the imminent
issuance of my appointment order and the probability of my commencement of work at the university on 12/25/1960, please
consider me resigned from the management of Frank Iny School and Shamash Preparatory School as of 12/25/1960.
Given my concern for the interests of these two schools, especially since I have held the position of
director there for about eight consecutive years, during which the two schools reached a level that rivals, in my
belief, the levels of the finest schools, I still feel that it is my duty to contribute to the service of our schools
and to cooperate with the respected Administrative Committee in this service in the manner you see fit.
Please accept my highest respect.
Abdullah Obeidia
The Director
Copy to /
His Excellency the President of the Mosaic Community for your kind information
Schools Committee
Page 135
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
Alwiyah Al-Jadida - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
Number: F / 56 / 62
Date: 2 / 3 / 1962
⟦Presidency of the Mosaic Community⟧
⟦Baghdad⟧
The Honorable Chairman of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Greetings.
I enclose herewith the original letter from New York University regarding the student (Ibrahim Saadi)
Munshi Ibrahim, requesting consideration of granting him the financial aid that
you deem appropriate for the purpose of completing his studies, with the request to return the university letter to us
to be kept in the student's personal file. Note that this student had
graduated from Shamash Preparatory School in the summer of 1958 with excellence and distinction, and he is among the students who
deserve aid. Your esteemed committee has previously allocated him financial aid
amounting to (300 / -) Dinars, to be paid to his guardian in two equal installments,
which he has not received until now as far as I know.
Please accept our highest respect.
Secretary of the Schools Committee
Copy to:
Schools Committee
Personal File
Page 136
FRANK INY SCHOOL
Intermediate & Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
TELEPHONE NO. 91693
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
No.: L / 8 / 61
Date: 1 / 2 / 1961
No.:
Date.:
Schools Committee
Honorable Chairman of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Greetings,
With reference to your letter No. M / 373 / 61 dated 1/23/1961 regarding the establishment of an institute for vocational study. Our committee met on 1/31/1961 in the presence of Messrs. Heskel Seity, Sasson Bashi, Meer Basri, and Abdullah Oubadia. After discussing the subject from its various aspects, the committee reached the following points:
First - The idea of establishing a vocational institute for male and female students specializing in commercial subjects such as accounting, bookkeeping, shorthand, typing, secretarial work, and other subjects, is in principle an acceptable and useful idea, and the Schools Committee recommends bringing it into existence. Provided that the expenditure for this project shall be from the proceeds of the endowments of the late Heskel Menachem Daniel.
Second - The first step to implement this project requires constructing the building, which the Administrative Committee had decided to construct since the spring of 1960 as an annex to the Frank Iny School, especially since the Shamash and Frank Iny schools currently have an urgent need for additional classrooms, noting that the school administration in the current academic year is forced to use the large hall, the laboratory, and the library as classrooms. Therefore, our committee deems it necessary to commence construction of this building immediately for the purpose of implementing the project of opening the commercial branch under discussion. Note that it is preferable in this case to attribute the building project to the endowments of the late Heskel Menachem Daniel in terms of naming.
Third - The committee believes that this project should be initiated in stages. Provided that the first stage begins by opening a fourth preparatory commercial class attached to the Shamash Preparatory School in the upcoming 1961 / 1962 academic year, followed by a fifth preparatory commercial class in the following year. This is to facilitate the commencement of the project's implementation in terms of obtaining the necessary license from the competent authorities at the Ministry of Education and other technical aspects. Provided that a decision be made regarding obtaining a special license to open an independent institute under the name of Heskel Menachem Daniel Institute at an appropriate time in the future after the project fulfills its various conditions from the scientific, technical, and administrative aspects in terms of the availability of permanent specialist professors and the application of appropriate curricula for an important institute of this kind.
- Continued on p. 2 -
Page 137
FRANK INY SCHOOL
Intermediate & Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
TELEPHONE NO. 91693
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
New Alwiyah - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
No.:
No. for: 60/8/600
Date:
Date: 10/2/60
Schools Committee
- p. 2 -
Fourth - The expenditure categories for a project like this can be classified into two types: The first type includes
spending on necessary equipment and furniture such as Arabic and English typewriters, their tables,
the necessary chairs for them, and so on. This is spent only once and the value of that is estimated at approximately
2500/- to 3000/- Dinars. As for the second type of expenditure, it includes educational expenses
for teachers' salaries, lecture fees, and the like. The teaching expenses for the Fourth
Commercial Grade in the first year are estimated at approximately 1750/- Dinars annually, and for the Fourth
and Fifth grades together in the second year and subsequent years at approximately 2750/- Dinars annually.
Fifth - The committee also discussed the possibility of an insufficient number of male and female students enrolling
in the commercial branch to form suitable classes. In that case, it will also be possible to benefit
from the establishment of the project by making it limited to training external students after their
regular school hours, whether they are those who have completed their preparatory studies or others. In that,
there is also a service to our children.
Accordingly, our committee recommends approving this project and commencing the planned construction as quickly
as possible so that the project can be implemented at the beginning of the upcoming (1961 / 1962) academic year.
Please accept our highest respect,,
President
Meer Basri
Copy to:
Presidency of the Mosaic Community - for kind perusal.
Page 138
Frank Iny School
Intermediate and Primary
Alawiya Al-Jadida - Baghdad
Telephone: 91693
Number: L / 15 / 61
Date: 15 / 10 / 61
4/92
To the Honorable Chairman of the Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Greetings,
Due to the lack of desire by Mr. Heskel Ephraim, teacher at Frank Iny
School, to renew his employment contract, the Schools Committee decided in its
session held on 10 / 26 / 1961 to accept the resignation of the aforementioned from his
educational position starting from 10 / 1 / 1961. Please be advised.
Please accept our highest respect.
Secretary of the Schools Committee
Copy to / Management of Frank Iny School
The aforementioned
Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Number ⟦illegible⟧
Date 5 / 11 / 1961
To be archived
Page 139
Telephone: Woolwich 2856
Principal:
HAROLD HEYWOOD, D.Sc. ENG., Ph.D., THE WOOLWICH POLYTECHNIC,
A.C.G.I., WH.SCH., M.I.MECH.E., M.I.CHEM.E. LONDON, S.E.18
Secretary & Clerk to the Governing Body:
J. F. S. HALLIWELL, A.C.I.S.
18th May, 1961.
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
Full-time Courses—Certificate of Admission
This is to certify that the student named below has
been admitted to a course of four years duration
leading to the
⟦B. Sc. Engineering Degree, the first⟧
⟦year being for the General Certificate of⟧
⟦Education Advanced Level.⟧
commencing on 19
Monday,
25th September, 1961.
Harold Heywood,
Principal.
Mr. G. S. Shohet,
Arasah 32 Alwiyah,
Baghdad,
IRAQ.
Page 141
Basra July 26, 1961
62/22
Salmat
Noura Mustafa
To the respected Mr. Salman Daniel
After greetings,
I received the School Committee's letter numbered Sh/62/61 dated
July 2, 1961 with thanks. On the occasion of the examination results being released, I mention to you the following:
1- My son Elia Sabah has achieved excellent grades in the subjects related to his specialization,
which are 99 in Mathematics, 98 in Solid Geometry, and 91 in Physics, and his total score is
549 marks.
2- Attached herewith is a copy of his acceptance letter to Newcastle College in England.
3- I will start the process for his passport this week.
4- I will bring the required documents to your Excellency soon.
After the above, I have no doubt whatsoever that the scholarship allocated to him by you, thankfully, was
motivated by you and your humanitarian feelings, but due to the meager circumstances, it is not very useful. Since I am confident in your concern
for the sons of the community and your desire to help them, and my feeling of the good intentions of the respected committee members, this has prompted me
to seek more of their kindness and to increase this scholarship so that, based on my capabilities, I can provide him with
a decent living and education. His request is for an annual scholarship double what was stated in your letter above.
As the remaining time until his travel date is short, I hope to receive your answer quickly so that I may be
aware of the situation. I am hopeful that my plea will be answered so that the assistance may be beneficial.
I repeat my thanks and my best wishes to you.
Please accept the highest respect.
Sincerely,
Salim Elia Abboud
Modern Baghdadi Supply Store / Basra
Page 142
DEVON COUNTY EDUCATION COMMITTEE
THE NORTH DEVON TECHNICAL COLLEGE
Principal: Old Sticklepath Hill Tel.
S.W.Williams Barnstaple Barnstaple 4290
B.A.(COMM.)F.R.S.A., N. Devon
F.R.Econ.S.
Our Ref. AI4/CHW/AEG.
27th March, I96I.
Mrs M. C. Sibbons,
The British Council,
"Brookfield",
New North Road,
Exeter.
Dear Mrs. Sibbons,
Mr. Elia Sabah Salim-Iraq
I am prepared to accept Mr. E.S.Salim for a two-year G.C.E.
Advanced Level Course in this College starting in September I96I.
As he is preparing for Civil Engineering I assume he will take
Pure Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, and Physics at "A" level,
together with any necessary subsidiary subjects to gain him
admission to a Degree course in a Univers ity.
Yours faithfully,
( Signature )
Vice Principal.
Page 143
Telegram 11
Internal and External Medium Telegram
Iraqi Post and Telegraph Administration
Time of delivery ⟦10/15⟧ Telegram type ⟦S⟧
Sent at ... hour ... minute ... serial number 10 Office Stamp
Dispatched by ⟦illegible⟧
Received at 3 hour 47 minute from ⟦Basra⟧
Received by 16
Words 17 | Notes | Date 31 | Issuing Office Baghdad
31 JLY 61
TEL
BAGHDAD
To 21 Secretary of the Jewish Community Baghdad
My son Naji's passport is in process we sent
to you for Mr. Daniel Soulaee
27
Page 144
Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Number 61/ 289
Date: 31 / 3 / 1961
Telephone Number 5452
Subject ::
To the Honorable Director of the Frank Iny and Shamash Schools
Greetings
We have paid to Whinney Murray & Co. in Baghdad an amount of -/155 Dinars
as fees for auditing the accounts of your two schools for the period from 10/1/59 until 9/30/960
and we have recorded it as an expense for you in the advances account, so please mark it in your records. Best regards.
The President
⟦Salman⟧
4/94
Frank Iny
Page 146
Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Telephone Number 5452
No. ::
Date :: 10/⟦17⟧/1961
Subject ::
To /
Secretary of the Schools Committee
Reference your letter numbered L / 13 / 61 dated 10 / 13 / 1961
The Administrative Committee, in its session held on 10 / 13 / 1961, approved granting the
monthly increments indicated in your letter referred to above to the teaching staff of Frank Iny School
and Shamash Secondary School; the Committee also authorized Mr. Abdullah Oueydia, Secretary of the Schools
Committee, the authority to execute employment contracts for the teaching staff of the two aforementioned schools.
Vice President
Frank Iny
Page 147
Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Telephone Number: 5452
Number:
Date: 10/15/1961
Subject:
⟦handwritten in blue ink, faded background text:⟧ To the Secretary of the Schools Committee
⟦handwritten in blue ink, faded background text:⟧ With reference to your letter No. L/13/11 dated 10/13/1961, the Administrative Committee approved
⟦handwritten in blue ink, faded background text:⟧ in its session held on 10/13/1961 to grant the monthly allowance indicated in
⟦handwritten in blue ink, faded background text:⟧ your above-mentioned letter to the teaching staff of Frank Iny School and Shamash Preparatory School.
⟦handwritten in blue ink, faded background text:⟧ The committee also authorized Mr. Abdullah Obadia, Secretary of the Schools Committee,
⟦handwritten in blue ink, faded background text:⟧ the power to sign employment contracts for the teaching staff of the two mentioned schools.
Secretary of the Schools Committee
With reference to your letter No. L/11/13 dated 10/13/1961
The Administrative Committee approved in its session held on 10/13/1961 to grant the allowance
monthly indicated in your above-mentioned letter to the teaching staff of Frank Iny School
and Shamash Preparatory School. The committee also authorized Mr. Abdullah Obadia, Secretary of the
Schools Committee, the power to sign employment contracts for the teaching staff of the two mentioned schools.
Vice President
Page 149
Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Telephone Number: 5452
Number: 1481/61
Date: 12/24/1961
Subject:
To the Secretariat of the Schools Committee
With reference to your two letters numbered L/61/14 and F/61/283 dated 10/30/61
The committee approved at its meeting held on 11/17/1961:
1 - The disbursement of fifty dinars to Mr. Na'im Abbar for the purpose of hiring teachers
for the English language.
2 - Approval of the disbursement of 49/- dinars for the value of winter clothing for the servants of
Frank Iny School.
The President
⟦illegible⟧
4/98
Frank Iny School
Page 150
Administrative Committee for Iraqi Jews
Telephone Number 5452
⟦line⟧
Number: 61/482
Date: 12/22/1961
Subject: ⟦line⟧
To - The Presidency of the Ezra Menachem Daniel Stadium
Reference to your letter dated 11/28/1961 regarding the stadium's investigative budget
for the school year 60/61.
The committee, in its session held on 12/15/1961, reviewed your letter referred
to above and the attached table, and decided to approve the investigative budget
for the stadium for the school year 960/961, amounting to 2070/168 Dinars, and considered it
a final expenditure.
The President
⟦stamp: The President / ...⟧
A copy to -
The Accountant - For information
4/99
⟦illegible handwriting in red ink⟧