Voices from the Archive

IJA 2691

Verification Certificates; Financial Assistance Requests; Correspondence and Newspaper Clippings about Anti-Jewish Sentiments in Iraq

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Description

These are documents from the Baghdadi Jewish community. The item includes a handwritten grade book, birth and marriage certificates, and correspondence regarding requests for financial assistance from Iraqi Jewish charitable organizations. One letter is from a father requesting financial assistance from a university and the President of the Jewish Community confirming these issues. The item also contains many newspaper clippings and correspondence regarding increasing anti-Jewish sentiments and sectarianism in Iraq.

Metadata

Archive Reference
IJA 2691
Item Number
5535
Date
Approx. January 1, 1921 to December 31, 1930
Languages
Arabic, English
Keywords
Birth Certificates, Ministry of Justice, Teachers, Newspaper, Ledger, File Folder, Typed, Iraqi Government, Marriage Certificates, Baghdad Chamber of Commerce, Clippings, Frank Iny Secondary School, Dowry, Meir Elias Hospital, Letterhead, University, Palestine, Chief Rabbi, President of the Jewish Community, Annotation, Anti Semitism, Revenue Stamps, Students

AI English Translation, Pages 51-75

Archival unit 51

Newspaper: ⟦line⟧
Number: ⟦line⟧
Date: ⟦line⟧
(Al-Sha'ab)
A Heinous Crime in Sulaymaniyah
They strangled him due to a dispute over his debt to them
The telegraph brought us the following cable from | before them a day before the incident by paying the amounts
Sulaymaniyah signed by (134) signatures | on the day of the incident and they took him to their house
We publish it for public opinion to view | and strangled him there after precise planning
It requests the responsible authorities to conduct | for the felony, such as sending their families outside
investigations against the criminals and bring them to | for an outing, and they transported him in their car as they are
justice. | car owners, and the signs
On 4-23-947, an | and strong evidence indicating the crime are available
aching incident occurred in Sulaymaniyah itself that wounded | but despite the passage of this period until
the depths of the hearts of everyone with human sensitivity | now his body has not been found due to their display
and caused an extraordinary terror in the souls | of dominance, and no one dares to come forward
in which the maximum limits of brutality were represented | with testimony, despite its abundance, for fear of them. Therefore
which is that a young man named Saadi Yusuf | we seek help through the strength and justice of your
at the age of twenty-five and who has | respected government to take urgent measures to find
three children, the oldest of whom does not exceed | the body of the victim and to reveal the crime
seven years of age, and is responsible for supporting | clearly to present it to the judiciary
many people, he was owed by ⟦line⟧ | so that the perpetrators receive the legal punishment
⟦line⟧ under a promissory note an amount of | in fulfillment of justice and as a deterrent to the influential.
862.500 dinars, and he was promised by | * * *

Archival unit 52

Al-Jarida:
Number:
Date:
Withdrawal of Mr. Shalom Darwish
from the ninth district elections
What is the position of the other party candidates?
We received from Mr. Shalom Darwish | from the list of Jewish candidates.
The National Democratic Party candidate | It is expected that Mr.
for the Jewish representation in Baghdad | Nail Samhairi, the National
a copy of the letter he submitted to | Democratic Party candidate for Christians,
the Baghdad Governorate, in which | will also announce his withdrawal for the same reasons.
he says that in implementation of the | Also, the position of the Independence Party
Central Administrative Committee's decision | in the parliamentary elections and the current
to withdraw the party's deputies from the | Council indicates that its candidates, Mr.
Parliament, and since the Parliament has | Ismail Al-Ghanim for Muslims and Talal
decided to rerun the ninth district elections, | George for Christians, will withdraw
he has decided to withdraw from the | from the elections as well.
aforementioned elections and requests to strike his name. | 
⟦line⟧

Archival unit 53

The Newspaper ⟦line⟧
Number ⟦line⟧
Date ⟦line⟧ 15 May ⟦...⟧
Demands of Teachers in the Schools
of the Jewish Community
We received a word from a "teacher" describing
the status of various institutions belonging to the Jewish
community in Baghdad, and then he says that about
four months ago, the male and female teachers
of the Jewish community schools submitted
a petition to the Jewish Schools Committee
requesting the equalization of their salaries with the salaries
of public school teachers and the establishment of a fixed
system for promotion and guaranteeing a retirement pension
on which the teacher can live during old age or inability
to work.
However, the Jewish Schools Committee
ignored this request, and after several
follow-ups, the committee promised the teachers it would fulfill
their aforementioned demands, but to no avail.
The committee finally resolved to increase
the salaries of teachers who did not receive
an increase last year by an amount of one and a half
dinars, and increase the salaries of teachers who
were promoted last year by an amount of one dinar.
The author of the word says that this rate
of increase is unfair, and he requests the fulfillment
of the teachers' demands referred to above.

Archival unit 54

⟦21 / 1 / 1948⟧
(1948)
And God is with us!
The colleague (Iraq Times) published in
its local news the day before yesterday the following report.
(Iraq Times) recently received
an unsigned letter written in carbon on
unstamped paper (without a distinguishing watermark)
It was written in French and placed inside
an envelope sent by mail from Baghdad and written
in French: -
« We have waited for a very long time while
our Zionist enemies were working secretly and openly
trying to steal Palestine from us ».
« And it will not be long before the world talks about
(Arab Defenders of Palestine), which is an institution
founded by (our President) with the help of several dignitaries from
every country that wishes to put an end to the power of the international
Zionists and fight the forces of evil ».
« Our brothers in Palestine ask for nothing
other than to live in peace with the peaceful Jews,
but nevertheless they will not be able to remain quiet
without lifting a finger when they see their country
turning into a battlefield. Likewise, we
cannot remain idle, because their cause
is our cause ».
« We have decided to fight the invader and
we have laid our plans, and with the help of our
European friends we will strangle evil at its source ».
« (Our President) has ordered us not to carry out any
action in Palestine temporarily because there is much
misery prevailing in the country. But justice
will take its course - this is as certain as
night follows day - and the hour has drawn near
and God is with us » . ⟦The News⟧

Archival unit 55

30 June 947 - 10701
Anonymous Letter
to the Editor
The letter below is published al-
though it is anonymous not be-
cause the Editor considers it to
have news value, but to prove that
this paper is not afraid of critic-
ism, particularly when it is child-
ish. Because he has, since the
publication of the message it des-
cribes, been bombarded by letters
from apparent Zionists, he takes
this opportunity to point out that
the circular on the Arab under-
ground was published, not as a
Letter to the Editor, but as a news
item as a matter of very consider-
able public interest. Any further
anonymous letters on this subject
will go, like the earlier ones, into
the waste-paper basket. Letters
accompanied by names and ad-
dressed are always welcome.
To The Editor,
SIR, In The Iraq Times dated 21st
June, 1947, you published an
anonymous message in the local
news column under the heading
"Arab underground to fight for
Palestine."
It is indeed very amazing to know
that paper like The Iraq Times
which abides by the publishing rules
goes out of the way to publish an un-
signed letter after taking the trouble
of translating it from French to Eng-
lish.
The motive in publishing such let-
ters are too obvious to the public, it
is part of the British Policy to start
enimosity between Jew and Arab
and to give instructions to the Arabs
by way of suggestions.
The world is tired of the well
known British Policy of "Divide and
Rule" and the Arabs know too well
who is the real enemy.
We advise the respectable paper
not to publish such absured letters
less, by so doing it will draw ridicule
to itself, and in the end we ask the
honourable editor if in publishing
that letters he was promted by the
freedom of the press; will he apply
the same rule to this letter thereby
showing us the British democracy
and freedom of the press of which
we have heard a lot.
Yours (X).
Baghdad, 22nd June, 1947.
June 21
5191
LOCAL NEWS
Arab Underground
to Fight for
Palestine
The following anonymous mes-
sage, duplicated on unwatermarked
paper, was received by The Iraq
Times recently. It was written
in French, and contained in an en-
velope posted in Baghdad and ad-
dressed in French:
"We have waited too long while our
Jewish enemies have worked.
Openly and covertly, they have
tried to steal our Palestine from
us.
"Soon the world will talk of the
Arab Defenders of Palestine, an
organisation created by our Chief
with the assistance of many no-
tables from every country, who
wish to put an end to Jewish
world power and to fight the for-
ces of the spirit of evil.
"Our brothers in Palestine ask no-
thing except to live in peace with
the peaceful Jews; nevertheless
they cannot remain undisturbed
when they see their country trans-
formed into a field of battle. We
also cannot remain inactive, since
their cause is our cause.
"We have decided to fight the in-
vader. Our plans are made and
with the help of our European
friends we shall stifle the evil at
its source.
"Our Chief has ordered us to take
no action in Palestine for the mo-
ment, because there is already too
much misery. But as surely as
day follows night justice will be
done. The hour approaches and
God is with us."

Archival unit 56

Regarding the theft of questions
Much has been said about the theft of questions
for general examinations, and rumors have
gone in various directions regarding how to obtain
them; some were accurate and some were not, but I
in this statement clarify what I felt with my hands, what
I saw with my eyes, and what I heard with my ears.
The theft of questions stems from two sources
in addition to the rest of the sources that we cannot
deny: The first source is the children
of prominent figures whose cars
were roaming the streets all night; leave this aside,
as they meet in the morning by themselves
and discuss them, so if a student arrives
who has no knowledge of the questions, the course of the conversation changes.
They spread through them, as each gave them
to his friend, and so from friend to friend
and from relative to relative. Likewise,
these individuals were at the forefront of students solving the questions
at a time when the strongest students could not complete
the questions, even though the level of these individuals is much
lower than the level of some students, and that is
due to what you know about their abilities in school,
and school averages are the best witness and proof.
As the general results appear, we hope they are compared
with school averages; at that point, the truth
will emerge. The other point is that
these individuals, when solving the questions, you see them with the pen
flowing like a torrent; neither does their pen stop for a moment
nor do their tongues falter for a second, as if revelation
descends upon them while they write. This is
the first source.
As for the second source, it is what I heard with my ears
from one of the students of Shamash School, right after
his exit from the hall, when his friend asked him
inquiring about his answer, and he said: How could I not answer?
The school administration bought the questions for (400)
dinars and distributed them to the students for free, and this
spread is only through us. After this
confession, we cannot speak except by presenting
these actions to the Ministry of Education so that
it may conduct an investigation with the real thieves
and so that justice takes its course.
Muhammad Ahmad Al-Khafaji
Al-Sijill: What we have learned is that the questions
were given to Al-Hilla by telephone and there they became
in high demand.

Archival unit 57

⟦illegible⟧ Bill of the Law for the Organization of ⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧ 1981 ⟦illegible⟧
Bill of the Law for the Organization of
Religious Courts for Denominations
The following is the speech of His Excellency Senator Ezra Menachem regarding the Bill of the Law for the Organization of Religious Courts
for the Christian and Mosaic denominations, which he delivered in the session of the Senate held on
Saturday 5/7/1947:
It is well known that the Denominational Council does not have | within three days of receiving the order
a spiritual code of procedure, nor a law | a list of the names of five spiritual leaders whom
organizing its affairs. The government has done | the government deemed appropriate to elect for this purpose. However,
well by presenting this bill for the purpose of organizing them. | the Ministry informed the head of the denomination in its letter
We also welcome their interest in presenting a bill | dated April 20 that one of the members
secondly on the rules of procedure for the denominations. | had resigned and that it had appointed someone else. However,
As for the reasons for my opposition to this bill, they are | the member appointed by the Ministry directly
because I see that some of its articles do not agree with | also resigned, and for this reason, it requested the head of
the principles followed by the state in the trial of | the denomination to send it a list of the names of those nominated
courts, and some others do not | from the rabbis to choose one of them to complete
agree with the provisions of the Constitution. | the special council intended to re-
The Constitution defined the jurisdiction of each of | examine the decision of the Court of Cassation, and accordingly,
the three types of courts: the civil | the head of the denomination submitted a list of the names of seven persons
courts, the religious courts, and the special courts. | from the rabbis for the Ministry to elect one
Each of these three types must | of them. Upon the Ministry's request, the head of the
examine the cases of the type and limits specified | denomination submitted another list with the names of the rest of the rabbis
in the Constitution and may not examine others. | who were not included in the list due to excuses they had
Just as the Constitution does not permit amending its texts | for accepting membership in the special council, with
by law. | an explanation of their excuses.
The article regarding the jurisdiction of the spiritual | The last letter was submitted on June 10,
councils is: | and the head of the denomination has not yet received
The spiritual councils shall examine: | any response from the Ministry of Justice regarding the name
1 - Matters related to marriage, | of the member whose election to the vacant membership
dowry, divorce, separation, alimony, | of the special council was decided upon, even though the head of
and the certification of wills, unless they are | the denomination nominated seven spiritual leaders
certified by a notary public, except for internal | who were ready to accept membership for His
matters within the jurisdiction of civil courts | Excellency to choose one of them.
regarding members of the denomination, excluding foreigners | Based on this argument, and even before
among them. | the cause of this argument occurred, the Ministry
2 - Other matters of personal status | is presenting a bill, Article 18 of which stipulates authorizing
related to the acknowledgment of denominations upon | the Minister to refer a case from the religious courts
the agreement of the litigants. | to the civil courts in case of refusal, and Article 10
I regret that His Excellency the Minister of | of it authorizes the Minister to dismiss a religious judge
Justice did not remain in the committee until the end of the discussion | without trial or right of defense, claiming not to
because he was busy with other matters, as he left the committee | touch his dignity.
and entrusted the response to His Excellency the Head of Legal | The trial of a religious judge, like all other judges
Drafting, who was present with him in the committee | and magistrates, before a special committee for this purpose
and who remained keen that this | is a matter necessitated by public interest and harmony in
bill should not be touched by any amendment. I believe that what | our laws. A refusal should not be considered
His Excellency stated before the committee, that | a refusal unless all members of the spiritual council
thirty members of the Mosaic Spiritual Council | refuse, and their number is usually between 5 and 7,
refused to hear one of the cases for which | and the Minister was unable to form the court.
His Excellency the Minister requested a re-examination of its | In such a serious case, one must reflect on whether
cassation judgment, had a profound impact on the acceptance | there are serious substantive reasons preventing
of the bill by the committee as it is without | all members of the spiritual council from examining
change. | a case within its jurisdiction to hear and judge
In view of the seriousness of the statements of His Excellency | according to their own religious laws.
the Head of Legal Drafting, I proceeded to investigate | With these words, I do not wish to say that
the news from the competent authority. This is what | denominational justice does not need organization and
I learned from him, so let the Minister be sure of | rules codified by law, because the rules followed
its correctness. | at present in religious courts are based
His Excellency the Minister of Justice requested from | on custom and tradition. Furthermore, the judgments
the head of the Jewish community, based on a | issued by religious courts, despite being
final decision issued on March 33 last, to form | based on established religious provisions, appear to those
a special council to re-examine the decision of the | unacquainted with the specific religious laws as if they
Jewish Religious Court of Cassation regarding a case | do not agree with the provisions of other laws.
of alimony, where the amount ruled was claimed to be | So these problems will disappear after the issuance of this
disproportionate to his financial capacity. The head | bill, which necessitates collecting religious texts
and translating them into Arabic so that they can be relied
upon in judgment, enabling the government
and the litigants to review and discuss them in
case of violation. Also, establishing rules of procedure
will remove the other part of the problems, which are
the greatest cause of misunderstanding.
In view of the serious reasons I have narrated

Archival unit 58

The Israeli Council
the Jewish
Denounces the statements of Zionist leaders
Damascus 26: The Israelite Community Council
in Syria holds a general meeting
to draft a memorandum to be submitted to the Secretariat
General of the United Nations, declaring therein that
what the International Commission of Inquiry heard from
some Zionist leaders about the persecution
of Jews in the Arab countries has no basis in
truth; and the Council will send a telegram to this
effect to the Commission of Inquiry in Geneva.

Archival unit 59

Newspaper:
Number:
Date:
A Word of Reproach
To our Jewish brothers in Iraq
Recent telegrams reported that the Jewish
communities in Egypt, Syria, and Lebanon have
sent various telegrams and messages to the
International Commission of Inquiry, expressing their solidarity
with the Arabs with whom they have lived in permanent harmony
and sincere affection, and expressing
their absolute support for the just Arab demands
and the national rights claimed by the original
people of Palestine. More importantly, those
communities responded violently to the statements
of Zionist leaders in which they declared that
Jews live a life of misery, tyranny,
and humiliation in Arab countries. They showed that
since they settled in these lands, they have had
the same rights as all citizens
and attained all the privileges enjoyed by their
Arab brothers, and that Arabs and Jews in
the East lived for century after century dealing
with each other and living together as any
citizen lives. And if any misunderstanding
occurred, it was due to the Europeans who
intervened between the sons of the nation, wanting to
divide them.
And how beautiful it would have been if our brothers
in Iraq had done this, while the Arab nation is in a
decisive position among its positions in the fields of struggle. And how
much of a beautiful impact this work would have had on the souls
of the people of the Arab countries, who would have known that among
them are Jewish communities who feel
their feelings and fight their struggle.
And how much we regretted that Iraqi Jews did not
participate in this arena and declare, along with
their Jewish brothers in the Arab countries, that they
lived in Iraq in affection and harmony and that they
refute the Zionist allegations that distort
the situation and attack the Arabs on every occasion
accusing them of harming the Jewish community
and not treating them with the same kindness as others. Then,
how great was our regret that our brothers
the Jews did not do the same, they who lived in these
lands a life of permanent peace and a life of stability
undisturbed by any distress or troubled by aggression. They
enjoyed all the rights that an Iraqi enjoys
and dealt as every citizen deals
in all fields; in fact, they had the upper hand
in the field of economic life.
If they had participated in this step,
they would have performed their duty by choice and paid
the debts they owe toward their homeland in which
they lived, enjoyed its bounties, breathed
its air, and sought shade under its sky.

Archival unit 60

489
5 August 942
Certificate
Based on the marriage certificate number 97, we hereby confirm that Mr. Abdullah
son of Elias son of Ezra Qoein has married in Baghdad Miss Helwa daughter of Nissim
son of Eliyahu Yeshu'a on the date of 7 December of the year one thousand nine hundred and thirty
nine.
Alwan
Head of the Community

Archival unit 61

Branches: Basra, Mosul, Kirkuk
Telephone number: Baghdad 109
Telegram: Taxi . Baghdad
Codes: Bentley's
Khedouri and Ezra Meir Lawee
Baghdad
for Economical Transportation
CHEVROLET
Number: 1650
Baghdad on: 17 August / 1943
His Eminence Rabbi Sassoon Khedouri, President of the Jewish Community, the Respected
Baghdad
Greetings and Respect
We request you to kindly issue the birth and marriage certificates listed below and in advance
We thank you " " -
Type of Certificate Requested | Name | Date
Birth Certificate | Mr. Khedouri Meir Lawee | Birth 25 February 1891 in Baghdad
" " | Mrs. Mazli daughter of Salman Lawee wife of Mr. Khedouri | " " 12 March 1901 " "
Marriage Certificate | The aforementioned two | Marriage Basra year 1915 Sivan
Birth Certificate | Mr. Salman son of Khedouri Meir Lawee | Date of birth 3 September 1923 in Basra
" " | Ms. Farah daughter of " " " " | " " 20 March 1925 " " " "
" " | " Georgette daughter of " " " " | " " 23 September 1927 " " " "
" " | Mr. Alfred son of " " " " | " " 17 June 1929 " " " "
Please accept, Your Eminence, our highest respect.
We attest to the correctness of the details mentioned above
⟦illegible signature⟧

Archival unit 62

Khedouri Muthir Lawi
Khedouri Murad Shaker
W
Dawood Samra
Dawood Shaul Tweig
Rabbi Dawood Ezra Mustafa
Dr. Dawood Moallem Nassim
Dawood Yousif Moallem Saleh
R
Rabbi Raphael Isaac Hayim
Reuben Ezra Dawood
S
Rabbi Sassoon Ezra Ishayek
Sassoon Murad Jejeck
Sassoon Rabbi Nassim Cohen
Lawyer Salman Saleh Al-Kabir
Lawyer Salman Sion Sheina
Rabbi Salman Hooki Aboodi
Lawyer Selim Isaac
Selim Tarzi
Dr. Selim Kobi
⟦...⟧aul
Muthir Menahem
Muthir Rabbi Mur⟦...⟧
Menashe Ibrahim Karki
Menashe Saleh Shlomo Daw⟦...⟧
Munz Ita
Moshe Shaul Sofer
Dr. Nurullah Moussa
Nunu Mukammal
H
Harun Haskel Samu⟦...⟧
Y
Yamin Murad
Yehuda Saleh Zelouf
Rabbi Yehoshua Moshe Haskel
Dr. Joseph Rosenfeld
Lawyer Joseph Saleh Al-Kabir
Joseph Nassim Aboodi

Archival unit 63

9/23/942
Certificate
Based on the marriage certificate numbered 263, we hereby confirm that Mr. Haron Salim
son of Menashi Haron married in Baghdad Miss Rachel, known as Rochelle,
daughter of Sassoon son of Yaqub, on April 16, one thousand nine hundred and thirty-five

⟦illegible⟧
Haron
Head of the Community

Archival unit 64

Khedhouri Muthir Lawi
Khedhouri Murad Shukur
D
Daoud Samra
Daoud Shaul Tweig
Rabbi Daoud Ezra Musfi
Dr. Daoud Moallem Nissim
Daoud Yousif Moallem Saleh
R
Rabbi Raphael Isaac Hayyim
Reuben Ezra Daoud
S
Rabbi Sassoon Ezra Ishayek
Sassoon Murad Jejeck
Sassoon Rabbi Nissim Cohen
Lawyer Salman Saleh El-Kabir
Lawyer Salman Sabon Sheena
Rabbi Salman Hawki Abboudi
Lawyer Selim Isaac
Selim Tozi
Dr. Selim Kobi
Lergy Shalom Lawi
M
Muthir Shaul Menashi Shohet
Muthir Menahem Mahab
Muthir Rabbi Moshe Dangoor
Menashi Ibrahim Karji
Menashi Saleh Shlomo David
Monz Ita
Moshe Shaul Sofer
Dr. Nur Allah Moussa
Nuno Mukammal
H
Haroun Heskel Smouha
Y
Yamin Murad
Yehuda Saleh Zelouf
Rabbi Yehoshua Moshe Heskel
Dr. Joseph Rosenfeld
Lawyer Joseph Saleh El-Kabir
Joseph Nissim Abboudi
⟦illegible⟧

Archival unit 65

Presidency of the Israelite Community
in Baghdad
Telephone Number 531
Number ::
Date ::
Subject ::
No. 3323
Baghdad 11th August 1942
Birth Certificate.
In accordance with testimonials presented we hereby
confirm that Miss Amira Abraham of the Jewish Faith was
born in Baghdad in the year 1939 ( nineteen hundred &
thirty nine A.D.)
⟦Sasson⟧
President
The Jewish Community
Baghdad.

Archival unit 66

2242
24 August 942
Certification
Based on the presented marriage certificate, we hereby confirm that Mr. Sa'id bin Yusuf
bin Rubin Haym Lawi was married in Baghdad to Miss Simha daughter of Moshi Yusuf
Al-Sayegh on August 21, the year one thousand nine hundred and forty-two.
⟦Sassoon⟧
Head of the Community

Archival unit 67

H | R | Lawyer Salman Saleh Al-Kabeer
Khedouri Moshir Lawy | Rabbi Raphael Isaac Hayyim | Lawyer Salman Sion Sheina
Khedouri Murad Shaker | Ruben Ezra Daoud | Rabbi Salman Joki Aboudi
D | S | Lawyer Salim Isaac
Daoud Samra | Rabbi Sassoon Ezra Is-haq | Salim Tarazi
Daoud Shaul Tweig | Sassoon Murad Jajik | Dr. Salim Koubi
Rabbi Daoud Ezra Musfi | Sassoon Rabbi Nessim Cohen | 
Dr. Daoud Moallem Nessim |  | 
Daoud Yusuf Moallem Saleh |  | 
Gurji Shalom Lawy | Dr. Noor Allah Moussa | Rabbi Yehoshua Moshi Haskel
Moshir Shaul Menashi Shasoua | Nunu Mukammal | Dr. Joseph Rosenfeld
Moshir Menachem Mehab | H | Lawyer Joseph Saleh Al-Kabeer
Moshir Rabbi Moshi Dankour | Aaron Haskel Smouha | Joseph Nessim Aboudi
Menashi Ibrahim Gurji | Y | 
Menashi Saleh Shlomo David | Yamin Murad | 
Mons Ita | Yehuda Saleh Zelouf | 
Moshi Shaul Sofer |  |

Archival unit 68

Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Baghdad
Telephone No. 531
Number ::
Date ::
Subject ::
Baghdad 24th August 1942
Marriage Certificate.
In accordance with the Marriage Contract presented
we hereby confirm that Mr. SAID YUSUF RUBEN HAIM LAWEE was
married Miss SIMHA MOSHI YUSUF SAIGH in Baghdad on the 21st
day of August 1942 ( nineteen hundred & fourty two ) /
⟦illegible signature⟧
President
The Jewish Community,
Baghdad .

Archival unit 69

2241
23 August 942
Certificate
Based on the marriage certificate number 76, we hereby certify that Mr. Hesqel Khadhouri
Bin Sion Ghazal married in Baghdad Miss Farida daughter of Saleh bin Ibrahim
on the date of June 10, one thousand nine hundred and thirty-six.
⟦Alwi⟧
Head of the Community

Archival unit 70

Khedhouri Meir Levi
Khedhouri Murad ⟦Mur⟧
D
Daoud Samra
Daoud Shaoul Twig
Rabbi Daoud Ezra Musfi
Dr. Daoud Moallem Nassim
Daoud Youssef Moallem Saleh
R
Rabbi Raphael Isaac Hayyim
Reuben Ezra Daoud
S
Rabbi Sassoon Ezra Ishayek
Sassoon Murad Jajik
Sassoon Hakham Nassim Cohen
Lawyer Salman Saleh El-Kabir
Lawyer Salman Sion Sheina
Rabbi Salman Hooki Aboudi
Lawyer Selim Isaac
Selim Terzi
Dr. Selim Koni
Reggie Shalom Dui
M
Meir Shaoul Menashi Shashoua
Meir Menachem Mahlab
Meir Hakham Moshe Dangour
Menashi Ibrahim Karji
Menashi Saleh Shlomo David
Moz Eita
Moshe Shaoul Sofer
Dr. Nourallah Moussa
Nunu Mukammal
H
Haroon Heskel Smouha
Y
Yamin Murad
Yehuda Saleh Zelouf
Rabbi Yehoshua Moshe Heskel
Dr. Joseph Rosenfeld
Lawyer Joseph Saleh El-Kabir
Youssef Nassim Aboudi

Archival unit 71

3341
7 June
Certificate
Based on the marriage document numbered 287, we hereby confirm that Mr. Moshe son of
Khedhouri son of Mordechai has married in Baghdad Miss Karjiya daughter of Murad
son of Ezra Mordechai, known by the name Karjiya daughter of Murad, on June 2
of the year one thousand nine hundred and forty.
Alwi
Head of the Community
.

Archival unit 72

Khedhouri Munir Lawi
Khedhouri Murad Shukur
D
Daoud Meir
Daoud Shaul Tweig
Rabbi Daoud Ezra Musfi
Dr. Daoud Moallem Nassim
Daoud Youssef Moallem Saleh
R
Rabbi Raphael Isaac Hayyim
Reuben Ezra Daoud
S
Rabbi Sassoon Ezra Ishaq
Sassoon Murad Jajak
Sassoon Hanam Nassim Cohen
Sassoon Saleh Al-Sakeer
Lawyer Salman Saleh Al-Sakeer
Lawyer Salman Sion Sheena
Rabbi Salman Joki Abboudi
Lawyer Selim Isaac
Selim Razi
Dr. Selim Kwayi
Munir Shaul Menashi Shohet
Munir Menahem Mahab
Munir Hanam Moshi Dangour
Menashi Ibrahim Kaji
Menashi Saleh Shlomo Daoud
Moza Ita
Moshi Shaul Sofer
Dr. Nurullah Moussa
Nunu Mukammal
H
Haroun Hezekiel Smouha
Y
Yamin Sad
Yehuda Saleh Zalouf
Rabbi Joshua Moshi Hezekiel
Dr. Joseph Rosenfeld
Lawyer Joseph Saleh Al-Sakeer
Joseph Nassim Abboudi

Archival unit 73

HESKEL S.DABBY
Battaween 21C2/1
Baghdad.
10th October 1939
To
The President,
American University,
Beirut.
Dear Sir,
I am greatly pleased with the progress which my sons
Latif and Victor have made in following their course in your
University, and take this opportunity to express my best thanks.
I deeply regret to state that owing to private excep-
tional circumstances, I am at present in a very difficult financial
position which renders me incapable of incurring the full charge
for the tuition of my sons.
Should they be compelled to leave their studies at this
stage it would mean mar their future. I would therefore very
earnestly beg your kind help.
I sincerely thank you for the assistance which, I hope,
you will not fail to render me in the financially critical and
exceptional period which I pass through at present
I beg to remain
Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
H. S. Dabby
We certify that Mr. Heskel S. Dabby is, owing to an
exceptional circumstances, in a very difficult financial position.
His case deserves consideration.
For
President,
The Jewish Community, Baghdad.
11/10/39

Archival unit 74

528
12 October 939
To the Honorable Director of Stephen Lynch & Co. Ltd.
Greetings and Respect,
The bearer of this letter, named Eliyahu Yosef Saffo, is a very poor person and is obliged to travel
to Basra. I request your kindness to transport him on one of your ships free of charge, and I thank you in advance;
⟦illegible⟧
Head of the Community

Archival unit 75

1229
⟦line⟧
Baghdad 15 Av ⟦...⟧
To the beloved of my soul ⟦...⟧ Abraham ⟦...⟧ may God protect him and grant him life, Ein Fadel ⟦...⟧
After greetings ⟦...⟧ and inquiring about your noble ⟦...⟧ well-being ⟦...⟧
⟦line⟧
⟦...⟧ inquiring about our condition, for we are, by the praise of God Exalted, in ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ and peace in the utmost ⟦...⟧ in ⟦...⟧ and all that is in ⟦...⟧
⟦line⟧
⟦...⟧ about ⟦...⟧ which ⟦...⟧ in ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ in ⟦...⟧ and the entry of ⟦...⟧ in ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧ in ⟦...⟧ and all that ⟦...⟧
⟦...⟧
Their portion that we hired them for, because we heard and were answered ⟦illegible⟧ according to their testimony ⟦illegible⟧ their testimony ⟦illegible⟧
Witness signed ⟦illegible⟧ and this is according to their testimony ⟦illegible⟧ and this is according to their testimony ⟦illegible⟧
Testimony ⟦illegible⟧
Ben Shlomo
Testimony ⟦illegible⟧