Voices from the Archive

IJA 2727

Citizenship Correspondence between Iraqi Government and Jewish Community; Synagogue Financial Information

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Description

These are documents relating to the Baghdadi Jewish community, many about Iraqi citizenship. Included are various correspondences between the Jewish community and the Iraqi government. Correspondence with the Secretary General of the Frozen Fund Administration regarding the revocation of Iraqi citizenship of employees at Jewish establishments and daily payment of workers; a letter with names and salaries of employees; a letter from the Secretariat for Monitoring and Managing the Funds of the Jews to the Jewish Hospital Council proclaiming Jewish Iraqi citizenship and permitting employers to pay the employees but freeze a percentage of their salary for the Secretariat. Correspondence with the Secretariat to Monitor and Manage the Funds of the Jews: proclaiming Iraqi Citizenship to the Directorate of Travel and Citizenship, and to the President of the Jewish Community verifying if certain people are having their Iraqi citizenship revoked; requesting the release of a Jewish community fund; the formation of a committee to manage the affairs of David Ezra Synagogue; inquires related to property; request to exempt the Jewish poor from paying tax on their belongings when leaving Iraq; a request to return a shop belonging to the Jewish community; paying the Jewish cemetery guard accumulated salaries; returning an endowed Jewish property; provisions to help the Jewish poor; releasing items belonging to Ḥevrah Ḳadishah (burial society) for Jewish burial; returning the endowed eye hospital and pharmacy; Information about Hebrew religious books in the storage of the Directorate; letters between the President of the Jewish Community and Iraqi government offices regarding exchanging information and answering inquiries, the heirs of Jewish deceased, names, Jewish hospital operations, property tax, lifting the "hand" from the Jewish community funds, and management of the Jewish community funds. Documents relating to Baghdadi Synagogues: an inventory from Mindili Synagogue; correspondence between the Committee on the Administration of Ezra Synagogue and the Directory of Rights and Commercial Matters regarding the members of Ezra Synagogue citizenship status; correspondence from the Jewish Lay Council and banks about opening a bank account for Ezra Synagogue; correspondence from the Lay Council to the Secretary General of the frozen funds regarding the name of the Ezra synagogue committee. Correspondence between the Jewish Lay Council to the General Secretariat regarding exporting 100 Jewish books to without paying for the silver cover; a reply from Municipality of Rights and Commercial Matters to permit the export of the books if it had no silver cover; the Jewish presidency’s reply that it is a family owned, there are not commercial items, and it is against the freedom of religion law. Correspondence from Rabbi Sassoon Khedouri: to the General Directorate of Import regarding Iraqi Jewish property taxes, the Jewish properties exempted from tax, hospitals, schools and orphanages; to the Chairman of the Property requesting a copy of plans and documents of properties belonging to the Jewish community; to the Director of Property Tax requesting a reduction or exemption of property tax for demolition or vacancy reasons.

Metadata

Archive Reference
IJA 2727
Item Number
11978
Date
Approx. January 1, 1951 to December 31, 1960
Languages
Arabic
Keywords
Annotation, Architectural Plans, Baghdadi Jewish Community, Burial, Burial Society, Butcher, Charity, Correspondence, Czechoslovakia, Debts, Director of Import, Doctors, Endowment, Ezra Menahem Daniel, Ezra Synagogue, Financial, Frank Iny School, French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Furniture, Hakham Sassoon Khedouri, Handwritten, Ḥevrah Ḳadishah, Identification Card, Immovable Properties, Inventory, Iranian Bank, Jewish Hospitals, Jewish Hospitals Committee, Kosher, Lawrence Khedouri Primary School, Lawsuit, Marriage, Marriage Certificates, Meir Elias Hospital, Menorah, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Health, Municipality of Accounts, Nahum, Naḥum, Nurses, Ottoman Bank, Paris, Patients, Pharmacy, Property Tax, Receipts, Reemah Kadoorie Eye Hospital, Reem Khadory Clinic, Rent, Stamps

AI English Translation, Pages 51-75

Archival unit 51

General Secretariat
for the Supervision and Management of the Property of Jews
Deprived of Iraqi
Nationality
Number: 2026
Date: 20/5/951
51/1296
21/5/957
19
Secretariat ⟦line⟧ for Rights and Commercial Matters
To ⟦line⟧
Presidency of the Jewish Community in Baghdad
Subject - Inquiry.
Reference to your letter No. 1864 / 51 dated 8/5/51 <del>⟦illegible⟧</del> and to
what was stated in the letter of the Foreign Exchange Directorate No. T/1449 dated
10/4/951 regarding the issue of exporting Torah scrolls outside Iraq, please
kindly provide us with the following information so that we may consider this request:
1- The destination to which these scrolls are being exported.
2- A statement of the number of scrolls intended to be exported.
3- A statement of the weight of the silver quantity in which each scroll will be encased.
⟦illegible signature⟧
Secretary General
A copy to ⟦line⟧
Secretariat of Rights and Commercial Matters - for filing.
Majid Naji /

Archival unit 52

Presidency of the Israelite Community
in Baghdad
Telephone Number { 3531
5452
Number: 1864/51
Date: 5/8/1951
20
⟦signature⟧
Subject:
His Excellency the Secretary General for the Property of Jews Deprived of Citizenship, Respected
After greetings,
The presidency of this community has, since the issuance of the law supplementing the Law of Deprivation of Iraqi Citizenship for Jews
No. 1 of 1950, requested from the Foreign Exchange Department on behalf of the persons who consult it
the export of Scrolls (Torah) outside Iraq, and the Exchange Department used to approve the mentioned request and allow
the export of the Scrolls outside Iraq.
However, the Foreign Exchange Department, since the issuance of the Law for Freezing the Property of Jews Deprived of Citizenship
Iraqi No. 5 dated 1951, has not answered any request we submitted to it, but rather inquired from your
esteemed General Secretariat about that. We would like to place before Your Excellency the following two points regarding the export of Scrolls (Torah):
1 - These Scrolls (Torah) are religious items carried by the family in memory of some of its
deceased members.
2 - In view of this religious character, these Scrolls cannot be considered wealth, as it is not permissible to sell them or dispose of them in any
way or form.
Therefore, the presidency of the community requests your approval for the export of these Scrolls outside Iraq and to kindly
instruct the Foreign Exchange Department to respond to the request letters submitted by the presidency of this community.
Please accept the highest respect.
Acting President of the Community
President of the Lay Council

Archival unit 53

51 / 1864
8 / 5 / 1951
Copy of the ⟦illegible⟧
20 ⟦illegible⟧
His Excellency the Secretary General for the Property of Jews Deprived of Citizenship, Respected
After greetings,
The leadership of this community has been, since the issuance of the law supplementing the law of stripping Iraqi citizenship from Jews
No. 1 of 1950, requesting from the Foreign Exchange Department on behalf of the persons who consult it
the export of Scrolls (Torah) outside Iraq, and the Exchange Department used to approve the mentioned request and allow
the export of the Scrolls outside Iraq.
However, the Foreign Exchange Department, since the issuance of the law freezing the property of Jews deprived of citizenship
Iraqi No. 5 dated 1951, has not answered any request we submitted to it, but rather inquired from your esteemed General Secretariat
about that. We would like to place before your Excellency the following two points regarding the export of Scrolls (Torah):
1 - These Scrolls (Torah) are religious items carried by the family in memory of some of
their deceased members.
2 - In view of this religious character, these items cannot be considered ⟦commercial⟧ such that they may not be sold or disposed of
in any way or form.
Therefore, the leadership of the community requests your approval for the export of these Scrolls outside Iraq and to kindly
instruct the Foreign Exchange Department to respond to the request letters submitted by the leadership of this community.
Please accept the highest respect.
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council

Archival unit 54

General Secretariat
for the Supervision and Management of the Property of Jews
Deprived of Iraqi
Nationality
Administration and Correspondence
Number 51/1274
Date 12/5/951
Number 4573
Date 10/5/1951
To
The Presidency of the Israelite Community
Subject - Subsistence Expenses.
With reference to your letter numbered 1797 / 51 and dated
3 / 4 / 951.
Please inform us whether the gratuities under discussion are granted
to every employee in the Presidency of the Community, what is their amount, and how
were they granted in the past.
Secretary General
1- Register the occasion
2- ⟦illegible⟧
Mahmoud /
12/5/51
⟦illegible⟧

Archival unit 55

General Secretariat
for the Supervision and Management of the Property of Jews
Whose Iraqi Citizenship
Has Been Revoked
Number ⟦line⟧ ⟦1009⟧ / 51 / 686
Date ⟦line⟧ 4/3/1951
4/16/1951
⟦illegible⟧
51 / 686
4/3/1951
22
Committee ⟦line⟧ Administration and Correspondence .
Presidency of the Spiritual Council
Subject/ Granting a bonus
Reference to your letter No. 1798 dated 4/3/1951 .
Please indicate to us the amount you propose to give to each of the officials
and employees mentioned in your letter referred to above in preparation for considering the matter .
Secretary General
Please endorse this letter
from the Honorable ⟦illegible⟧
On 4/17/1951
Jamal

Archival unit 56

51 / 2006
2 / 7 / 1951
27
⟦Copy to⟧
Extremely Urgent
General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived
of Iraqi Citizenship
Greetings,
We confirm our two letters numbered 1864 and 1940 dated 5/8/1951 and
5/23/1951, requesting your esteemed General Secretariat to expedite the decision regarding the facilitation
of travel outside Iraq, as the deportation of persons deprived of Iraqi
citizenship is nearing its end.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦illegible⟧
On behalf of the Acting Head of the Community
Vice President of the Lay Council
The File
General

Archival unit 57

51 / 2021
951 / 8 / 5
24
To the General Secretariat for the Supervision and Management of the Property of Jews Deprived of
Iraqi Citizenship.
Greetings,
Based on the documents kept with us, we hereby confirm that Mr. Salim Nahum
is known by the name Benjamin Salim Nahum.
Please accept our highest respect.
On behalf of the Acting Head of the Community
Vice President of the Lay Council
⟦illegible⟧
The General
Secretariat

Archival unit 58

T / 2082 / 517
23 / 8 / 1951
25
Department Copy
To
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews
Who Have Been Stripped of Iraqi Citizenship.
Greetings,
We have leased the shop numbered 1/50 located in the Jadid Hassan Pasha neighborhood
belonging to the leadership of this community to Mr. Mahdi al-Sayyid Ali al-Sunduq,
starting from 15 / 8 / 1951; and since this shop is frozen by your
esteemed General Secretariat, we kindly request the delivery of its keys to the tenant Mr. Mahdi Ali
al-Sunduq, noting that our contract with the previous tenant Albert Shaul ended at the end of
March 1951.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦illegible⟧
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council

Archival unit 59

⟦illegible⟧ The Department
⟦illegible⟧
T / ⟦illegible⟧
8/31/1951
2
To
The General Secretariat for the Administration and Supervision of the Property of Jews Deprived
of Iraqi Citizenship.
Greetings,
We hereby confirm to you that Mr. Naim Ibrahim Zubaida, Vice President of the Lay Council
of the Israelites in Baghdad, is authorized to sign lease contracts for properties belonging to the Presidency of the Community, including
the property numbered 168/9 located in the Ras al-Qarya neighborhood.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦signature⟧
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council

Archival unit 60

Department Copy
T / 88 / 51
26 / 8 / 1951
CV
To
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews
Whose Iraqi Citizenship Has Been Revoked
Greetings,
This Presidency has leased its shop numbered 52 / 12 located in
Bab al-Agha neighborhood to Mr. Muhammad Ali al-Bassam according to the lease contract dated 26 / 8 / 951
starting from 26 / 8 / 951, and since this shop is frozen by your General Secretariat and in view of
the revocation of Iraqi citizenship from the previous tenant, Koji Yehuda Ibrahim, we kindly request
handing over its keys to Mr. Muhammad Ali al-Bassam, noting that the previous tenant's lease
contract ended at the end of Sha'ban in the year 1370.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦signature⟧
Acting Head of the Community
Head of the Lay Council

Archival unit 61

T / ⟦illegible⟧ / 51
11/9/1951
28
To
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Citizenship.
Greetings,
The presidency of this community and its partner, Mr. Abbas Helmy, have leased the shop belonging to them, No. 2/3/20,
located in the Al-Midan district, Souq al-Haraj, to Mr. Yusuf Dubai Muhammad starting from 10/9/1951; and since this
shop is frozen by your esteemed Secretariat; as it was previously leased by Mr. Ibrahim Haskel Cohen, who was deprived of
Iraqi citizenship and whose lease contract with the presidency of this community ended on 31/5/1951; therefore, we request your Excellency to order
the evacuation of the mentioned shop and its handover to the tenant, Mr. Yusuf Dubai Muhammad.
Please accept our highest respect.
Partner Abbas Helmy
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council
⟦illegible stamp⟧

Archival unit 62

General Secretariat
for the Supervision and Management of the Property of Jews
Whose Iraqi Citizenship Has Been Revoked
Supervision of Immovable Property
Number ⟦6⟧
Date 7 / 10 / 1951
1555
⟦Number⟧
Eviction Decision
Based on the request of the Presidency of the Israeli Community and Mr. Abbas Helmy to vacate the shop numbered
2/3/20 in the Al-Midan neighborhood (Souq al-Haraj), Mr. Abdul Samad al-Sarawi,
a member of the Rent Issues Audit Committee, conducted the necessary investigations, and it appeared from his report dated
4 / 10 / 1951 that the aforementioned shop was leased to the Jew Ibrahim Haskel Cohen,
whose Iraqi citizenship was revoked, for a period of one year ending at the end of May / 1951. Accordingly,
it was decided to vacate it and hand it over to the petitioners, and to deposit a copy of this decision with the Secretariat of Administration -
and Means for implementation.
As for the fair market rent for the shop for the period during which it remained occupied by the General Secretariat after the end of
the lease period, the petitioners may approach the courts to claim it.
Acting Secretary General

Archival unit 63

T / 2102 / 51
11/9/1951
29
His Excellency the Secretary General for the Administration and Supervision of the Property of Jews Deprived of
Iraqi Citizenship, Respected.
After greetings,
The leadership of this community has leased its shop numbered 152 A / 113 located in the neighborhood of
⟦Abu Saifin⟧ to Mr. Reda Ahmed starting from 10/9/1951, and since this shop is frozen by your esteemed
General Secretariat as it was ⟦previously⟧ leased by Yusuf Salem and Ezra Haskil, who were deprived of Iraqi citizenship, therefore
we request Your Excellency to order the evacuation of the mentioned shop and its handover to the tenant Reda Ahmed.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦illegible⟧
Acting Head of the Community
Head of the Lay Council

Archival unit 64

⟦...⟧ General
⟦...⟧ and Administration of Jewish Property
⟦...⟧ of their citizenship
Supervision
Administration and Correspondence
Number: 57 / 1564
Date: 2 / 10 / 951
To "
The lessee of the Khan of the Israelite community
2
Your presence was required at the Secretariat of Administration and Correspondence at seven o'clock in the evening of
Saturday, corresponding to 29 / 9 / 951, to deliberate on the funds present in the aforementioned
Khan.
⟦signature⟧
Acting Secretary General
A copy of it to "
Inventory Observer - with attachments
Mahmoud /

Archival unit 65

Department
Secretary of the ⟦Brigade⟧ of Mosul
Number /
Date 28 / 11 / 951
Presidency of the Community
Number ⟦7574⟧
Date 5 / 12 / 51
To -
President of the Jewish Community in Baghdad
Your letter number 2162 dated 25 / 11 / 951
We have delivered the amount sent with Mr. Aziz Saleh Abdul Nabi, amounting to eighteen dinars, to the guard Hassa bint Hassan
according to the enclosed receipt. Truth be told, the aforementioned is performing her duties in the best manner, and therefore she deserves
assistance and relief. With much gratitude to you.
⟦signature⟧
Secretary of the Mosul Brigade
Mr. President
For notice
Attachments:
1: The receipt
General Secretariat for Frozen Assets
<del>Number 29</del>
<del>Date 1 / 12 / 51</del>
<del>Division</del>
To be sent to
The Jewish Community
Incoming Clerk
A. F.

Archival unit 66

Number / 606
Date 30 / 10 / 951
Department
Secretary of Mosul Province
Head of the Jewish Community
Outgoing Number 6471
Date 4 / 11 / 1951
In Baghdad
To -
Head of the Jewish Community in Baghdad
The guard of the Jewish cemeteries in Mosul, Hassa bint Hassan, has approached the Governor of the Province requesting payment of her accumulated salaries
starting from the month of June of the year 951 and the salaries that fall due in the future. Upon presenting the matter to the General Secretariat
in Baghdad, they replied that this case is outside their jurisdiction and requested that the community representative be contacted regarding it. Since there are no
Jews remaining in Mosul, they also have no representative. Therefore, we request the sending of the aforementioned accumulated salaries and those that fall due
at the end of each month through this department, noting that if these cemeteries are left without a guard, some people will demolish
the walls, steal the debris, and plow and plant the land, as it is located outside the town and adjacent to farmers' lands. Indeed,
encroachment has already occurred by some individuals, and based on the report of the incident by the guard to this department, we prevented them
via the police. The salary allocated to the aforementioned woman is three dinars.
⟦illegible⟧
Secretary of Mosul Province
A. F.
Agreed to pay the salary
⟦illegible⟧ 1951
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
The President

Archival unit 67

Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Baghdad
3531 President
Telephone No. 5452 Secretary
Number: K / 518
Subject: ⟦line⟧
Date: 25 / 11 / 1951
To -
His Excellency the Governor of Mosul Province
After greetings
Your letter No. 606 dated 30 / 10 / 1951
1 - We have complied as stated in your above-mentioned letter and sent with Mr.
Aziz Saleh Abdul Nabi an amount of (18) Dinars for six months' salary
starting from 1 / July 1951 and ending at the end of December 1951
We request it be delivered to the guard (Hissa bint Hassan).
2 - We can only thank you very much for the efforts you have made in this regard
Please accept our highest respect.
On behalf of the President of the Community
Vice President of the Lay Council
⟦illegible stamp⟧

Archival unit 68

22
2061 / 51
5 / 8 / 951
To
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of
Iraqi Citizenship.
Secretariat of Rights and Commercial Matters
Greetings,
Your letter No. 7159 dated 5 / 8 / 951
We inform you that the number of travel books we wish to export currently is one hundred books.
Please accept our highest respect.
On behalf of the Acting Head of the Community
Vice President of the Lay Council
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
2 / 8

Archival unit 69

General Secretariat
for the Supervision and Management of the Property of Jews
Whose Iraqi Citizenship
Has Been Revoked
Rights and Commercial Matters
⟦Presidency of the Israelite Community⟧
Number: 1292 / 7159
Date: 5 / 8 / 951
To "
Presidency of the Israelite Community
Subject - Inquiry.
Reference to your letter numbered 51/2028 and dated 18 / 7 / 951
Please inform us of the number of scrolls you wish to export
so that we may be able to decide on your request, the subject of research in the aforementioned
letter.
⟦Abdul Razzaq Al-Sayyid⟧
For the Acting Secretary General
A copy of it to "
Secretariat of Rights and Commercial Matters - for filing.
Mahmoud /

Archival unit 70

Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Baghdad
Telephone Number { 3531
5452
Number: T / 219 / 51
Date: 24 / 9 / 1951
22
Subject:
To
Directorate of Customs and Excise of Baghdad
Greetings,
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Nationality has approved, according to its letter No.
7951 dated 15 / 8 / 951, a copy of which is attached herewith, the presidency of this community exporting one hundred scrolls (Torah)
after paying the price of the silver they contain if they are silver-plated.
Since some applicants have approached the presidency of this community requesting to export the scrolls they have in this
manner, we request permission to export eighteen scrolls only, without silver, from these scrolls at the present time.
Please accept our highest respect.
Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Baghdad
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council
Attachments:-
A copy of the letter from the General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Nationality No. 7951
dated 15 / 8 / 951
A copy to:-
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Nationality - with reference to its letter
referred to above
General Secretariat

Archival unit 71

Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Baghdad
Telephone Number { 3531
5452
Number :: T / 51 / 2186
Date :: 24 / 8 / 1951
Subject ::
To
Directorate of Customs and Excise of Baghdad
Greetings,
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Citizenship has approved, according to its letter numbered
7951 and dated 15 / 8 / 1951, a copy of which is attached herewith, the presidency of this community exporting one hundred (Torah) scrolls
after paying the price of the silver they contain if they are silver-plated.
And since some applicants have approached the presidency of this community requesting to export the scrolls they have in this
manner, we request permission to export eighteen scrolls only, without silver, from these scrolls at the present time.
Please accept our highest respect.
Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Baghdad
Acting President of the Community
President of the Lay Council
Attachments :-
A copy of the letter from the General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Citizenship numbered 7951
and dated 15 / 8 / 1951
A copy to :-
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Citizenship - with reference to its letter
referred to above

Archival unit 72

T / 2084 / 51
24 / 8 / 1951
Department Copy
To
The General Secretariat for the Supervision and Administration of the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Citizenship
Greetings,
Your letter No. 7951 dated 15 / 8 / 1951
We confirm what was stated in our letter No. 2028 / 51 dated 18 / 7 / 1951 that religion and law
will not permit under any circumstances the disposal of the Torah covers (Astar) given that they are sacred objects that cannot be considered wealth.
Therefore, we request approval to export the aforementioned covers mentioned in our letter above without paying the value of the silver they contain.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦illegible⟧
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council

Archival unit 73

24
T / 212 / 51
25 / 9 / 1951
To
The General Secretariat for the Administration and Supervision of the Property of Jews Deprived of
Iraqi Nationality.
After greetings,
We hereby authorize the secretary of this community, the lawyer Shaul Moussa, the right to follow up and review
all transactions of the presidency of this community located in your department.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦illegible stamp⟧
⟦signature⟧
Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council
Imam

Archival unit 74

Presidency of the Jewish Community
in Baghdad
3531 President | Telephone Number
5452 Secretary |
25
Number: 51 / 2159
Subject:
Date: 19 / 11 / 1951
To "The General Secretariat for the Assets of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Citizenship"
Greetings,
The shop numbered 144 / 172 located in the Faraj Allah neighborhood belonging to the presidency of this
community is frozen by your General Secretariat as it was leased by the person named Yaqub <del>Hesqel Menachem</del>
who was deprived of Iraqi citizenship and whose lease expired at the end of March 1951, and since
the presidency of this community has leased it to Mr. Hussein bin Ali starting from 11 / 11 / 1951.
We request your General Secretariat to hand over this shop to the new tenant.
Please accept our highest respect.
On behalf of the Acting Head of the Community
President of the Lay Council
General Secretariat

Archival unit 75

2159 / 51
1951/11/19
To the General Secretariat for the Property of Jews Deprived of Iraqi Citizenship
Greetings,
The shop numbered 172/144 located in the Faraj Allah neighborhood belonging to the presidency of this
community is frozen by your General Secretariat, as it was leased by the person named Yaqub <del>⟦illegible⟧</del> Menachem
who was deprived of Iraqi citizenship and whose lease expired at the end of March 1951. And since
the presidency of this community has leased it to Mr. Hussein bin Ali starting from 1951/11/11.
We request your General Secretariat to hand over this shop to the new tenant.
Please accept our highest respect.
⟦signature⟧
Acting Head of the Community
Head of the Lay Council