AI en Translation, Pages 101-125
Page 101
Kingdom of Iraq
Ministry of Interior
Number: 1520 / Q 2 S
Date: 4 / 8 / 1953
(Secret)
Baghdad
Borders Division
Subject: - Border incidents in Rania District
To: - General Police Directorate
With reference to your letter numbered S / 3150 and dated 26 / 7 / 1953.
We send you herewith a copy of the letter from the Erbil Liwa Administration numbered S / 360 and dated
29 / 7 / 1953 with its attached copy regarding the subject for your information.
⟦signature⟧
For the Minister of Interior
Abd
Page 102
S - J
Q . K
44
Please attach the report.
⟦signature⟧
10
S - J
Please submit the report
⟦signature⟧
I am submitting the report with the request to note the letter from the ⟦Penjwin⟧ station that sent the report
and the minutes of the meeting decided between the border commissioners of both sides regarding
appointing a joint committee to stabilize the borders, and that contacts are ongoing
with the Iranian border commissioner to find out the members of the Iranian committee
and the presence of the committee in the area. The mentioned station adds
a letter stating that the situation at the border is very calm at the present time.
⟦signature⟧
2/2
The file
⟦signature⟧
2/2
Page 103
Copy of the letter from the District Administration of Rania, No. S/84, dated 21 / 7 / 953
42
Governorate of Erbil Province
Further to our extraordinary telegram numbered and dated 20 / 7 / 1953, we enclose three copies of the minutes of the meeting
held between us and ⟦and it is completed⟧ and the Iranian Border Commissioner for the Khaneh area on the border on the 18th and 19th
of 7 / 953 for your kind review, from which it will be clear to your office that we have done everything in our power to prevent the expansion
of the dispute. We kindly request the prompt formation of the specialized committee and its attendance at the scheduled time to participate with the Iranian
committee for the purpose of fixing the border line points to resolve the dispute regarding the summer resorts where our tribes are accustomed to summering
and kindly inform us.
Signed / District Governor of Rania
Page 104
1592
Iraq
Ministry of Interior
Baghdad
Borders Division
Number: ⟦illegible⟧
Date: 2 / 8 / 1953
(Secret and Urgent)
Subject: - Formation of a border committee
To: - Erbil Governorate
Further to our letter No. Q S / 1415 dated 28 / 7 / 1953
We send you herewith a copy of each of the General Survey Directorate's letter No. S / 30
dated 28 / 7 / 1953 and the Ministry of Agriculture's letter No. S / 245 dated
21 / 7 / 1953 with an attached copy regarding the subject, and we request you provide us with the names of the members of the Iranian
committee and the date of the joint committee meeting a suitable time in advance so that we can notify the members
of the Iraqi committee to attend at the appointed time.
⟦signature⟧
For the Minister of Interior
Copy to: -
Ministry of Defense - Please kindly provide us with what has been done regarding the appointment of your representative in
the committee under discussion as soon as possible.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Ministry of Agriculture
General Survey Directorate - Please provide the aforementioned surveyor with the necessary maps
General Police Directorate
Page 105
1542
Iraq
Ministry of Interior
Baghdad
⟦illegible⟧
Number:
Date: 2 / 8 / 195⟦2⟧
(Secret and Urgent)
Subject: - Formation of a boundary committee
To: - Erbil Liwa Governorate
Further to our letter No. Q S / 1415 dated 28 / 7 / 1952.
We enclose herewith a copy of each of the General Survey Directorate's letter No. S / 30
dated 28 / 7 / 1952 and the Ministry of Agriculture's letter No. S / 245 dated
20 / 7 / 1952 with an attached copy regarding the subject. We request you to provide us with the names of the members of the Iranian
committee and the date of the joint committee meeting a suitable time in advance so that we can notify the members
of the Iraqi committee to attend at the appointed time.
⟦signature⟧
On behalf of the Minister of Interior
Copy to: -
Ministry of Defense - Please kindly provide us with what has been done regarding the appointment of your representative in
the committee under discussion as soon as possible.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Ministry of Agriculture
General Survey Directorate - Please provide the aforementioned surveyor with the necessary maps
General Police Directorate
Page 106
Copy of the Ministry of Agriculture letter No. S / 245 dated 29 / 7 / 1953
Secret and Very Urgent
Ministry of Interior
Subject: Formation of a Boundary Committee
With reference to your letter No. 1454 dated 23 / 7 / 1953 and further to the letter of the Directorate
of General Survey No. S / 30 dated 28 / 7 / 1953
1 - We support the nomination of the Survey Inspector, Mr. Mahmoud Hussein, who is currently working in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate,
to be a representative of this Ministry in the committee under discussion. We kindly request you to inform us of the committee's meeting date
sufficiently in advance so that we can notify the aforementioned person to take the necessary action.
2 - We enclose herewith a copy of the letter from the Kirkuk <del>Survey</del> Department No. S / 706 dated
26 / 7 / 1953 and its attachments regarding the subject for your information.
Signed / For the Minister of Agriculture
Darwish Al-Haidari.
Copy to
Ministry of Defense ;
Ministry of Foreign Affairs ; For your kind information.
Directorate of General Police ;
Directorate of General Survey - with reference to its letter No. S / 30 on 28 / 7 / 1953 ;
Page 107
Ministry of Interior
Borders Division
Number / ⟦illegible⟧ S
Date / 7 / 1953
(Secret and Urgent)
Ministry of Defense
Ministry of Agriculture
Subject / Formation of a Border Committee
Further to our letter No. Q S / 1454 dated 23 / 7 / 1953
We record below a copy of the General Police Directorate letter No. S / 3150 dated
26 / 7 / 1953 regarding the subject for your information and kindly reply in the margin of
our aforementioned letter regarding the appointment of your representative in the committee under discussion as
quickly as possible.
⟦signature⟧
For the Minister of Interior
Copy to - Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Governorate of Erbil Liwa
⟦line⟧
Copy of the Letter
⟦line⟧
Very Secret and Urgent
Ministry of Interior
Subject / Formation of a Border Committee
Reference to your letter No. Q S / 1454 dated 23 / 7 / 1953
This department assigns First Class Assistant Police Director Yassin Darwish
currently employed on a special mission in the border area within Erbil
Liwa as a representative in the committee under discussion.
For your kind information
Signed / Alwan Hussein
Director General of Police
Copy to -
Police Director of Erbil Liwa - enclosed is a copy of the referred Ministry of Interior letter with a copy
of its telegram, and we request notifying the aforementioned assistant of the necessity to attend with the joint committee to carry out
the mission under discussion.
Page 108
The Iraqi Government
Directorate General of Police
Baghdad
Section (Operations)
Number 21060
Date 27 / 7 / 1953
Secret and Very Urgent
Ministry of Interior
Subject - Formation of a Border Committee
Reference to your letter numbered Q.S / 1454 and dated 23 / 7 / 1953
This department nominates the First Class Assistant Director of Police
Yassin Darwish, currently employed on a special mission in the
border area within the Erbil Province, as a representative in the committee under discussion.
For your kind information.
⟦signature⟧
Alwan Hussein
Director General of Police
Copy to:-
Director of Police of Erbil Province
Enclosed is a copy of the referred Ministry of Interior letter with a copy of its attachment
and we request notifying the aforementioned Assistant of the necessity to attend with the joint committee
to carry out the mission under discussion.
Attachments
Page 109
Iraq
Ministry of Interior
(Secret)
Number Q: S / 1519
Date 7 / 8 / 1953
8/1
22
Baghdad
Borders Department
Subject: - Iranian forces' violation of
the Iraqi borders
To: -
Governorate of Erbil Liwa
Directorate of General Police
Further to our letter No. Q - S / 1396 dated 1953/7/19.
We send you herewith a copy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs letter No. Sh / 1157 / 1157 /
4 / dated 1953/7/27 regarding the subject for your information.
⟦illegible⟧
On behalf of the Minister of Interior
Abd
⟦For the Director⟧
Page 110
Sh/1157/1157/4/
27 / 7 / 1953
22
Ministry: Interior
Sh.: Secret Intelligence
Number: 8691
Date: 29 / 7 / 953
Confidentiality Level: (( Confidential ))
Political Department
Eastern Section
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs presents its compliments to the Imperial Iranian Embassy in Baghdad and has the honor to state that
the nomadic Mangur tribes residing in the (Sangaw) sub-district of the Rania district have been accustomed to grazing in Iranian
territories on the borders for many generations, such that their summering has become a traditional matter inherited since ancient times and was
never a subject of objection by the Iranian authorities throughout the past years. Recently, a serious
aggression occurred against the aforementioned Iraqi tribes, where on July 9, 1953, forces of soldiers
and Iranian civilians gathered, equipped with mortars and machine guns, and began shelling the Mangur tribes. As a result,
this armed force compelled the Iraqi tribes to leave their pastures. Had it not been for the intervention of those in authority
from the Iraqi officials and their advice to the tribes to maintain calm, tranquility, and deliberation until the matter cleared up,
unsatisfactory and undesirable incidents would have occurred.
02 - On July 14, 1953, the specialized Iraqi officials ascended to the summit of Mount Kodlan to clarify
the situation. When they reached the summit, the Iranian force began firing gunshots and machine guns at the Iraqi officials.
In the afternoon of the same day, a person named Hussein Daifi, holding the rank of Second Lieutenant, arrived. After deliberation with the Assistant Police Chief of
Rania, he stated that his government had authorized him to expel all Iraqi tribes within the Iranian borders. He had with him a map
of the Iraqi-Iranian borders and, based on it, requested the evacuation of (Kodlan site) along with the surrender of Mount Kalala, Mount Masrut,
Sawa, the Baruza site, and Mount Qandil. He then requested the deportation of the Iraqi tribes residing on Mount Qandil, namely the tribes of
Ako, Manguri, and Manda Mir, and threatened to use force to expel those tribes within three days.
03 - The deployment of a regular force from the Iranian army along with members of Iranian tribes equipped with mortars and machine guns,
their positioning on the Iraqi border, their shelling and pursuit of peaceful Iraqi tribes, and their continued firing at residents and even
Iraqi officials inside Iraqi territory is a clear violation of the borders and Iraqi lands, the seriousness of which is not
hidden from the esteemed Embassy. The Iraqi government can only draw the Iranian government's attention to
this serious incident. At the same time, it hopes the Embassy will take the initiative to inform its government of this and request it to
issue strict orders to stop these aggressions at their limit, punish those responsible, and withdraw the Iranian
soldiers stationed on the border line for fear of friction with the Iraqi tribes, and to allow the tribes under
discussion to frequent their pastures as usual. By doing so, the friendly Iranian government would have truly strengthened the bonds
of friendship and affection between the two countries.
Awaiting a reply, the Ministry takes this opportunity to express its highest appreciation and respect.
103
For your kind review and reference to our letter ⟦illegible⟧
A copy of it to the Security Directorate and the General Police
Directorate to take the necessary action regarding the aforementioned, please.
Assistant
7/29
(( Stamp ))
Imperial Iranian Embassy
Baghdad
⟦signature⟧
7/29
S ( 2 )
Page 114
Copy of the telegram from the Erbil Provincial Administration No. 240/S dated 7/20/52 sent to the Ministry of Interior
Further to our telegram No. 335/S dated 7/16, the following is the telegram from the District Officer of Rania
sent as an extraordinary message to the Intelligence Officer in Kirkuk, repeated to us. It begins: We record below
the information requested according to your questions. First, please note our extraordinary telegram on 7/16 addressed
to the Erbil Provincial Administration, a copy of which is with the Acting District Officer in Rania and sent by us via
Commissioner Shaker Mustafa regarding the details of the case. Second, the investigation revealed that the summer resorts named
Agha Sar, Merga Zan, Sharkul, and Tushil, which Iraqi tribes used to frequent every year
without previous dispute or conflict, are now under the control of the Iranian force, as the commander of the Iranian force claimed
that those resorts fall within Iranian territory according to their maps, despite the fact that the Iranian authorities
had never requested to prevent our tribes from summering in those locations since ancient times regarding our adherence to their claim.
Fourth, a meeting took place between us and the commander of the Iranian force on 7/16. Despite his verbal promise to us
to withdraw his forces from those locations until the issue of border demarcation is decided by the competent authorities
from both sides, he has not fulfilled his promise so far, nor has he fulfilled the promise he made to himself
to attend again with the competent Iranian Border Commissioner on 7/17 to meet with us to conduct
a joint investigation regarding the Iranian soldiers' encroachment on our subjects. Fifth, the Iranian force
is divided into two parts: 1- Stationed at the Little Chahar Qandil site with a force of 120 soldiers under the command of an officer
with the rank of Captain. 2- Stationed at the Sara Jalan site with a force of 120 soldiers with some armed tribesmen
under the command of an officer also with the rank of Captain, and the mentioned force is equipped with machine guns and light artillery.
Sixth, after the Iranian soldiers fired bullets and machine guns at our tribes in their usual summer resorts,
our tribes were forced to leave those resorts since 7/12/953 and are now located in
the sites of Kurti Sawa Malha and the Best Aslan area. Seventh, as for our observations on the position of the Iranian authorities
on the border, their bad intentions and attempt to encroach on our subjects with the intent of seizing their property have become apparent to us. We noticed
from the commander of the Iranian force who visited us a lack of adherence to and consideration for good neighborly relations, and we are still
waiting for the Iranian Border Commissioner to negotiate with him regarding this incident. Eighth, we see it as appropriate
for you to attend with military maps to the border area at the Kodlan site for the purpose of applying the maps on-site
correctly. End. We will provide your office with the result. Repeated to: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Defense, Command of the 2nd Division.
Page 115
27
District Headquarters
Penjwin Police
Ministry of Defense
S.A.
⟦...⟧
Page 116
Copy of the telegram from the Mutasarrifate of Erbil Liwa numbered S / 335 and dated 18 / 7 / 1953 addressed
to the Ministry of Interior.
Further to our telegram numbered 334 / S on 15 / 7. The Qaimmaqam of Rania District contacted on 16 / 7 the commander of the
Iranian force named Hassan Zamiri stationed at the (Sari Jalan) site to clarify from him the reason for
the Iranian forces' encroachment on the Iraqi Mangur tribes and preventing them from their summer pastures which they used to summer
in every year without any fees being collected from them during that period. The mentioned commander replied that the border
officials were traitors and that the Iranian government is now protecting its lands. He refused to organize a joint
report in his capacity as a military man, but he promised to inform the Iranian border commissioner who is now present
with the Iranian force to come to him and meet with him, and he also agreed with the commander of the Iranian force to withdraw his forces
to the (Shawka) site, which is six kilometers east of Mount Qandil, and no incidents have occurred since
the 14th of the current month and no one was harmed. End. We will provide your office with the result of the meeting of the Iraqi-Iranian
border commissioner later. Repeated to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Ministry of Defense. Headquarters of the Second Division.
Page 117
Copy of the telegram from the Mutasarrifate of Erbil Liwa No. S / 335 dated 18 / 7 / 1953, Protected
To the Ministry of Interior.
Further to our telegram No. 334 / S on 15 / 7. The Qaimmaqam of Rania District contacted on 16 / 7 the commander of the
Iranian force named Hassan Zamiri stationed at the (Sari Jalan) site to seek clarification from him regarding the reason
for the Iranian forces' encroachment on the Iraqi Mangur tribes and preventing them from their summer pastures where they used to summer
every year without any fees being collected from them during that period. The aforementioned commander replied that the border
officials were traitors and that the Iranian government is now protecting its lands. He refused to organize a joint
report in his capacity as a military man, but he promised to inform the Iranian border commissioner who is currently present
with the Iranian force to come to him and meet with him. He also agreed with the commander of the Iranian force to withdraw his forces
to the (Shawka) site, which is six kilometers east of Mount Qandil. No incidents have occurred since
the 14th of the current month and no one was harmed. End. We will provide your office with the result of the meeting of the
Iraqi-Iranian border commissioner later. Repeated to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Ministry of Defense. Headquarters of the Second Division.
Page 118
Iraq
Ministry of Interior
Baghdad
Borders Division
(Secret and Extremely Urgent)
Number: 1272
Date: 20 / 7 / 1953
Subject: -- Iranian soldiers' encroachment on the Iraqi borders
To: -- Ministry of Defense
With reference to the telegram of the Erbil Liwa Governorate No. S/332 dated 14 / 7 / 1953
We send you herewith a copy of the telegrams of the Erbil Liwa Governorate numbered 333 / S and 334 / S
dated 15 / 7 / 1953, and it is noted from them that the situation has become very dangerous in view of
the Iranian soldiers directing their artillery and machine-gun fire at Iraqi subjects
and the Iraqi borders and requesting the evacuation of some Iraqi positions. We request you to kindly send a
sufficient force from the army to be on standby to prevent any matters that may occur and to provide us
with the result.
Minister of Interior
A copy of it and the two telegrams to --
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Presidency of the Council of Ministers Diwan - for kind review and support.
Directorate of General Police - requesting the reinforcement of Iraqi border police posts
with additional forces as well and informing us.
A copy to --
Erbil Liwa Governorate - requesting that necessary precautions be taken not to give
room for Iranian soldiers to encroach on Iraqi
territory no matter the cost.
Abid
Page 120
19
Kardan
5 None Mirkozan
Kardalan ⟦Mawan⟧ Resort
Residents ⟦Banuwaha⟧ Border Post
<del>Sarkar</del> Sarjia
In ⟦Khorram Darreh⟧
Sarkola ⟦Hawat Martam⟧
Kiwian ⟦Wanar Ni' fi⟧
Kudish
Page 121
S. D
We had received a telegram from the Erbil Governorate regarding the action of Iranian
soldiers in directing their artillery and machine gun fire at
the Pishdar - Al-Markha tribes who were summering in the place
called (Merkuran) under the pretext that this place is located
within their territory, and those tribes have returned to Iraq.
Therefore, the Governorate requested the dispatch of an army force
to control the situation (this telegram was lost).
Attached are the two telegrams from the Erbil Governorate submitted for review.
It is noted that the situation has become ⟦tense⟧ in the
border area for orders as ⟦you see fit⟧.
⟦signature⟧
7/16
⟦signature⟧
16
P 300
Please be informed ⟦...⟧
⟦signature⟧
7/16
Page 122
12
Top Secret
Regarding the telegram of the Erbil Governorate, submitted for review.
I suggest first identifying the location of (Merkozan), whether it is situated
within Iraqi or Iranian territory, by
referring the case to the technical observer in the Diwan of this
Ministry. Secondly, regarding the dispatch of an army force
to maintain security in the border area, I await your orders.
At the same time, you suggest requesting the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs to contact the ⟦competent⟧ Iranian side to put
an end to these provocative acts that are inconsistent with
the sanctity of the borders. For your orders, please.
⟦illegible signature⟧
15 / 7
Note that the Director of Eastern Affairs at the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs informed me that the maps they have do not help
in identifying these locations. He requested an audit of the maps available
in this Ministry, if any. Due to the absence of the technical observer
on leave, we were unable to determine whether detailed maps exist
or not.
⟦illegible signature⟧
15
Page 123
17 / 6 / 1359
22 / 7 / 1940
2551 ⟦22⟧
Borders Division
⟦line⟧ Secret ⟦line⟧
M Akh
Governorate of Erbil Liwa
Subject / Border News
With reference to your letter numbered S / 741 and dated 10 / 7 / 1940
We request monitoring the situation with all precision and attention to prevent any violation of the Iraqi borders
and to provide us with any updates regarding the matter.
Written
⟦signature⟧
Acting Minister of Interior
Copy to -
Ministry of Defense
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Directorate of General Police
With reference to the letter of the Erbil Liwa Governorate above
P ⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
⟦illegible⟧
Archived
Page 124
11/9/24
Chief Accountant
202
The Erbil Governorate had informed us in its letter p. 200
of a violation by the Iranians on Iraqi territory
and their arrest of two persons from the Harwaniyah tribe,
namely Mahmoud ⟦Rustam⟧ and Shahka, and now it returns and informs us
in its attached letter of the incorrectness of the violation and the
arrest of the two mentioned persons, for your information and orders please.
of the occurrence of
border violation
mentioned
Written on
7/17
203
It appears that the notification of the mentioned violation was incorrect, as it was in the sub-district directorate of ⟦...⟧
based on unconfirmed reports, and when it was confirmed - and now that both the Harwaniyah
and the Ghanam reside in one area and nothing has previously disturbed ⟦their brotherhood⟧, and regarding the two persons, it is only
due to historical reasons for their families, rather his family residing with all ⟦desire⟧ and interest from
remnants they have of any violation on the Iranian border
What the Iraqi garrison has exerted towards every movement from the Iranian side does not occupy any concern for such
simple violations that did not affect any of the tasks of the Iraqi garrison stationed there
For information
7/19
⟦Signature⟧
7/20
p. 45
Rest of ⟦...⟧
7/20
Page 125
Mutasarrifate of Erbil Liwa
Editing Department
7/6/21
⟦line⟧ Secret ⟦line⟧
Ministry of Interior of Iraq:
⟦illegible⟧ Special Office ⟦illegible⟧:
Number: 4298
Date: 1 / 7 / 1940
To: Ministry of Interior
Number: 690 / S
Date: 22 / Jumada al-Awwal / 359
Date: 27 / June / 1940
Subject: Border News
Further to our letter No. S/672 dated 23 / 6 / 1940.
We enclose herewith a copy of the Liwa Police Directorate letter No. S/903 dated 23 / 6 / 1940
with a copy of the diagram discussed regarding the subject for your kind perusal. We will present what reaches
us from the Rawanduz District Qaimaqamate in response to our letter attached above. As for the letter of the Liwa Police
Directorate No. S/851 dated 15 / 6 / 1940 discussed in the first paragraph of our ⟦illegible⟧ letter
attached, we have previously submitted its copy to your esteemed Ministry under our letter No. S/649 ⟦line⟧
dated 18 / 6 / 1940.
Mutasarrif of Erbil Liwa
26 / 6 / 1940
Secretary
Please present the diagram to be submitted above
⟦illegible⟧
28 / 7
⟦illegible⟧
Copy with a copy of the two attachments to:⟦line⟧
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Ministry of Defense
Command of the Second Division in Kirkuk
Copy without attachments to:⟦line⟧
Directorate General of Police - with reference to the Liwa Police Directorate letter
referred to above, a copy of which was sent to them
Copy with the two attachments to:⟦line⟧
Rawanduz District Qaimaqamate - with the request for a speedy response to our letter No.
S/672 dated 23 / 6 / 1940 in a
detailed manner
Copy to the Liwa Police Directorate:⟦line⟧
With reference to its letter alluded to above
⟦illegible⟧
Save to
The Portfolio
26 / 6 / 1940